1900 1950 The rise of newspapers and periodicals in China

The Chinese newspaper founded in Shanghai in 1872 was the Declaration.

Founded on April 30, 1872 by British businessmen, the Declaration, was the first commercial newspaper in China with the main purpose of making profits. Because it was founded in Shanghai, Shanghai is also known as "Shen", so the name of the newspaper is "Declaration". Originally known as Shenjiang Xinbao, the "Declaration" was a newspaper founded by foreigners, written by Chinese, founded in Shanghai on April 30, 1872 (March 23, the 11th year of the reign of the Qing Dynasty) and ceased publication on May 27, 1949.

It is the newspaper with the longest circulation time and extensive social influence in modern China, and it is the beginning and symbol of modern newspapers in China. It has been in operation for a total of 78 years, after the late Qing Dynasty, Beiyang**, and the National** three eras, a total of more than 27,000 issues have been published, the publication time is long, the influence is extensive, and it is difficult for other newspapers to reach in the same period, and occupies an important position in the study of Chinese journalism history and social history, and is known as the "encyclopedia" of modern Chinese history.

The "Declaration" has gone through twists and turns

In November 1937, after the fall of Shanghai, the Japanese tried to control the newspaper, and the newspaper refused to censor its press and announced the cessation of publication on December 14, 1937. In January and March 1938, the Hankow edition and the Hong Kong edition were republished, but the Hankow edition ceased publication in July of that year, and the Hong Kong edition ceased publication in July of the following year. On October 10, 1938, the "Declaration" was republished in the Shanghai Concession under the name of American merchants.

On December 8, 1941, the Japanese army entered the Shanghai Public Concession and declared that the publication would be suspended again.

A week later, under the threat of the Japanese army, the "Declaration" was republished and completely controlled by the Japanese army's reporting department. In 1942, the Japanese military headquarters suddenly sent people to seize the "Declaration". On December 6, the Japanese Navy sent the traitor Chen Binhe to take over the "Declaration" in the name of the "Military Management Commission" and appointed Chen as its president.

On the day of Japan's surrender, Chen Binhe absconded, and the publication of "Declaration" was suspended. The supplement of "Declaration" in this period was the literary supplement "Spring and Autumn" and a number of new special issues created after the resumption of publication in 1938.

In 1858, foreign businessmen first founded the "Bao Bao Bao" in Hong Kong, which became an advertising newspaper for shipping prices after 1861. During this period, in addition to some comprehensive newspapers, foreigners also founded some professional advertising newspapers and periodicals, such as "Oriental Advertising News", "Fuzhou Advertising News", "China Advertising News" and so on. At that time, the advertising business was mainly based on shipping schedules and commodities, which was not unrelated to the frequent exchange of foreign merchant ships and the large amount of goods entering and exiting after the five-port trade.

On March 23, 1872, the "Declaration" was launched, which is the oldest and most prestigious Chinese newspaper in China. At the end of the 19th century, Chinese newspapers were launched one after another, and in the three or four years from 1895 to 1898, 32 major newspapers were established in the country. Due to the intensification of competition for capital, the number of newspaper periodicals and advertising pages have increased rapidly.

In 1899, "Popular Daily" in 1923, such as Zou Taofen's "Life Weekly", "Oriental Magazine" and "Women's Magazine", etc., during the 1936 National Games, "Shanghai News" took the opportunity to engage in an aerial advertisement, in 1937, in Chongqing, in addition to the original "Business **", there are also "Xinhua **", "****", "Sweeping Daily", "Ta Kung Pao", "Xinmin Daily".

1 Many patriots wanted to propagate new ideas, 2 encouraged newspapers, and 3 the West also vigorously ran newspapers for missionary purposes.

1.Influenced by the newspaper boom of Western missionaries.

2.The gradual disintegration of the natural economy and the rise of national capitalism.

3.Influenced by Western democratic ideas, it propagated the need for reform of the law. 4.In order to meet the needs of citizens' life and entertainment.

Answer D: This question examines the "Declaration". "Declaration" is the most famous newspaper in modern China founded in Shanghai in 1872.

According to the time of "founded in 1872", it can be seen that the newspaper is "Declaration" In 1972, "Declaration" was founded in Shanghai, and "Declaration" was the first commercial newspaper of China's recent peace generation, rich in content "Wanguo Gazette" was the first newspaper of the Restoration faction, which was founded in Beijing on August 17, 1895 "Minbao" was founded in Tokyo in 1905; Xinhua**, which was first founded during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the early days of the War of Liberation, is a large-scale organ of the Communist Party of China

Therefore, C