What the cochlea converts into auditory signals

Cochlea. There are two main features:

Clause. 1. Transsion.

function, that is, to transmit the sound received by the vestibular window to the hair cells, when the stapes moves inward, the cochlear membrane protrudes outward, resulting in a pressure difference between the vestibular and tympanum steps, and then causes the vibration of the basal membrane. The basement membrane at the base of the snail.

stiffer, immediately displacing with a change in pressure; The basement membrane at the top of the cochlea is soft, its displacement cannot keep up with the change in pressure, and the vibration on the basement membrane amplitudes as it propagates from the base of the cochlea to the top of the cochlea.

Increasingly, the maximum amplitude caused by high-frequency sound is near the vestibular window at the bottom of the worm, and the maximum amplitude caused by low-frequency sound is close to the top of the worm.

Second, the sensory function, that is, the conversion of the sound energy received by the spiral into the potential of the cochlear nerve. The inner edge of the basal membrane is attached to the spiral plate of the bone, while the inner edge of the operculum is connected to the spiral plate margin, the eardrum.

The attachment points are not on the same axis, so when the staggered displacement shear movement occurs, a shear force is generated between the basement membrane and the operculum.

Under the action of shear force, the cilia of the hair cells are bent or deflected, causing the hair cells to be excited, and the mechanical energy will be combined.

It is converted into bioelectric energy, which produces impulses from the bottom of the hair cells to the cochlear nerve endings. The transcochlear nerve and its central conduction pathway are transmitted to the auditory cortex to produce hearing.

Depending on the part of the basement membrane of the cochlea, the frequency of the sound perceived is different. The maximum amplitude of high-frequency sound is near the vestibular window of the volilla, the maximum amplitude of low-frequency sound is close to the roof of the vola, and the mid-frequency sound resonates in the middle of the basement membrane base. High frequencies are felt in the snail base area, and low frequencies are felt in the snail crest position.

Frequencies below 800 Hz are located at the top of the perimeter, and 2000 Hz are located at the midpoint from the worm hole to the stapes.

Cochlear sound waves are converted into auditory signals.

There are various sounds in life, and we mainly distinguish them from the aspects of pitch, volume, timbre, etc. 2. Tap the same tuning fork with different forces, and the pitch of the sound will not change. Striking the same tuning fork with different forces will change the strength of the sound.

3. Sound is produced by the vibration of an object. The sound of a person speaking is produced by the vibrations of the vocal cords. 4. Vibration:

An object is constantly and repeatedly moving back and forth under the action of force, and this motion is called vibration. When the object stops vibrating, the sound stops. 5. Gently touch the water surface with the struck tuning fork, and the water surface will ripple.

6. The sound has changes in height and strength, and the strength of the sound can be described by the volume, the greater the vibration amplitude, the stronger the sound; The lower the amplitude of the vibration, the weaker the sound. 7. The height of the sound can be described by pitch, the faster the object vibrates, the higher the sound it emits, and the slower the object vibrates, the lower the sound it emits. (The thicker, larger, and longer object pitches, the thinner, smaller, and shorter object pitches) 8. The height of the voice is related to the speed of vocal cord vibration.

9. The sound of the big iron nail is high, and the sound of the small iron nail is low; The rubber band is tightened and makes a high sound, and when it is pulled loose, it makes a low sound; Knock on the water cup at different water levels, the sound made by the shallow water cup is high, and the sound made by the full water cup is low; Blowing test tubes with different water levels, the sound produced by the full water test tube is high, and the sound made by the shallow water test tube is low10, and the ruler is vigorously dialed, and the ruler vibrates with a large amplitude and strong sound; Gently dial the ruler, the ruler vibrates with a small amplitude and the sound is weak. 11. The shorter the length of the ruler extending out of the tabletop, the faster the speed of vibration and the higher the pitch, and the longer the length of the ruler extending out of the table, the slower the speed of vibration and the lower the pitch. 12. Sound is propagated in the form of waves, and when sound waves encounter objects, they will cause objects to vibrate, and sound is transmitted from one place to another through various substances.

13.The direction of sound propagation is in all directions. The sound of a person's speech is produced by the vibration of the vocal cords.

14. The propagation of the sound of "soil" is mainly transmitted through cotton threads. (Tighten the cotton thread when talking). The ability of these materials to propagate sound from strong to weak is wooden ruler, aluminum foil, nylon thread, cotton thread 15, the propagation speed of sound in different substances is different, the propagation speed in solid is the fastest, the second in water, and the slowest propagation speed in air.

16. The structure of the ear can be divided into: the outer ear (pinna, ear canal), the middle ear (ossicles, tympanic membrane), the inner ear (cochlea, auditory nerve) Ear canal: transmit sound waves to the middle ear and tympanic membrane

Converting sound waves into vibrations Ossicles: transmitting vibrations to the inner ear Cochlea: converting vibrations into auditory signals Auditory nerves:

Transmitting auditory signals to the brain 17, the sound emitted by objects can be controlled, and the way to make the sound of the can lighter is: cover it with your hands, plug your ears with cotton, wrap it in thick paper, make the can far away, shake the can gently, put a few beans, etc.

And what I translate into auditory signals, and I translate sound into auditory signals.

The cochlea has two main functions: "sound transmission function" and "sound sensing function". Clause.

1. Sound transmission function, that is, the sound received by the vestibular window is transmitted to the hair cells, and when the stapes moves inward, the cochlear membrane protrudes outward, resulting in a pressure difference between the vestibular step and the tympanic step, and then causes the vibration of the base membrane.

Second, the sensory function, that is, the conversion of the sound energy received by the spiral into the potential of the cochlear nerve. The inner edge of the basal membrane is attached to the bone spiral plate, and the inner edge of the operculum is connected with the spiral plate edge, and the attachment point of the eardrum is not on the same axis, so when it occurs staggered displacement shear movement, a shear force is generated between the basement membrane and the operculum, under the action of shear force, the cilia of the hair cell are bent or deflected, causing the hair cell to be excited, and the mechanical energy is converted into bioelectric energy, and the impulse attached to the bottom of the hair cell to the cochlear nerve ending.

Electrodes implanted in the cochlea replace the auditory hair cells in the cochlea, which can sense sounds of various frequencies and transmit them to the brain center through the auditory nerve.

How does the human ear hear sound?

Sound source Auricle (collects sound waves) External auditory canal (conducts sound waves) Eardrum (converts sound waves into vibrations) Cochlea (converts vibrations into nerve impulses) Auditory nerve (transmits impulses) Auditory center of the brain (forms hearing).