What are the scholars who deserve the Nobel Prize in Physics but ultimately fail to get their wish?

On October 5, 2015 local time, the Nobel Committee held a press conference to announce the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Chinese pharmacist Tu Youyou, Irish scientist William Campbell, and Japanese scientist Tomo Omura shared the award。As the Nobel Prizes are being announced, National Geographic's science writers and bloggers have taken stock of 10 breakthrough inventions or discoveries that have been ignored by the Nobel Prize Committee for many years.

The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three scientists who had made significant contributions to parasitic diseases, kicking off the annual Nobel Week — a period of frenzied anticipation and speculation comparable to the hopes of genius during America's annual March college basketball championship season. Speculation about who will win the Nobel Prize seems to have become a common practice, which makes National Geographic wonder: What amazing discoveries did not win the prize?

We asked popular science bloggers, science, and selected contributors at the National Geographic Phenomena Science Salon** to pick out their favorite advancements or inventions that didn't win an award.

When the National Geographic folks asked what they found that they deserved a Nobel Prize and didn't, my first instinct was to go to Twitter and ask my followers. After seeing a couple of recommendations, I googled "vicotent," "dark matter," and "embryonic stem cells" and looked at the presentations of these findings. Then it occurred to me that:

What could be more worthy of a Nobel Prize than this invention on which I now know about other inventions? <>

Many people wonder why the Nobel Prize was not awarded to one of the most significant achievements in science: the human genome mapping, completed in 2001. Maybe it's because it's so great.

For all its significance, the human genome is not a discovery or an inventionIt is an engineering project that needs to take automated DNA sequencing to an industrial level. Eric Lander, a scientist working on the Human Genome Project, said at the time, "You can't just twist the handle and win a Nobel Prize." ”

There are many, many of this, such as the famous Japanese writer Haruki Murakami, who had time to win the Nobel Prize, but by various opportunities, she didn't get it.

Scholars such as Gaymul and John Bell should have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, but they did not make it to the park.

If I remember correctly, there was a scholar named George, Gamow, who ran twice and failed to get his wish, and did not win the Nobel Prize in physics, but he was really high in physics.

The Nobel Prize is the lifelong pursuit of many people, and the Nobel Prize in Physics is the dream award of many people, but not everyone will get it.

Haruki Murakami, Japan's hottest writer, his works can be described as popular.

Gaymul, John Bell these scholars should be the Nobel Prize in physics Japanese literary scholar Haruki Murakami, his works are very popular.

For example, the Japanese literary scholar Haruki Murakami, his works are very popular.

There should be a lot of frustrated people in this, after all, many people want this look, but there are also many real people.

There are many of these, such as the famous Japanese writer Haruki Murakami, who had time to win the Nobel Prize, but did not get it due to various opportunities.

Because the Nobel Prize is divided into many types, the timing of the award is also different, and the results of the awards that have been announced so far are the winners of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, the Nobel Prize in Physics and the Nobel Prize in Literature. The 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics has been announced, and the announcement time is October 5, 2021, Beijing time. Let's talk!

One. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his "pioneering contributions to the understanding of complex physical systems".

As for the news of the Nobel Prize in Physics, I just treat it as a literary part, because my physics is extremely poor, so I can't understand what the criteria for winning the physics prize are? The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded in the field of complex physical systems, and there are three winners of this award: George, Parisi, Manabe Shuro and Klaus. Hasselman.

Hopefully, we will see the names of Chinese physicists when the next physics prize is announced.

Two. The gold content of the Nobel Prize in Physics.

As scientists, we all hope to win the Nobel Prize, so how high is the gold content of the Nobel Prize? Let's put it this way, the scientists who can win the Nobel Prize in physics are ranked among the best in the world, especially in the field of physics, the direction of research is more complex, and the Nobel Prize in physics is the highest goal of physicists around the world.

Three. What is the Nobel Prize?

Why do so many people want to win the Nobel Prize? What exactly is the Nobel Prize? The Nobel Prize is named after the chemist Nobel, which is an award established by the Nobel Prize to encourage professionals engaged in different fields of research.

The recipients were awarded for their pioneering contributions to "physical modelling of the Earth's climate, quantifying variability, and reliably raising global warming", which is truly remarkable.

He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his invention patent, which shows that this person is very talented and has his own research results.

The winner is the Nobel Prize in Physics for physical systems, which has proposed some theories and studies that are very useful to society.

The area in which the physics community is most likely to win the Nobel Prize in Physics for a major discovery right now is quantum mechanics (theory of physics). Because there are many unsolved problems in this field.

Quantum mechanics is a theory of physics, a branch of physics that studies the laws that govern the motion of microscopic particles in the physical world. It mainly studies the basic theories of atoms, molecules, condensed matter, as well as the structure and properties of atomic nuclei and elementary particles.

Together with the theory of relativity, it forms the theoretical basis of modern physics. Quantum mechanics is not only one of the fundamental theories of modern physics, but it is also widely used in chemistry and many modern technologies.

Winning the Nobel Prize is the dream of many scientific researchers. Since its establishment, the Nobel Prize has been the focus of the world, and winning the Nobel Prize is the highest recognition and praise for scientific researchers who have made contributions to their research fields.

But in our country, there are very few people who have won the Nobel Prize, and there have always been many scientists who regret passing by the Nobel Prize. There are only a handful of Nobel laureates who are Chinese nationals, and they are all the pride of our country.

The Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901, 1904-1908, 1911-1914, 1917-1924, 1926, 1928-1935, 1943-1950, 1966-1969 was awarded by one person.

The Nobel Prize in Physics was established by Nobel's will. The Prize is awarded to scientists who have made outstanding contributions to the field of human physics. Awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, candidates for the annual prize are recommended by scientists such as Swedish or foreign academicians of the Royal Swedish Academy of Natural Sciences, members of the Nobel Committee on Physics and Chemistry, scientists who have been awarded Nobel Prizes in Physics or Chemistry, professors of physics and chemistry in Uppsala, Lund, Oslo, Copenhagen, the University of Helsinki, the Karolinska Institutet and the Royal Institute of Technology, etc.

Every Nobel Prize presentation ceremony is held in the afternoon, because Nobel died at 4:30 p.m. on December 10, 1896. In order to commemorate this scientist who made great contributions to human progress and civilization, the ceremony was chosen to be held at the time of Nobel's death when the first award was presented in 1901.

This special practice has been carried over to this day.

Selection criteria for the Nobel Prize in Physics:

1. From September to January 31 of the following year, accept the candidates recommended by various Nobel Prizes.

2. Those who have the qualifications to recommend candidates are: previous Nobel laureates, members of the Nobel Prize Jury, specially designated university professors, invited professors of the Nobel Prize Jury, presidents of writers' associations (literary prizes), international conferences and organizations (Peace Prize).

3. Sweden** and Norway** have no right to interfere in the selection of the Nobel Prize, and cannot express support for or opposition to the recommended candidates.

4. From February 1 of each year, the Nobel Prize jury will screen and approve the recommended candidates, and the work will be kept strictly confidential.

5. On December 10 every year is the anniversary of the death of Nobel, and the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony is held in Stockholm and Oslo respectively, and the King of Sweden attends and awards the prize.

John Bardeen.

Born in Madison, Wisconsin, in 1908, Bardeen entered the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1923, where he received his bachelor's degree in 1928 and his master's degree in 1929. After graduating, Bardeen stayed on as a research assistant in electrical engineering.

From 1930 to 1933, Bardeen worked at the Bay Experimental Institute in Pittsburgh on methods for surveying the Earth's magnetic and gravitational fields. In 1933, Bardeen entered Princeton University, where he studied solid-state physics under Wegener's tutelage.

He was a research fellow at Harvard University from 1935 to 1938 and received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1936. From 1938 to 1941, Bardeen was an assistant professor at the University of Minnesota, from 1941 to 1945 at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory in Washington, D.C., and from 1945 to 1951 at the Experimental Institute of Bell ** Company, where he studied the conductive mechanism of semiconductors and metals, and the surface properties of semiconductors.

In 1947, he and his colleague Bratton invented the semiconductor transistor, and a month later, Shockley invented the PN transistor, and the three were jointly awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery of the transistor effect.

John Bardeen, an American physicist, is the only person to have won the Nobel Prize in Physics twice.

Theories that have won the Nobel Prize in Physics will not be found wrong in the future by others. The photoelectric effect is now widely used in the technology industry, proving its real existence and authenticity. It's already a foregone conclusion, and there is no way to refute it.

In order to refute, it is necessary to provide sufficient evidence and proof. According to the theory that gravity is a space-time distortion, an object moving at high speed will turn when it passes through a space-time depression, but an object moving at a low speed will fall into the bottom of the space-time depression instead of gravity falling into a large object, so Einstein's theory of relativity says that space-time distortion is wrong.

The giant of physics, the greatest physicist of modern times, Albert Einstein, the giant of Newton, many people only know his theory of relativity. When they think of Albert Einstein, they immediately think of his theory of relativity. But to be precise, the theory of relativity is the basis of some physics, that is, this foundation extends and expands the research direction of modern physics.

As for whether the theory of relativity is wrong, no one actually knows at the moment. If it was really wrong, it should have been discovered a long time ago.

You must have a lot to say about the Nobel Prize, especially the Nobel Peace Prize. Many Peace Prize laureates almost drowned in their saliva, but we are not talking today about controversial peace prizes, but serious scientific prizes! The first person to see this estimate was Albert Einstein.

In fact, Einstein won the Nobel Prize, but he won the Nobel Prize for the theory of optoelectronics. The world-famous theory of special relativity and general relativity did not win the Nobel Prize, which is somewhat puzzling!

Many people's articles also directly pointed out that the Nobel Prize selection committee did not understand the theory of relativity. This is indeed the case, especially in 1911 when the Swedish ophthalmologist Alvar Gulstrand was elected to the committee, and there was a certain bias against the theory of relativity, but he was not the main reason, but it was difficult to determine whether it was special or general relativity. The above is the answer to the question of whether the theory that won the Nobel Prize in physics will be found wrong after being verified by others in the future.

Of course not, because if this achievement can win the Nobel Prize, then it means that he is completely correct after countless times of practice and reasoning, so this will definitely not happen.

It's possible, after all, everything is possible, and the future development will be higher than the present, and many theories have been overturned before, even if they have won the Nobel Prize in physics, they are not necessarily absolutely correct and will not be overturned.