What was the previous sentence?

The Giver. Report to the Shaoqing book.

Han Dynasty) Taishi bull and horse went Sima Qian, and then bowed to him.

Shaoqing's foot: The person who insults the book, teaches to be cautious in receiving things, promotes the virtuous and enterprising, and is diligent and diligent.

If you want a servant to be a teacher, and to use the words of a layman, a servant would not dare to do so.

Although the servants are gone, they also taste the legacy of the elderly.

Gu thinks that his body is crippled, and he sees it when he moves, and he wants to gain and lose, so he is alone and depressed, and no one speaks.

As the proverb goes, "Who does it?" Who is going to listen to it? "Cover the bell period.

Dead, Boya will never play the piano again for life.

How? Scholars are used for confidants, and women are used for those who speak of themselves.

If the quality of the servant has been lacking, although the material is easy-going, if the line is easy-going, it will not be proud in the end, and it is enough to laugh and nod his ears.

The book should be answered, the east will come up, and the cheap things will be forced, and the meeting will be shallow, and the pawn will not need to be stopped.

In between, you have to do your best.

Today, Shaoqing is guilty of unforeseen crimes, involved in the tenth month, and forced the season to winter.

The servant is thin from Shangyong, and he is afraid that he will not be ashamed, but the servant will not be able to comfort his anger and be around, and the soul of the deceased will be endless.

Please be a little stubborn.

I haven't reported it for a long time, but it's not too much.

Servant Wenzhi: Self-cultivation, wisdom charm; Those who love to give are also benevolent; The giver is also the expression of righteousness; Those who are dishonored, brave and decided; Those who make a name are also extremely good.

Scholars have these five, and then they can be entrusted to the world and listed in the forest of gentlemen.

Therefore, the misfortune is not to be afraid of profit, the sorrow is not to be sad, the ugliness is not to be humiliated, and the criticism is greater than the palace punishment.

The house of wisdom of self-cultivation is also, and the love of benevolence is also.

The first two sentences of Ren in it are: Zixia.

He said: "Although there must be considerable people on the small road, Zhiyuan is afraid of mud, and it is not a gentleman." Zi Xia said: "The day knows what it is going to do, and the month does not forget what it can do, and it can be said that it is easy to learn." Zixia said: "Erudite and ambitious, ask questions and think closely."

Benevolence is in the mix. ”

Translation: Zixia said: "Although it is only a small skill, there must be considerable content; If you use it further to run through the lofty goals, I am afraid it will not work, so the gentleman is unwilling to pay attention to the small skills. ”

Zixia said: "Every day I learn something that I didn't know in the past, and every month I can't forget what I have learned, which can be called good learning." ”

Zixia said: "Reading a wide range of books and studying extensively, I remember it firmly, and I ask questions and think about issues that are relevant to me, and Juepai Ren is among them." ”

The first two sentences of "benevolence is in it" are "erudite and ambitious, inquiring and thinking".

Original text: Zi Xia said: "Erudite and ambitious, inquisitive and thoughtful, benevolence is in it." ”

Translation: Zixia said: "Studying extensively and keeping to one's own ambitions, asking questions earnestly and always thinking about what is in front of you, Ren is in the middle." ”

Source: "The Analects of Zizhang".

"Compassion is the end of benevolence" means: compassion is the beginning of benevolence. In Mencius's philosophy, human nature is inherently good and has four innate hearts, namely compassion, shame, resignation, and right and wrong.

These "four hearts" are the origin of the four moral categories of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom."

Everyone has a heart that can't bear to be human

Mencius: Pre-Qin

Mencius said: "Everyone has a heart that cannot bear others. The first king had the heart of not tolerating people, and Si had the government of not tolerating people.

With the heart of unbearable people, the government of unbearable people, and the palm of the world can be transported. Therefore, it is said that everyone has a heart that cannot bear others, and now people see that their children will enter the well, and they all have a heart of compassion; It is not because of the internal friendship with the parents of the children, not because of the reputation of the township party friends, and not because of the evil voice.

From the view, there is no compassion, and it is not human; No shame, no human being; The heart of resignation is not human; There is no heart of right and wrong, and there is no human being. The heart of compassion is also the end of benevolence; The heart of shame is also the end of righteousness; The heart of resignation, the end of courtesy; The heart of right and wrong, the end of wisdom. There are four ends of human beings, and there are four bodies.

There are those who are four-ended and claim that they can't, and those who are thieves; Those who say that their kings can't, thieves and their kings are also. Whoever has four ends in me, knowledge is expanded and filled, like the beginning of fire, the beginning of spring. If you can fill it, it is enough to protect the four seas; If you don't do it, it's not enough to help your parents. ”

The last sentence of Ren Zhiduan is compassion.

Excerpt from "Mencius, Gongsun Chou Chapter and Sentence I, Section 6": "The heart of compassion is also the end of benevolence; The heart of shame and evil is also the end of righteousness; The heart of resignation, the end of courtesy; The heart of right and wrong, the end of wisdom. ”

Explanation: Compassion is the beginning of benevolence; Shame is the beginning of righteousness; Giving up the heart is the beginning of the ceremony; Right and wrong is the beginning of the mind.

Appreciation: "Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom" are the four ethics advocated by Confucianism, and Mencius believed that people have benevolence and compassion, and it is easy to practice "benevolence". The "benevolent government" advocated by Mencius was formulated on the basis of benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom.

For example, there is no tax on goods stored in the market, and once the goods are overstocked, they will be purchased according to law, and farmers will not be charged rent for planting public land, and no population tax and land tax will be collected. If this is done, scholars, merchants, travelers, hawkers, artisans, and peasants will all be willing to come and attach themselves to it, and the people of the neighboring countries will also respect such a king as they do their parents.

About the Author:

Mencius (c. 372 B.C., 289 B.C.), name Ke, unknown characters (Ziyu, Ziju and other character lists are all from fake books, or apocryphal by later generations), in the middle of the Warring States Period, the Zou people of the Lu State (now Zoucheng, Shandong), not far from Confucius's hometown of Qufu.

Mencius was a famous thinker, politician, educator, inheritor of Confucius, and an important representative of Confucianism. According to legend, Mencius was a descendant of the Lu nobleman Mengsun clan, who lost his father at an early age and had a poor family.

After completing his studies, he lobbied the princes as a scholar in an attempt to promote his own political ideas, and went to the Liang (Wei) State, the Qi State, the Song State, the Teng State, and the Lu State. At that time, several major powers were committed to enriching the country and strengthening the army, striving to achieve reunification by means of force. And he inherited Confucius's idea of "benevolence" and developed it into a "benevolent government" thinking and reasoning, and was called "Yasheng".

The heart of compassion is also the end of benevolence;

Compassion is the beginning of benevolence, and shame is the beginning of righteousness.

From the sixth chapter of Meng Ke's "Mencius: Gongsun Choushang" of the Warring States period. The inner sensitivity of the whole sentence is: compassion, the end of benevolence; The heart of shame is also the end of righteousness; The heart of resignation, the end of the ceremony is also eliminated; The heart of right and wrong, the end of wisdom.

Translation: Compassion is the beginning of benevolence, shame is the beginning of righteousness, humility is the beginning of courtesy, and right and wrong is the beginning of wisdom. Man has these four beginnings, just as he has limbs.

Mencius: Gongsun Choushang is one of the Confucian classics "Mencius", which records some of Mencius's words and deeds. In this article, the emphasis is on the "four ends", which are the four virtues that Confucianism should have, an important content of Mencius's thought, and an important contribution to his pre-Qin Confucian theory. Mencius's theories of goodness, benevolence, and benevolence are all related to the "four ends" theory, and they are all based on the "four ends".

It can be said that the proposal of the "four ends" theory really marks the maturity of Mencius's thought. Mencius believed that human nature is inherently good, and that all people have a heart that cannot bear others, and the heart of forbearance includes compassion, shame, resignation, and right and wrong. <>

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The last sentence of Ren Zhiduan is compassion. The end of compassion and benevolence is also an ancient saying, which means that having a compassionate heart is the root of benevolence. Compassion refers to a deep compassion that allows people to feel the suffering of others, and Shenyin Xunji deeply feels the suffering of others, and inspires acts of kindness from prosperity.

People with compassion will put the interests of others above their own, they will take the pain of others as their own, and they will try to help others in order to soothe the pain of others. Therefore, compassion is the root of kindness, and only those who have compassion are able to show true kindness. <>

The last sentence of benevolence is compassion.

Compassion also means that having a compassionate heart is the highest state of benevolence and righteousness. Here, compassion means compassion when we see someone else in trouble or misfortune.

This passage is from "Mencius", and the full sentence is: the heart of compassion, the end of benevolence; The heart of shame is also the end of righteousness; The heart of resignation, the end of courtesy; The heart of right and wrong, the end of wisdom shouting enlightenment.

Compassion is human nature, and when compassion develops into universal acts of kindness, it becomes benevolence. Therefore, the origin of benevolence is compassion. Mencius is to tell everyone that becoming benevolent and righteous is not a noble act that is difficult for a husband to do, but something that everyone can obtain, as long as you can carry forward your own compassion.

Introduction to Mencius:

Mencius is a classic work of Confucianism, which was listed as one of the four books by Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty. The work mainly records Mencius's statecraft and political strategy, which emphasizes the importance of people, and takes the lead in putting forward the idea of the people's noble and the king's lightness, and the core of the thought is the word Zheng Ru, which simply put: cultivate your own mind, you can influence the world from the inside out, and the so-called inner sage and outer king is this meaning.

This had an extremely profound impact on the later Cheng Zhu theory and Yang Ming psychology.

The Hanshu Art and Literature Chronicles recorded eleven articles of Mencius, of which seven and fourteen volumes exist. The total number of words is more than 35,000 words, 260 chapters. According to legend, there are four other "Mencius Outer Books", which have been lost (this "Mencius Outer Books" is a forgery of Ming Yao Shiqi).