The structure of the Great Wall mainly consists of what parts 5

Great Wall Pass Jiayu Pass, Shanhaiguan, Juyong Pass, Yumen Pass, Jingcheng Pass, Niangzi Pass, Yanmen Pass, Yatou Pass, Pingxing Pass, Gubeikou, Xifengkou, Yulinsai, Huangya Pass, Waqiao Pass, Hushan Great Wall, Yahu Pass, Niuzhuang City, Fenshui Pass, Ningyuan City, Yangguan, Pingdingbao City, Qingyang Pass, Xin'an Pass, Zhenyuan Pass, Jinzhou City, Mashuikou, Backward Horse Pass, Nine Gates, Laolongtou, Dongjiakou, Liujiakou, Malan Pass, Xinkai, Jianling Pass, Jinshanling, Dushikou, Zhangjiakou, Mashikou, Yangfangbaoguan, Shuikou Pass, Bauhinia Pass, Xuanhua City, Santunying, Sandaoguan, Damaoshan Pass, Yiyuankou, Jielingkou, Chongyukou, Xuliukou, Lengkou Pass, Baiyangyu Pass, Qingshan Pass, Tiemen Pass, Panjiakou, Longjing Pass, Hongshankou, Shangguan, Changyukou, Wolfwogoukou, Xinhekou, Baishikou Pass, Futuyuguan, Wulonggou Pass, Feihukou, Widow's Building, Simatai, Mutianyuguan, Yanhecheng, Jiangjunguan, Baima Pass, Lupi Pass, Hefangkou, Lianhuachi Pass, Huanghuacheng Pass, Bangdaokou Pass, Jiukonglou, Sihai Yekou, Juyansai Ancient City, Jilusai, Gaoquesai, Datong City, Kill Tiger Pass, Weilu Fort Pass, Jinsuo Pass, Huang Ze Pass, Huang Yu Pass, Beilou Pass, Ningwu Pass, Limin Fort Pass, Desheng Pass, Zhenhong Fort Pass, Pingyuan Fort, Xinping Fort Pass, Baoping Fort Pass, Huamen Fort Mouth, Wayaokou Fort, Zhenning Fort Pass, Zhenkou Fort Mouth, Shoukou Fort Pass, Zhenbian Fort , Zhenchuan Fort Mouth, Hongci Fort Pass, Zhenqiang Fort Pass, Blocking Wall Fort Pass, Blocking Gate Fort Pass, Zhuma Fort Pass, Polu Fort Pass, Baoan Fort Pass, Ninglu Fort Pass, Pohu Fort Pass, Remnant Tiger Fort Pass, Mabao Pass, Yunshi Fort Pass, Shaojiabaokou, Dahebaokou, Defeated Tiger Fort Pass, Ying'en Fort Pass, Zhuhu Fort Pass, Jiangjunhui Fort, Yajiao Mountain, Laoying Fort, Red Gate, Laoniuwan Fort, Yangfangkou, Baicao Pass, Guangwu City, Beiloukou, Langya Pass, Longquan Pass, Guguan, Hedu Lingkou, Maling Pass, Zhiguo Lingkou, Junji Pass, Wuqi Qin Great Wall, Wei Great Wall South Starting Point, Dingbian City, Gaojiabao, Zhenbeitai, Tongwancheng, Hancheng Wei Great Wall, Huangfuchuan Fort, etc.

Jiayuguan, Shanhaiguan, Juyongguan, Yumen Pass, Jingcheng Pass, Niangzi Pass, Yanmen Pass, Yatou Pass, Pingxingguan, Gubeikou, Xifengkou, Yulinsai, Huangyaguan, Waqiaoguan, Hushan Great Wall, Yahu Pass, Niuzhuang City, Fenshui Pass, Ningyuan City, Yangguan, Pingdingbaocheng, Qingyang Pass, Xin'an Pass, Zhenyuan Pass, Jinzhou City, Mashuikou, Baomaguan, Jiumenkou, Laolongtou, Dongjiakou, Liujiakou, Malan Pass, Xinkai, Jianling Pass, Jinshanling, Dushikou, Zhangjiakou, Mashikou, Yangfangbao Pass, Shuikou Pass, Bauhinia Pass, Xuanhua City, Santunying, Sandaoguan, Damaoshan Pass, Yiyuankou, Jielingkou, Chongyukou, Xuliukou, Lengkou, Baiyangyuguan, Qingshan Pass, Tiemen Pass, Panjiakou, Longjing Pass, Hongshankou, Shangguan, Changyukou, Wolf's Nest Gully, Xinhekou, Baishikou Pass, Futuyuguan, Wulonggou Pass, Feihukou, Widow's Building, Simatai, Mutianyuguan, Yanhecheng, Jiangjun Pass, Baima Pass, Lupi Pass, Hefang Pass, Lianhuachi Pass, Huanghuacheng Pass, Bangdaokou Pass, Jiukonglou, Sihai Yekou, Juyansai Ancient City, Jilusai, Gaoquesai, Datong City, Kill Tiger Pass, Weilu Fort Pass, Jinsuo Pass, Huang Ze Pass, Huang Yu Pass, Beilou Pass, Ningwu Pass, Limin Fort Pass, Desheng Pass, Zhenhong Fort Pass, Pingyuan Fort, Xinping Fort Pass, Baoping Fort Pass, Huamen Fort, Wayaokou Fort, Zhenning Fort Pass, Zhenkou Fort Mouth, Zhenkou Fort Pass, Zhenbian Fort Pass, Zhenchuan Fort Pass, Hongci Fort Pass, Zhenqiang Fort Pass, Refusal Fort Mouth, Refusal Fort Mouth, Zhuma Fort Pass, Polu Fort Pass, Baoan Fort Pass, Ninglu Fort Pass, Pohu Fort Pass, Remnant Tiger Fort Pass, Mabao Pass, Yunshi Fort Pass, Shaojia Fort Pass, Dahebaokou, Defeated Tiger Fort Pass, Ying'en Fort Pass, Zhuhu Fort Pass, Jiangjunhui Fort, Yajiao Mountain, Laoying Fort, Red Gate, Laoniuwan Fort, Yangfangkou, Baicao Pass, Guangwu City, Beiloukou, Langyakou, Longquan Pass, Guguan, Hedu Lingkou, Maling Pass, Zhiguo Lingkou, Junji Pass, Wuqi Qin Great Wall, Wei Great Wall South Starting Point, Dingbian City, Gaojiabao, Zhenbeitai, Tongwancheng, Hancheng Wei Great Wall, Huangfuchuan Fort, Qi Great Wall and so on.

The top of the city wall, paved with three or four layers of bricks, is square bricks, with lime joints.

The Great Wall is composed of a variety of fortifications such as city walls, enemy towers, gates, fortresses, camps, guards, and beacon towers in the town city.

The walls of the Great Wall were the main part of this defensive project; On the top of the city wall, the inner side is set up with a wall, more than one meter high, in case the patrol soldiers fall, the outer side is provided with a battlement wall, about 2 meters high, the upper part of the battlement wall is provided with a lookout, and the lower part has a shooting hole and a stone hole, in order to ** the enemy situation and shooting, rolling the stone. Some important walls were built on top of the walls to resist enemies who might climb the walls. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, when Qi Jimao, a famous anti-Japanese general, imitated the light and was appointed as the chief soldier of Jizhen, he made a major improvement to the fortifications of the Great Wall, and set up an enemy tower or enemy platform on the top of the city leather wall to accommodate patrol soldiers and store food and socks, so that the defensive function of the Great Wall was greatly strengthened.

Guancheng is the most concentrated defensive stronghold on the defense line of the Great Wall; The role of the beacon tower is to serve as a facility for transmitting military information.

City wall pass, city enemy tower, beacon tower guard, etc.

As a defensive project, the Great Wall is mainly composed of passes, city walls, and beacon towers.

Consists of 3 parts.

1. Pass:

The pass is generally composed of the square or polygonal city wall, city gate, city gate tower, and urn city of the pass.

Compose. There are also Luo Castle and moats. Among them, the city wall is the main project of the Great Wall, and the inner and outer eaves walls are mostly covered with huge bricks and stones, filled with loess and gravel, and the height is generally about 10 meters.

The top is 4 5 meters wide, and there are horse paths and stairways for the upper and lower city walls. On the outer eaves of the Tushi city wall, there are battlements for lookouts and shooting, and on the inner eaves wall, there is a Yu wall (or women's wall) about 1 meter high.

2. City wall: The city wall is the link that connects Xiongguan, passes, enemy platforms, etc. The average height is about 7 8 meters, and the walls are relatively low in the steep hills.

The average width of the wall base is about one meter, the top is wide one meter, and the section is small and large into a trapezoid. The wall knots mainly include plate rammed earth walls, adobe walls, brick walls, etc. Other structural facilities are:

Coupon door. Battlements. Castle Tower.

3. Beacon:

The beacon tower is a building that uses beacon fire and smoke to transmit military information.

on 21 Jun 2020

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As a defensive project, the Great Wall is mainly composed of three parts: passes, city walls, and beacon towers.

1. Pass:

The pass is generally composed of a square or polygonal city wall, a city gate, a city gate tower, and an urn city. There are also Luo Cheng and Guess Xiao Moat. Among them, the city wall is the main project of the Great Wall, and the inner and outer eaves walls are mostly covered with giant bricks and stones, filled with loess and gravel, and the height is generally about 10 meters.

The top is 4 5 meters wide, and there are horse paths and stairways for the upper and lower city walls. On the outer eaves of the city wall, there are battlements for lookouts and shooting, and on the inner eaves wall, there is a wall (or women's wall) about 1 meter high.

2. City wall: The city wall is the link that connects Xiongguan, passes, enemy platforms, etc. The average height is about 7.8 meters, and in places with steep hills, the walls are relatively low.

The average width of the wall base is about one meter, the top is wide one meter, and the section is small and large into a trapezoid. The wall knots mainly include plate rammed earth walls, adobe walls, brick walls, etc. Other structural facilities are:

Coupon door. Battlements. Castle Tower.

3. Beacon:

The beacon tower is a building that uses beacon fire and smoke to transmit military information.

The Great Wall is mainly composed of walls, beacons, castles, and gates, and the functions of each part are:

1. Wall

The wall is the main part of the defense against the enemy, and its total thickness is wide, the width of the foundation is meters, and the average width of the floor on the wall is also meters, so as to ensure that two baggage wagons are parallel.

2. Beacon

The Great Wall system has a large number of beacons (beacons) as an intelligence transmission system, which is the oldest but effective way of transmitting information. In ancient times, there were two kinds of border alarm signals, in the event of an enemy situation, the smoke during the day was called "Feng", and the fire at night was called "Sui", and the stations were connected to transmit information.

3. Castle

The castle is divided into an acropolis, a garrison or a dry city and a fortress according to the rank, and is arranged on the inner side of the Great Wall according to the requirements of the defense system and military system, and there are those outside the wall.

4. Guancheng

Guancheng is the most concentrated defensive stronghold on the defense line of the Great Wall; The location of the fortress is very important, and it is chosen in a favorable terrain to receive the effect of resisting the powerful invaders with a very small number of troops.

The appearance and structure of the Great Wall.

The average height of the walls is meters, with some sections reaching as high as 14 meters. Where the hills are steep, they are built relatively low, and the flat places are built higher; It is higher in the most important places and lower in the general area.

The wall is the main part of the defense against the enemy, its total thickness is wider, the width of the foundation is meters, and the average width of the floor on the wall is also meters. The wall is composed of an outer eaves wall and an inner eaves wall, and the interior is filled with earth and gravel.