What is the difference between the Records of the Chronicles and the other three books of the same p

According to the character record is called the chronicle style, such as "Historical Records"; Chronological records are called chronicles, such as "Zizhi Tongjian" and "Zuo Chuan"; Only the history of one dynasty is called the history of the dynasty, such as the Book of Han. It is called a general history from antiquity to the author's era (or before the author's time), such as "Historical Records" and "Zizhi Tongjian"; According to the country, it is called the national body, such as "Chinese" and "Warring States Policy".

According to the age of writing: Zuo Chuan (Spring and Autumn) Chinese (early Warring States) Warring States Policy (Warring States Pre-Qin) Shiji (Western Han) Hanshu (Eastern Han) Zizhi Tongjian (Northern Song Dynasty).

Zuo Biography is essentially an independently written history book. It began in the first year of Lu Yin (722 BC) and ended in the fourteenth year of Lu Mourning (453 BC).

The Chinese begins in the twelfth year of King Mu of Zhou (990 BC) and ends with the Western Expedition to Inurong (c. 947 BC) to the destruction of Zhibo (453 BC).

The history recorded in the Warring States Policy starts with the destruction of the Fan clan by Zhibo in 490 BC and ends in 221 BC when Gao gradually left to attack Qin Shi Huang.

The Records of the Chronicles records a history of more than 3,000 years from the time of the legendary Yellow Emperor in ancient China to the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (122 BC).

The Book of Han mainly describes the historical events of 230 years from the first year of Han Gaozu (206 BC) in the Western Han Dynasty to the fourth year of Wang Mangdi Emperor (23 AD) in the New Dynasty.

The history recorded in Zizhi Tongjian was written from the 23rd year of King Weilie of Zhou (403 BC) to the 6th year of Emperor Shizong Xiande of the Later Zhou Dynasty (959 AD) of the fifth dynasty to conquer Huainan, spanning 16 dynasties, a total of 1363 years of detailed history.

Let me tell you the biggest difference between them: historical records are written in literary style, and a lot of "history" happened between two people, how will future generations know? How does Tai Shi Gong know?

Obviously, there is a lot of conjecture and apocryphal elements in this. Personally, I think that it is more appropriate to exclude the "Historical Records" from the list of official histories and classify them as romances. Of course, this is only the opinion of some people, including many historians.

Warring States Policy. Zuo Chuan, the Chinese language was written during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the Zizhi Tongjian was written in the Song Dynasty, and the Hanshu was written in the Jin Dynasty.

The historical records are similar to the Zizhi Tongjian, which records the content of the historical records. After Sima Qian's death, there is no Zizhi Tongjian in the historical records.

Turning left to the Chinese Warring States Policy and the events recorded with the historical records may exist, but the recording method is different.

The Historical Records and the Book of Han, the Book of the Later Han, and the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms are known as the Four Histories. The difference between the Records of the Historians and the other three historical books is that the Records of the Historians is the first general history of the Chronicles, and the other three are all dynastic histories.

What are the three historical books of the "other three historical books"? The history books of our country are vast.

The Records of the Historian is the first general history of China.

The best version of "Historical Records" is the Chung Hwa Book Company's school book.

1. Chung Hwa Book Company points to the school book.

This version is the classic version, currently recognized as the "best version". It is based on Jinling Bookstore, supplemented by three notes: (Liu Song) Pei Chu's "Collection of Historical Records", (Tang) Sima Zhen's "Historical Records Suoyin", and (Tang) Zhang Shoujie's "Historical Justice".

Segmented punctuation, with three notes after each paragraph, marked with a number. Simplified horizontal type.

2, Song Ben Huang Shanfu version.

The earliest version of the Three Commentaries is also the most complete version of the Historical Records in existence. (The so-called completeness is relative.) The "Historical Records" has successively absorbed and corrected a lot of content in the subsequent inheritance. Each article is followed by a vernacular translation, both academic and popular.

3. (Japanese) Takigawa Ziyan Edition "Historical Records Society Annotation Certificate".

Based on Jinling Bookstore, it includes three notes; At the same time, it refers to more than 120 kinds of materials in Chinese and Japanese classics. Among them, the pre-Song version of the "Historical Records" circulated in Japan; Proofreading results by Japanese scholars; After synthesizing various classics and adding their own research results, they are supplemented in the form of "research" at the end of the three notes. In particular, the research on ancient and modern place names is quite powerful.

4. Full annotation and translation of vernacular historical records.

Not marked, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Press. The base of Jinling Bookstore, without three notes. There's a lot to be desired, though

The annotations are detailed and the translation is smooth, especially absorbing the research results of modern historiography and archaeology, and a large number of supplementary notes have been made on the basis of the previous three annotations. It is a good reference material.

The Records of the Historian is a biographical history book, and it is also a biographical literary work with a strong literary value. The disadvantage of his literary achievements is mainly manifested in:

1) Created a colorful character image.

"Historical Records" is the first character-centered biographical literary creation in ancient China, reflecting history by writing people, so the whole book records from the emperor to the emperor and the generals, down to the assassins, rangers, advocates, merchants, doctors and many other small figures, constituting a rich gallery of characters. These characters not only have the commonality of various classes, strata and eras, but also have distinct and unique personalities, which are full of typicality. Such as Zhang Liang's good strategy, Xiang Yu's bravery, Liu Bang's treacherousness, Han Xin's wisdom, Shang Ying's meanness, Li Si's greed, Li Guang's good shooting, etc.

This is because Sima Qian appropriately used some methods to create a persona.

2) Plan the layout and ingenuity.

3) Strong lyricism.

4) The language is vigorous, simple and clumsy, with a sense of momentum and rhythm.

The Records of the Historian is the first general history in Chinese history, which covers the history of more than 3,000 years from the era of the legendary Emperor Huang Cha to the first four years of Emperor Wu of the Qing and Han dynasties.