Why can oil, gasoline and kerosene be separated by distillation

Gasoline and kerosene are one of the boiling range distillation products in petroleum, and their boiling range is different, so use this to separate. Other petroleum products include diesel, petroleum ether, bitumen, etc. They are all mixtures.

It's just that the boiling range is different. The concept of boiling point is not used here, because it is actually a product that is distilled between a certain temperature, not a very precise temperature point.

The lower end of the distillation column is heated, and the higher it goes, the lower the temperature, so the high boiling point is separated from the bottom, and the low boiling point is separated from the upper end.

Any flammable and explosive substance must be mixed with a certain proportion of oxygen before it can be **, and this proportion interval is called ** range. Flammable and explosive substances that are not in this ratio range will not burn even if heated to the point of ignition. The ** range of hydrogen is the widest, between 3% and 94%, so it is considered that hydrogen is a very dangerous flammable and explosive substance, and flour is also a flammable and explosive substance, but the ** range is very narrow and is often ignored.

First of all, you must understand the principle of distillation, which is to separate substances with different boiling points

The density of the matter is not the same, and the molecular structure is not the same. So it can be discerned,

The carbon content is different, so the boiling point is different.

Take advantage of the principle of their different densities.

Because the MX3 is hot enough.

1. The process of isolating coal from air and strengthening heat to decompose it is called dry distillation of coal.

There are three main products of coal dry distillation: furnace gas; Coal tar; Coke.

The coke oven gas in the furnace gas mainly contains hydrogen, methane, ethylene, and carbon monoxide, which is used as gas fuel and chemical raw materials; The crude ammonia water in the furnace gas contains ammonia and ammonium salts, which are used as nitrogen fertilizers; The crude benzene in furnace gas contains benzene, toluene, and xylene, which are used to make explosives, dyes, medicines, pesticides, and synthetic materials.

Coal tar also contains crude benzene; It also contains phenols and naphthalene, which are used as dyes, medicines, pesticides, and synthetic materials.

Coke contains carbon, which is used as a metallurgy, fuel, synthetic ammonia, and other worldly evils.

2. The fractional distillation of the petroleum is a method of separating a mixture of several different boiling points in petroleum, which belongs to physical changes.

1. Most of the petroleum residue fraction products belong to aliphatic hydrocarbons, including natural leasing beam gas, petroleum ether, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, paraffin, asphalt, mainly used in fuel and organic solvents, and the fraction above C24 can also be used for mechanical lubrication.

2. After the deallotation reaction, the petroleum brain can be used as gasoline and aviation fuel oil, and the light petroleum brain can be reacted by the media group to produce high-octane gasoline or petrochemical raw materials, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc., and can also produce ethylene, propylene, butene, pentane, aromatic hydrocarbons and soot through cracking or hydrocracking reaction to produce gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas.

<>1. Petroleum fractionation products are mostly aliphatic hydrocarbons, including natural gas, petroleum ether, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, paraffin, asphalt, and reeds are mainly used in fuels and organic solvents, and fractions above C24 can also be used for mechanical lubrication.

2. After the deallotation reaction, the petroleum brain can be used as gasoline and aviation fuel oil, and the light petroleum brain can be reacted by the media group to produce high-octane trace gasoline or petrochemical raw materials, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc., and can also be cracked to produce ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentane, aromatic hydrocarbons and soot, or through hydrocracking reaction, gasoline and liquid slag agitated petroleum gas.

1. The dry distillation of coal is a chemical change, while the fractionation of oil is a physical change. Because the dry distillation of coal refers to the heating of coal under the condition of air isolation into various gases, vapors and solid residues; Petroleum fractionation refers to a method of separating various substances through the different boiling points of the substances contained in petroleum, and no new substances are formed in the process.

2. The temperature required for the dry distillation of different substances varies greatly, which can range from more than 100 (such as wood dry distillation) to about 1000 (such as coal high temperature dry distillation). The pressure can be atmospheric or decompressed. The relative quantities of gas, liquid and solid products obtained by dry distillation vary with the change of heating temperature and time, such as low temperature dry distillation, more liquid products can be obtained.

Summary. After 1kg of petroleum is fractionated, it can fractionate 250g of petroleum gas, 300g of solvent oil, 100g of gasoline, 200g of kerosene, 200g of diesel, etc.

How much liquefied petroleum gas, solvent oil, gasoline, kerosene, diesel and so on can be fractionated after 1kg of oil is fractionated?

After fractionation, 1kg of stone scale oil can be divided into 250g of liquefied petroleum gas, 300g of solvent oil, 100g of gasoline, 200g of kerosene, 200g of diesel, etc.

Analysis: 1kg of original chain brigade oil can only obtain about 250g of light liquid body fuel after fractionation, of which about 100g of gasoline is only about 100g; But he was smothered and could get a lot of heavy oil.

Which one is true?

It is true that there are specific values.

So why is 1kg of petroleum fractionated to be more than 1kg?

Because LPG contains gases such as nitrogen.

1kg of petroleum fractionation = 1kg of petroleum plus impurities greater than 1kg