What are the shortcomings of the use of wooden structures in ancient Chinese architecture?

There is nothing to be left short at all.

The traditional building pillar is made of a whole piece of wood, and the wall is not responsible for the support, so the wall is generally very thin and can just play a role in isolating the space to pass the pass, the so-called partition wall has ears refers to this situation, which is impossible to achieve in the Western building where the wall is loaded.

And because of this advantage, it is possible to open a large area of windows on the wall, and the light in the interior of ancient buildings is generally very abundant, while the interior of Western buildings is dark, and even during the day, torches are usually used.

The only drawback is that because the height that trees can usually reach, the height is naturally limited, so the traditional Chinese architecture is developed on the plane, and the high-rise building construction technology on the three-dimensional is always not very developed.

As for what wood is easy to decay, it is nonsense, China's use of wood has developed to the extreme, most of the qualified building wood can be preserved for more than a thousand years, but the soil and stone will often collapse after a hundred years, the reason why China does not have many buildings of more than 1,000 years, the most important thing is the war, completely copy China's mud bombardment (the foundation has not been learned, so top-heavy) The buildings of the Sui and Tang dynasties have been preserved a lot, so the wood building is not good to preserve, this article is not valid in China at all.

Speaking of fires, most of the ancient buildings in Europe are mixed with wood and stone, and the pure stone structure is only a few, so the fire is still over together, and the civilian houses are mostly mixed with mud, wood, grass and stone, which is more cold than in ancient China, and London has been completely burned down by fire several times in Shakespeare's era, and cities in other European countries are similar, but there is basically no such large-scale fire in the Chinese history books (except for the deliberate arson of the war).

Sturdy, practical, beautiful, durable, these elements of the building in ancient China compared to the West is not bad at all, in the practical convenience is greatly outstanding, there is no deficiency at all, is in the high-rise technology is a lot worse, but we have developed the cloister pavilion garden, it is also worthy of.

In principle, the modern reinforced concrete clay technology is exactly the same as the inter-arch structure of the Chinese building.

To sum up, the ancient buildings were completely qualified in terms of use, aesthetics, and preservation at that time, and they were only higher than the rest of the world at the same time, and it would be unfair to be stronger than modern buildings.

Most of the buildings with wooden structures do not have high bearing capacity, and because the strength of wood is not high, the durability is not good enough, so most of the buildings made of wood do not have a long lifespan, especially they are easy to be damaged by insect erosion, so most of the wooden buildings are not long, and they will be crumbling until they are damaged after a few decades.

Flammability, which is the biggest and only problem that cannot be effectively solved in ancient buildings.

On the first floor, the wooden structure is not very easy to collapse.

There are other problems explained in the reference, as for insect moth, there were also antiseptic and insect control treatments in ancient times. So it's not the biggest problem.

It is easy to collapse, decay, and fire prevention is not good.

The main disadvantage is that the fire is not good.

In ancient architecture, the wooden construction is mainly divided into ().

a.Interspersed.

b.Wear the code trillion bucket style.

c.Beam lifting.

d.Well dry type.

The answer is clear: BCD

1. The area where the early Chinese culture was formed was rich in wood, while stone was scarce, and wood processing was easy;

2. Economy, one is the low economic level in ancient China, and the other is that wood structure building is the most economical technical solution, which is reflected in the short construction time, less materials, and labor saving;

3. Early social system, in the period of slavery, because masonry construction required a large number of laborers to work intensively, but in the early stage of the formation of Chinese culture, China did not have a mature and strict slave system, so it was impossible to realize masonry structure building.

Advantages: (1) Convenient access to materials.

In ancient times, China's vast land was full of dense forests, including the Yellow River Valley, which was also a region with a warm climate and lush forests. In addition, wood is easy to process, and stone tools can be used to complete processes such as cutting, cutting, leveling, and mortise and tenon joints (although the processing is very rough). With the use of bronze tools and later iron axes, catties, saws, chisels, drills, planers and other tools, the technical level of wooden structures has been rapidly improved, and thus formed a unique and mature construction technology and art system in China.

2) Adaptable.

Wooden frame building is made of columns, beams, purlins, fangs and other components to form a frame to bear the load of the roof, the floor and the wind, the first force, the wall is not load-bearing, only plays the role of enclosure, separation and stability of the column, so there is a folk proverb that "the wall does not collapse". The interior of the house can be divided more freely, and the doors and windows can also be opened and closed at will. The flexibility of use is large, the adaptability is strong, and it can meet the requirements of use regardless of the water town, mountainous area, cold zone, and tropical.

3) Strong seismic performance.

The composition of the wood frame adopts the combination of mortise and tenon joints, the flexibility of the wood itself and the tenon and tenon joints have a certain degree of mobility, so that the whole wood frame has great potential in reducing the damage of the first force, and many famous wooden frame buildings that have undergone large ** such as the Guanyin Pavilion of Dule Temple in Jixian County, Tianjin, and the Buddha Palace Temple Tower in Yingxian County, Shanxi (both are Liao Dynasty buildings, built for thousands of years) can. The fact that it has been well preserved to this day is a strong proof of this.

4) The construction speed is fast.

Wood processing is much faster than stone, and after the Tang and Song dynasties, a method similar to today's building modulus system was used (Song Dynasty used "wood", Qing Dynasty used "bucket mouth"), and the style of various wood components has also been finalized, so various wood components can be processed at the same time, and then combined and assembled after being made. Therefore, some churches in ancient Europe often took more than 100 years to complete, and Ming Chengzu built large-scale buildings such as the Beijing Palace and the Ten Princes' Mansion, and it only took more than ten years from preparation to completion. It took only 3 years to build the three major halls of the Forbidden City during the Jiajing period, and the reconstruction of the Yongshou Palace in Xiyuan was completed in only "ten days" (100 days) after the burning of the Xiyuan Palace.

5) It is convenient for repair and relocation.

The mortise and tenon joints are removable, and it is relatively easy to replace a certain component or dismantle and relocate the entire house. In history, there are also examples of palaces and temples demolished and rebuilt, such as Yongle Palace in Yongji County, Shanxi Province, which is a representative Taoist temple of the Yuan Dynasty, and the overall building complex has been demolished and relocated to Ruicheng County in the 50s of the 20th century.

2。Anti-corrosion work is more difficult, although there is paint on the outside, and the application of good wood, it is inevitable that there is a risk of corrosion by insects and other corrosion.

Advantages: strong anti-** ability; Able to adapt to a variety of terrain environments; The material is simple and easy to process, but there are quite a lot.

Disadvantages: The construction period is long, and it takes a lot of manpower; Relying on experience, the wood structure skills handed down are exquisite, although there are drawings, but many of them are difficult for modern people to imagine out of thin air; Large-scale buildings have higher requirements for timber construction, but modern timber construction can be solved in other ways.