Which of the four fundamental forces is a chemical bond

The ionic bond in the chemical bond is the electromagnetic force among the four fundamental forces.

The four basic forces, in order of strength and weakness, are:

1. Strong force - binding force in nucleons - effective range 10 -12 cm.

2 Electromagnetic force (1 137 of strong force - fine structure constant) - effective range: remote force.

The binding force in the atom and the binding force in the molecule (and the Vandava force between the molecules) 3 weak force (about 1 100,000 of the strong force) - effective range 10 -16 cm - the ability of the sun to radiate light.

4 gravitational force (about 10 1/40 of the strong force) - the binding force of the solar system - effective range: long-range force.

These four forces are transmitted by four bosons respectively (see the four figures below).

1 Particles that transmit strong nuclear forces: model diagram of the internal structure of gluons.

2Particles that transmit electromagnetic force: a model diagram of the internal structure of photons.

3Particles that transmit weak nuclear forces: model diagram of the internal structure of w and z bosons.

4 Particles that transmit gravitational force: a model of the internal structure of the gravitational (gravitational) hapton.

The number in the figure represents the smallest unit of indivisible positive and negative electromagnetic information - qubits (qubits) by the famous physicist John. John Wheeler famously said, "It from bit."

After the development of quantum information research, this concept was sublimated to the point that everything originates from qubits) Note: Bits are bits.

Gravitational interaction, electromagnetic interaction, strong interaction, weak interaction, four basic forces, four kinds of forces cover the forces of the universe, and friction are electromagnetic interactions.

No, ionic bonding, is an electrostatic action, including electrostatic attraction, repulsive covalent bond, which is the action of atoms on the force between pairs of shared electrons.

If the nucleus is larger, the more charge it carries, and the stronger the ionic bond.

The closer you are to the nucleus, the larger the atom and the stronger the force acts.

The ionic bond in chemistry can be understood as a magnetic force, but it includes the suction and repulsion forces that balance each other;

Covalent bonds, in which two or more atoms share their outer electrons, ideally reach a state of electron saturation, which is also mutually constrained by several forces;

The strength of the key can be compared by the magnitude of the fundamental force.

Ionic bonds are formed by the gain and loss of electrons between atoms to form anions and cations, and then anions and cations are formed by electrostatic reaction; Covalent bonds are formed between atoms by sharing electron pairs, there are no electrons gained or lost between atoms, and there are no anions and cations in the compounds formed.

Magnitude of force: covalent bond" ionic bond.

Human beings have been pursuing the essence of the universe, and the energy of all things in the world is actually composed of four basic forces. They are gravitational force, electromagnetic force, weak nuclear force, strong nuclear force. These four fundamental forces have different divisions of labor and different roles, but they are also indispensable basic forces in this world and the universe.

……Gravitation.

copy: gravitational force. Transmitted by gravitational hawton, it is directly proportional to the mass and inversely proportional to the distance du. Long.

Zhi force, the weakest of the four DAO forces. Can warp time and space.

Electromagnetic force: The same positive or negative charge (magnetic level) is the repulsive force, and the opposite is the attraction force. It is transmitted by photons, which is directly proportional to the amount of electricity and inversely proportional to the distance. Long-range force, the 2nd strongest of the four forces.

Weak force: The force that causes decay such as decay. Transmitted by the Higgs particle (w+, w-, z0), weaker, short-range force, acting on particles of the quark order. It is the third strongest of the four forces.

Force: is the force of attraction between quarks, transmitted by gluons (the additional effect of binding protons and neutrons in the nucleus is transmitted by mesons). Within the effective distance, the greater the distance, the greater the force. Short-range force, which is the strongest of the four forces.

What are the Four Fundamental Forces? If someone could unify it, would he be able to surpass Einstein?

Gravitational force, elastic force, friction force, buoyancy.

Both terms of elastic friction are artificially prescribed, and electromagnetic force, as one of the four basic forces (strong force, weak force, electromagnetic force, and gravitational force), exists objectively. Therefore, various effects such as elastic force and friction force can be classified into the four basic forces; For these two forces, their fundamental property is the electromagnetic force.

To understand this, one must look at it at the micro level. The first thing to do is to understand the structure of matter. For example, metals, for example, are microscopically composed of lattice of metal cations arranged and free electrons around the cations.

Why is such a structure stable? It is because the electrostatic repulsion between the cations maintains the distance between the cations and prevents the structure from collapsing; The electrons surround the cation to form a diffuse electron sea, which pulls the cation and prevents the structure from collapsing. Therefore, the main force that sustains this structure is the Coulomb force, which is the electromagnetic force in terms of the four basic forces.

Of course, gravitational force exists, but it is insignificant compared to electromagnetic force.

Then let's look at the mechanism of elasticity. Why does the metal undergo elastic deformation when extruded, resulting in elastic force? It is because under the external pressure, the above-mentioned metal structure is compressed, and the distance between metal cations in the direction of pressure decreases, which breaks the balance of the original Coulomb gravitational repulsion, and the repulsion between cations becomes larger, so the macroscopic trend shows a tendency to resist external pressure and return to its original shape, which is elastic force.

So in essence, the elastic force of the metal is the coulombic repulsion between the cations on the microscopic level, that is, the electromagnetic force in the four basic functions.

As for friction, the mechanism of occurrence is slightly different. When two metals come into contact with each other, some cations of one metal on the interface will come into contact with the electron sea of the other metal, so that Coulomb gravity occurs, as if they were one metal in this region (they didn't really fuse into one metal because the surface of the metal is uneven on the microscopic level, like a badly matched sawtooth, only a few areas are in contact with each other), so that if there is a shear force in the direction parallel to the interface, these mutually contacting regions will be misaligned, The overlapping area of the electron sea and the metal cation decreases, as if the negative charge is removed from the positive charge, so there is a reverse stress, which is the static friction. Dynamic friction is the elastic force caused by the deformation of the protruding part of the metal surface caused by the relative motion on the interface, so it is also an electromagnetic force.

As for other substances, the internal structure is different, not necessarily a simple interaction between cations and electrons, but broadly speaking, it must be the action of chemical bonds, and elastic force and friction are caused by twisting chemical bonds. And what is the essence of chemical bonds? It is the positive nucleus of the electronegative electron cloud surrounding the two bonded atoms, that is, the essence is the electromagnetic force.

Gravity, elasticity, support, friction.

Some aspects have been admitted, but the whole has been admitted to the grand unified theory, that is, there are only 4 fundamental forces, but whether they are correct or not, this is a long process (how many years did it take to confirm the theory of relativity back then) I see that some places also say other fundamental forces, lz refer to it, the more you go to the back, the more people find a repulsive force in the experiment, which can produce the phenomenon of antigravity, and call it supercharge. The supercharged force comes from the lateral motion of the electromagnetic force, and we already know that there is an electromagnetic interaction between the nucleus and the electron in any atom, and when the electrons rotate around the nucleus at high speed, the electromagnetic force field between them must have a tangential high-speed scanning process similar to the rotation of the hands of a clock. This motion leads to any interaction where an object made of atoms has a supercharged force, which is the fifth fundamental force.

The essence of the fifth fundamental force lies in the force field generated by positive and negative magnetic charges located on the spin shafts of protons and electrons, a dark matter particle that produces a unipolar field. It can be thought of as a neutral unipolar field that seems to be the supergravitational field, which is the sixth fundamental force, and its essence is the gravitational force between dark matter particles. The seventh fundamental force is the power of time, also known as the supernatural force.

Some people use supernatural forces as an excuse to preach the incomparably wonderful characteristics of special functions or superpowers, but in fact those are the basic rules of the material world, and in the realm of the human spirit, supernatural forces are only phenomena of the external world. The power of human thinking is the eighth basic force, which is in the opposite direction of the power of time, and is called the power of negative time. Of course, this is just a passive thinking force.

Human creativity is a transcendent force of time, and therefore creative thinking is a process of interaction between positive and negative supertemporal forces. That's the first.

Nine or ten basic forces. Also due to the existence of the antimatter world, there are ten other fundamental antimatter interaction forces called supersymmetry.

"Weak intermolecular interactions" are not the weak interactions of the beta decay among the four fundamental forces, which are still strong interactions.

All matter in the world carries energy.

Chemical bond refers to the strong interaction force between two or more adjacent atoms (or ions) within a molecule or crystal. High definition: The force that binds ions or atoms together is commonly known as chemical bonds.

Exactly! This is the essence of chemical bonds. The nature of the intermolecular force is also electromagnetic.

All the forces currently found in the world can be summed up in four fundamental forces (without exception): gravitational force, electromagnetic force (including the Coulomb force), strong force, and weak force. Strong and weak forces generally exist only inside the nucleus.

The gravitational coefficient is very small and only plays an important role among very massive objects. Therefore, the forces that exist in most general phenomena are electromagnetic forces except gravity. It's just that some are easier to observe and understand, and some are not so easy to observe and understand.

For example, what elastic force, pull force, thrust force, and support force are essentially electromagnetic forces (hehe, it may be a little difficult to solve, to look at the problem from the microscopic level, these forces are the sum of the microscopic electromagnetic forces. Getting this question clear shows that your micro-analysis skills have reached a considerable level).

Returning to the question, the essence of covalent bonding is to "connect" two or more positively charged nuclei together by sharing electrons on the nuclei of the bonded atoms. To be more precise, shared electrons are more likely to appear in the middle region of the two cores, although they can appear anywhere around the two cores. In this way, the two nuclei are bonded together by the bond of electrons, effectively reducing the electrostatic repulsion between the nuclei and forming a stable molecule.

Similarly, if a molecule is subjected to an external influence, such as ultraviolet radiation or heating, the electron may gain additional energy. As the energy increases, these electrons will not honestly move mainly between the nuclei, they will run farther, outside the region of the nuclear wire, and the probability of appearing in those places increases, so that the repulsion between the nuclei will manifest itself, resulting in the breaking of chemical bonds.

It is clear that in these processes, it is the Coulomb force at work.

For ionic bonds, metallic bonds, and the coordination bonds proposed above (a special case of covalent bonds) are all similar, there is no essential difference. If you can understand the problem exactly, then the microscopic part of chemistry is quite simple.

The electron cloud of the shared electrons of the ionic bond is strongly biased towards the electronegativity of the elements, so much so that the probability of appearing on the cationic side is less (but not none!). ）。Even if the ionic bond is regarded as an interaction between anion and ion, this force is still the Coulomb force.

The electrons in the metal are free and are not limited to the movement around a certain nucleus, but they still have a coulombic gravitational effect between them and the nucleus, which reduces the repulsion between the nucleus and forms metal crystals.

As for the coordination bond, it is only the common electron pair that is produced by one atom, and there is no essential difference from the general covalent bond.

No, there are many kinds of chemical bonds, such as ionic bonds, covalent bonds, metal bonds, coordination bonds...

Ionic bonds are caused by strong interactions between cations and cations (it seems inappropriate to say Coulomb force), the latter of which you don't seem to have in chemical bonds.

True, that's the essence, chemical reactions are all manifestations of electromagnetic interactions.