Before and after the Wuxu Reform, Huang Zunxian, Qiu Fengjia, Kang Youwei, and Liang Qichao put forw

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, some intellectuals who had been abroad saw the advanced civilization of foreign countries and deeply felt China's backwardness, so they launched a reform movement. The reform movement spread to poetry, and the so-called "poetry revolution" was born

The "Poetry Revolution" is a poetry reform movement in the history of modern literature. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, literati poetry has been in a state of attack and conservatism. With the upsurge of the bourgeois reform movement, Liang Qichao and others put forward the slogan of "revolution in the poetry world" and tried to compose new poems.

Huang Zunxian put forward "I write by hand, I speak" to oppose archaism; Asking poetry to reflect real life and struggles; In terms of expression methods, it advocates the use of the fine artistic traditions of the ancients and strives for variety; In terms of language, it is necessary to make use of those applicable historical materials as much as possible, and to use new languages in combination with new things. His poems reflect the strange scenery and new ideology and culture of the new world, open up a vast field that has never been seen before in the history of poetry, and describe a series of major historical events, reflecting the contradictions of modern Chinese society and showing a strong patriotic spirit. In the reform movement, Huang Zunxian was the first to open up the way for the "poetry revolution" in theory and creative practice, and he was a banner of the "poetry revolution" that Liang Qichao strongly praised.

Both Huang Zunxian and Liang Qichao had lived abroad, and their ideas were advanced and their desire for reform was strong, so their poetry became a tool to reflect their ideas for reform.

Politically: Reform the first institutions, abolish redundant officials, and appoint reformers.

Economy: Encourage private enterprises to set up industrial and mining enterprises.

Culture: Establishing new schools, translating Western books, disseminating Western ideas, founding newspapers and periodicals, and opening up speech.

Military: Training of new types of troops.

Learn from the West, advocate science and culture, reform the political and educational systems, and develop agriculture, industry, and commerce.

Adopt it in time.

Advocate the introduction of a constitutional monarchy in China. The main contents are:

1.Political: Officials and citizens are allowed to write and speak about things; abolish idle, overlapping institutions, and eliminate redundant personnel; Abolish the parasitic privilege of the flag man.

2.Economic: Beijing set up the Railway Mining Bureau and the State Administration of Agriculture and Industry to protect the development of agriculture, industry and commerce; rewarding the creation of inventions; reform of finances and preparation of final accounts of the state budget; The post office was abolished and a post office was established.

3.Military: Abolish the Green Battalion, refine the Army, and change to foreign exercises; the introduction of conscription; Establishment of a navy.

4.In terms of culture and education, Beijing Normal University Hall was opened, and primary and secondary schools were set up in various places to study Chinese and Western liberal arts at the same time; Abolish the eight shares, change the trial policy, and set up a special economic department; set up a translation bureau to translate new foreign books; permission to set up newspapers and societies; Send people to study and travel abroad.

Kang Youwei advocated that Confucius was the ancestor of the reform of the ancient system, and advocated the reform of the law.

Liang Qichao advocated the establishment of a parliament and the implementation of a constitutional monarchy.

In 1895 the book was put on the bus.

The book on the bus is considered to be a sign of the Restoration's entry into the stage of history, and it is also considered to be the beginning of the political movement of the Chinese masses.

In August 1895, Kang Youwei organized the Qiang Society in Beijing.

Kang Youwei and his colleagues propagated the idea of patriotism, further mobilized the masses, and expanded the influence of the reform of the law through the organization of the society.

In 1898, when the Qiang Society was founded, Kang Youwei founded the "Chinese and Foreign Chronicles" in Beijing

In the same year, Kang Youwei organized the publication of "Qiang Journal" in Shanghai

The reformists, through the newspapers, mobilized their forces and expanded their positions.

Answer C: This question examines the Reform and Reform Movement, and the prelude to this movement is the "Book on the Bus" initiated by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, so choose C.

Answers] :d, e

1.There are two "Universal Bulletins" in modern China, one was founded by Liang Qichao shortly after "writing on the bus", and the other was founded by missionaries such as Lin Lezhi in Shanghai;

2.The Zhongyan Auction Record was founded by the late Qing Dynasty Restoration, and was originally named "Wanguo Gazette";

3."Shi Shi Xian Xian Bao" is a newspaper of the Ming Restoration during the Reform Movement, founded by Huang Zunxian, Wang Kangnian, and Liang Qichao in Shanghai.