Imitation of Distinctive Houses What explanatory methods are used in each unique folk house

The construction of bamboo buildings is a major event in the life of the Dai family. According to traditional customs, it is necessary to choose a good place first, lay a good foundation, and then erect columns and beams. The main thing in a bamboo building is the central column.

The central pillar is generally eight. Choosing a center pillar is a serious and solemn matter. When the central pillar was carried into the village from the mountain, everyone had to go to greet it and pour water on it.

The Dai people also have a custom: one family builds a house, and the whole village helps. When the new building is completed, a "bamboo building" ceremony will be held.

At this time, the people of the whole village flocked to it, jubilant, and lively like a festival. At the same time, it is also necessary to ask "Zanha" to sing the song of "He Xinfang", which is said to be auspicious, safe, and prosperous.

1. Column numbers, for example: "Most of them are three- to six-story buildings, and one hundred to two hundred houses are arranged like orange petals, with an even layout and grandeur." ”

The author uses the method of column numbers and analogies to vividly and vividly illustrate the appearance and overall layout characteristics of the circular walled house. It is no wonder that foreign friends can't help but exclaim when they see the circular enclosure from afar - "flying saucers falling from the sky, mushrooms emerging from the ground".

2. Comparison: In the mountains and mountains of southwest Fujian and northeast Guangdong, there are thousands of round houses or tulou, which is known as the "wonderful dwellings of the world".

This sentence uses the method of analogy and comparison to summarize the status of the Hakka round enclosure house in the history of world architecture, and it is a special and rare flower compared with the "world dwelling".

When you set foot on the land inhabited by nomadic peoples such as Mongolia, you will enter a vast and beautiful expanse.

The steppe, dotted with thousands of yurts. The yurt was called the dome in ancient times, also known as the felt tent, felt bag, etc. The Mongolian people are called Geer, and the Manchu language is yurt or Mongolian bo.

In order to facilitate nomadism, the nomadic people of the Mongolian ethnic group created this kind of dwelling, which is easy to disassemble and assemble, and convenient for nomadic herding. It has appeared since the Xiongnu era and has been used to this day.

The yurt is circular, the side wall around it is divided into several pieces, each piece is 130-160 cm high, about 230 cm long, it is woven into a net with a strip of wood, several pieces are connected, it is surrounded by a circle, the long cover umbrella bone dome is connected with the side wall, the top four walls of the tent are covered or used with felt, fixed with ropes, a wooden frame is left on the southwest wall to install the door panel, and a circular skylight is left on the top of the tent to allow lighting, ventilation, and smoke discharge, and the night or windy, rainy and snowy days are covered with felt, the smallest diameter of the yurt is more than 300 cm, and the large one can accommodate hundreds of people, The small ones can accommodate more than a dozen people. During the Mongol Han period, the tent of the khans and kings could accommodate 2,000 people.

There are two types of yurts: fixed and swimming. Semi-farming and semi-pastoralism also build more fixed types, build soil walls around them, and cover them with reeds; Nomadic areas are mostly nomadic and nomadic. The mobile type is divided into two types: detachable and non-detachable, the former is consigned by livestock and the latter is consigned by ox cart or horse-drawn cart.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the number of Mongolian settlers increased, and yurts remained in the nomadic areas. In addition to the Mongolian people, Kazakh, Tajik and other herdsmen also live in yurts when they are nomadic herders.

After listening to my introduction to yurts, do you think yurts have great historical and artistic value?

In the large and small hutongs of Beijing, there are many courtyard-style houses surrounded by houses on the east, south, west and north sides, which are courtyard houses.

The gate of the courtyard is generally opened in the southeast corner or northwest corner, and the north house in the courtyard is the main house, which is built on a brick and stone pedestal, which is larger than the scale of other houses, and is the living room of the owner of the courtyard. On both sides of the courtyard, there are east and west wings, which are where the younger generations live. There is a corridor between the main room and the side room, where people can walk and rest.

The walls of the courtyard and the houses facing the street generally do not open windows to the outside, and the environment in the courtyard is closed and quiet.

There are courtyard houses of all sizes in Beijing, but no matter how big or small, they are all made up of courtyards surrounded by houses on all sides. The simplest courtyard houses have only one courtyard, the more complex ones have two or three courtyards, and the deep mansion courtyards where the rich and noble live are usually composed of several courtyard houses side by side. There is also a partition wall in the middle.

The Beijing courtyard house is an inner courtyard house formed by houses on the east, west, south and north sides. As the main architectural form where old Beijingers have lived for generations, Beijing courtyard houses are well-known at home and abroad, and are well known to the world.

Secondly, the composition of the courtyard house has its peculiarities. Its courtyard is wide and spacious, and the houses on all sides are independent, and there are verandahs to connect each other, which is very convenient for living; The gated house gives the courtyard a strong sense of privacy, and the door is closed to the world; In the courtyard, the doors on all sides are open to the courtyard, and the family is happy and happy; In the spacious courtyard, you can also plant trees and flowers, raise birds and fish, and stack rocks and scenery, so that residents can enjoy the beauty of nature.

Courtyard house is a kind of composite building form in civil housing in North China, which is a kind of square or rectangular courtyard. A family, living in a closed yard, living a comfortable, leisurely, quiet life, enjoying the joy of the family, the fun of family, naturally has a leisurely atmosphere.

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