How do you identify dumb and dumb congeners?

1. Definition Benzene homologues refer to cyclic hydrocarbons that contain a benzene ring in the molecule and constitute a cyclic hydrocarbon conforming to CNH2N-6(N6). The presence of a benzene ring in the molecule indicates that the structure is similar, and the composition conforms to CNH2N-6 indicates that the composition is different by one or several CH2 atomic clusters, and only a series of hydrocarbons that meet these two points are benzene homologues. 2. Nature 1 Two effects (1) The side chain affects the benzene ring.

The hydrogen atoms on the ortho and para positions of the benzene ring are active and easily replaced by other atoms or clusters. (2) The benzene ring affects the side chain. The hydrogen atom on the carbon atom directly connected to the benzene ring is active and easy to be oxidized, and the oxidation product is benzoic acid regardless of the length of the side chain.

For example, toluene and ethylbenzene can fade the acidic potassium permanganate solution. 2 Two substitutions Toluene and bromine can undergo substitution reactions, but under different conditions and in different positions. (1) occurs on the benzene ring, that is, the effect of the side chain on the benzene ring.

2) Substitution reactions that occur on the side chains, i.e., alkanes-like, can continue. 3 Two kinds of fading (1) The homologues of benzene cannot discolor bromine water (do not react), but can fade bromine water layer (physical properties). 2) Benzene congeners can discolor acidic potassium permanganate solutions.

Resources.

Acidic potassium permanganate is added separately, and the one that can be leg colored is the homolog of benzene, and the one that can not be leg colored is benzene.

Benzene is present in homologues.

Homologues of benzene.

Benzene congeners are the products of the substitution of hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring by alkyl groups. [1] Its molecular formula is CNH2N-6 (N 6, N N), and its molecule contains only one benzene ring, and the side chain of the benzene ring is an alkyl group (Luchun-CNH2N+1), and the benzene ring and the side chain interact with each other.

1. Naming. The naming of benzene homologues is based on benzene as the parent, if there are two substituents of jujube, they can be represented by "o-", "between", and "pair" respectively, and the six carbon atoms on the benzene ring can also be numbered, and the position of the carbon atom where a methyl group is located is 1, and the smallest position number is selected to number another methyl group. [2]

Second, structural characteristics.

The molecule contains only one benzene ring, and the side chain of the benzene ring is an alkyl group (—CNH2N-6), and the benzene ring and the side chain interact with each other. [2]

The homologue of benzene refers to the product that contains a benzene ring in the molecule and the hydrogen on the benzene ring is replaced by an alkyl group, and the composition conforms to CNH2N-6 is to indicate that the composition is different by one or several CH2 atomic clusters, and only a series of hydrocarbons that meet these two points are homologues of benzene. (Benzene congeners do not include benzene).

N>6 in the homolog cnh2n-6 of benzene is not equal to 6.

Stupid doesn't have this chemical.

The carbon atoms of benzene form a special bond between the double bond and the triple bond in pairs, the three carbon atoms that are close to each other form a 120° angle, all the carbon atoms are in a plane, and the six carbon atoms form a large bond (pai 6 6), which is aromatic. All carbon atoms have the same chemical environment. Since the C-H single bond is a bond, all the H atoms are also in the plane of benzene.

The basic reaction is the substitution reaction.

The homologues of benzene are the products of hydrogen substitution by hydrocarbon groups on benzene, and the composition conforms to CNH2N-6 which means that the composition is different by one or several CH2 atomic clusters, and only a series of hydrocarbons that meet these two points are homologues of benzene. (Benzene congeners do not include benzene). The hydrocarbon group replaces the hydrogen atom and the carbon atoms attached to the benzene form bonds with the carbon atoms on the benzene, and these carbon atoms are also in the benzene plane.

But the hydrogen atom on the hydrocarbon group is tetrahedral with the carbon, so not all hydrogen atoms are also on the plane.

Homologues of benzene are also generally aromatic. Due to the substitution of the hydrocarbon group, the hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group tends to be more positive than that on the benzene ring, and the substitution reaction often preferentially attacks the hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group or modifies the hydrocarbon group. Monosubstituted benzene homologues, the carbon atoms on benzene opposite the substituents are more active.

The foundation is probably like this, and advanced ones need to consult professional books.

Homologues: clusters of methylene atoms with similar structures and molecular compositions.

It's not stupid, it's benzene.

Benzene (C6H6) is a colorless, sweet-smelling transparent liquid at room temperature, and has a strong aromatic odor. Benzene is flammable, toxic, and a carcinogen. Benzene is a hydrocarbon and the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon.

It is insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, and can also be used as an organic solvent in itself. Benzene is a basic raw material for petrochemical industry. The production and technical level of benzene production is one of the indicators of the development level of a country's petrochemical industry.

The ring system that benzene has is called benzene ring, which is the simplest aromatic ring. The structure of the benzene molecule after removing one hydrogen is called phenyl group, which is denoted by pH. Hence benzene can also be expressed as PHH.

Homologues: similar in structure, paralyzed, and different in molecular composition.