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What is a free radical Free radical, also known as a "free radical" in chemistry, is a cluster of atoms containing an unpaired electron. The main ones encountered by our biological systems are oxygen radicals, such as superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals, lipoxyl radicals, nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide radicals. Free radicals are extremely reactive, unstable, and short-lived compounds.
Free radicals produce harmful compounds in the body's oxidation reaction, which have strong oxidizing properties and can damage the body's tissues and cells, thereby causing chronic diseases and aging effects. The harm of free radicals Free radicals have a high degree of oxidative activity, they are extremely unstable, extremely active, they attack the cell membrane, mitochondrial membrane, and react with the unsaturated fatty acids in the membrane, resulting in enhanced lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation products (MDA, etc.) can be broken down into more free radicals, causing a chain reaction of free radicals.
In this way, the integrity of the membrane structure is disrupted, causing extensive damage to muscles, liver cells, mitochondria, DNA, RNA, etc., resulting in various diseases, such as inflammation, cancer, dilated cardiomyopathy, senile cataracts, asthma and other diseases. Therefore, free radicals are directly involved in and produce human disease, aging and death. What is especially terrible is that if free radicals invade the nucleus, they will damage DNA, and if DNA is cut off, so that the body's repair enzymes cannot repair DNA, it will cause gene mutations, which will cause a variety of diseases, such as heart disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and tumors.
Free radicals are the culprits of cancer and aging. "Lycopene helps you put on an anti-"cancer" coat Lycopene Antioxidant scavenges free radicals Our body has naturally occurring free radical scavengers to inhibit the formation of free radicals, and in addition, the enzymes naturally produced by the body can also neutralize free radicals. But if the body's system is flooded with free radicals, and the naturally occurring free radical scavengers are unable to "cope", the health light will turn red.
Therefore, people should eat through diet, natural antioxidants, or take some supplements to help the body remove free radicals and reduce the harm of free radicals. Lycopene is an expert in scavenging free radicals and has superior properties over other carotenoids. Lycopene is 100 times more capable of scavenging free radicals than the currently commonly used antioxidant vitamin E and 2 times more potent carotene.
Since peroxidative damage to body cells is the main cause of human aging, lycopene also has a certain degree of anti-aging effect.
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Here are two pictures:
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Free radicals can cause many diseases in the body, so what does the body produce free radicals?
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1.Excessive exercise: When we exercise excessively, the amount of free radicals we produce rises dramatically. Moderate exercise is beneficial to our body, and excessive exercise can easily increase oxidative stress on the body.
2.Excessive stress: Severe mental stress can also lead to a significant increase in the number of free radicals. Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of people who are more likely to get sick when they're stressed? Mental stress can also have a big impact on health.
3.Air pollution: The environment has a huge impact on the number of free radicals formed in our bodies, and air pollution is one of the main causes of stress in our lungs and body.
4.Smoking: The main damage caused by smoking is that smoke causes oxidative stress to our body, and cigarette smoke contains a variety of toxins, which combine to increase the number of free radicals in the lungs and all parts of the body.
5.Food and water pollution: Chemicals such as pesticides and insecticides are absorbed by the body, which can increase oxidative stress in the body.
6.Drugs and radiation: Drugs require more metabolic reactions from the liver and the entire body to metabolize them, so they produce more free radicals. Chemotherapy and radioactivity** also cause more free radicals to be produced in the body.
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Free radical rock resistance.
It is the molecule of a compound that is covalently bonded under external conditions such as light and heat.
When the covalent bond is unevenly cracked, the shared electron pairs between the two slag oak atoms are completely transferred to one of the atoms, and the result is the formation of positively charged and negatively charged ions, which is called bond isocleavage.
Free radicals are also known as free radicals.
It is a group or atom with non-dual electrons, and it has two main characteristics, one is high chemical reactivity, and the other is that it has a magnetic moment. Free radicals are created when the original structure of a stable atom is broken by an external force, resulting in the atom missing an electron. In general, life is inseparable from free radical activity.
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<> radicals, also known as free radicals in chemistry, refer to atoms or groups with unpaired electrons formed by the homogenous cleavage of covalent bonds of molecules of compounds under external conditions such as light and heat. In addition, when writing, it is common to add a "ยท" next to the atomic symbol or atomic cluster symbol to indicate the presence of unpaired electrons.
Discovery of free radicals:The first free radical to be discovered and confirmed in history was the triphenyl free mill group discovered by Moses Gonberg at the University of Michigan in 1900, which dimerized under the condition of air isolation to form hexephenylethane. Simple organic radicals, such as methyl radicals, ethyl radicals, were confirmed by gas phase reactions in the 20s.
Organic radicals, as active intermediates, were discovered in the 30s by the research of Hay, Waters, and Karasch, among others. Sunlight radiation, air pollution, rent-off cigarettes, pesticides, etc. in the external environment will make the human body produce more reactive oxygen radicals and mutate nucleic acids, which is the root cause of human aging and disease. Reactive oxygen species in the body have certain functions, such as immune and signaling processes.
However, too much reactive oxygen species can have a destructive effect, leading to damage to normal cells and tissues in the human body, and free radicals can also be formed through the redox process of an atom or molecule.
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