What is a shallow trough, does the stone pillar have a shallow trough to grow yams?

The high-yield cultivation technology of shallow trough, that is, artificially changing the vertical downward growth of Huaishan tubers to a certain slope of directional growth near the ridge surface soil layer Taking advantage of the large temperature difference between day and night, loose soil and good permeability of shallow soil layer, Huaishan long potatoes are fast, easy to harvest, and can be planted in a large area of various types of soil, so as to achieve the purpose of high yield, high quality and high efficiency.

Planting Huaishan requires the use of shallow troughs.

It is a high-yield cultivation technique.

If you want to obtain high yield, you need to pay attention to the fertilization method in the cultivation process, and the key points of the fertilization method of high-yield yam cultivation are introduced as follows, which can be used for reference.

1. Fertilizer absorption characteristics of yam: The nutrient uptake dynamics of yam was consistent with the growth dynamics of plant fresh weight.

1) At the germination stage, the growth of plants is small, and the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is also small. At the stage of vine spinning, with the acceleration of plant growth rate, the growth rate increased, and the nutrient uptake also increased, especially the nitrogen uptake increased more.

2) In the peak growth period of tubers, the growth of stems and leaves reached a peak, the tubers grew and expanded rapidly, and the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium also reached a peak. It has been determined that for every 1000 kg of tubers produced, kilograms of pure nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide are required, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium required is 4 1 5. In the early stage of yam growth, an appropriate amount of available nitrogen fertilizer is supplied, which is conducive to the growth of vines.

In the peak growth period of tubers, it is necessary to pay attention to the combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, especially the application of potassium fertilizer, so as to promote the expansion of tubers and the accumulation of substances.

3) In the later stage of growth, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled to prevent vines from growing. Yam is a chlorine crop, and excessive chloride ions in the soil will affect the growth of yam, which is manifested as vigorous vine growth, reduced tuber yield, reduced quality, fragile and easy breakage, and is not resistant to storage and transportation. Therefore, chlorine-containing fertilizers should not be applied in production.

2. Fertilizer dynamics: Yam has a long growth period and requires a lot of fertilizer, so it likes organic fertilizer with longer fertilizer effect.

Since the formation of tubers is accompanied by the accumulation of starch and other substances, the demand for phosphorus and potassium is relatively large. In the early stage of yam growth, due to the low temperature and slow release of organic nutrients, it is advisable to supply an appropriate amount of fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer to promote the growth of stems and leaves. In the middle and late stages of growth, the growth of tubers increases rapidly and requires a large amount of nutrients**, therefore, in addition to providing sufficient nitrogen fertilizer to keep stems and leaves from senescent, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should also be applied to promote the expansion and enrichment of tubers and improve yield and quality.

Generally, after fermentation and decay of organic fertilizer and an appropriate amount of superphosphate compost, an appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer is mixed as the base fertilizer, which can basically meet the nutrient needs of the whole fertility. In the middle and late stages of tuber growth, an appropriate amount of fast-acting fertilizer should be applied according to the growth of the plant to prevent premature aging.

3. Diseases of yam nutritional disorders:

In the barren sandy soil, due to the lack of nutrients, the plant growth is weak, the tuber is small, the yield is low, the skin is smooth, and the commodity value is high. In the clayey soil with sufficient water and fertilizer, although the yield is high, there are many fibrous roots on the tuber, which is prone to the phenomenon of eccentricity and right root, which seriously affects the quality of the product.

If continuous cropping for one year causes soil nutrient imbalance and reduces the yield by more than 30%, the disease is aggravated, and it is easy to produce tuber rot, thick epidermis, dark color and poor quality. Excessive fertilizer, especially unrotted manure, will burn the roots or the tubers will be easy to separate.

Morphological characteristics: Yam is a herbaceous vine of the dioscaceae family, the rhizome is stick-shaped, up to 33 66 cm, the longest is more than 100 cm, the roots are few branched, the white roots have many fibrous roots, sticky, the cross-sectional stem is slender, and it can reach more than zhang. The leaves are opposite, the leaf shape is varied, often heart-shaped or scissor-shaped palmate, the leaf veins are 6 9 out, and there are plant buds (called zero surplus seeds, also called yam beans, yam eggs) between the leaf axils for propagation materials, and can also be eaten. Small white solitary flowers, capsules.

The growing environment of yam requires fertile, well-drained sandy soil, prefers warm and sunny places, but is afraid of frost and avoids continuous cropping. Geographical distributionNative to Asia, cultivated in China since ancient times, cultivated in all parts of the north and south, and wild distribution, mainly produced in Henan, Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi and other places. Cultivation technology to select the land to correct the loss of land to choose loose and fertile, well-drained sandy loam and no waterlogged clay, and loose and tight quality is good, but the yield is low, leeward to the sun of the ground cultivation is appropriate, and then winter turn about 66 cm, apply 5000 kg of base fertilizer, deep turn 50 60 cm, spring shallow tillage 15 20 cm.

Before sowing, water the bottom water thoroughly, prepare the land for furrowing, most of them use ridge cropping, ridge width 120 cm, and the ditch between the two ridges is used for drainage and irrigation. The propagation method is mainly propagation with reed heads and bead buds. Lutou is the upper part of the rhizome when the yam is harvested, and it is the only propagation material in the production of yam field.

The reed head is propagated in October to dig out the roots, select the yam reed head with a short neck, full bud head, thick and disease-free pests, 16 20 cm long folded down, slightly sun-dried 2 3 angel wound healing, placed indoors or outdoors to dig a pit, the depth of the pit and the thickness of the cover so that the reed head is not frozen. The temperature is around 5 as well. After thawing, apply sufficient base fertilizer, turn 26 33 cm deep, plough finely leveling, make a flat furrow or hold high the jue ridge, row spacing 33 50 cm, plant spacing 16 20 cm, ditch depth 16 cm, apply rotten manure and covering soil, slightly suppressed, watered after planting.

Before the emergence of seedlings, use a tooth rake to break the surface compaction, keep the furrow surface moist, and the seedlings emerge in about 15 to 20 days. Pearls sprouts are propagated in October, the groundground is yellow, the pearl buds (yam beans) are picked and stored outdoors with dry sand, and they are taken out in mid and late March in spring, and they can be sown in a little sun. Row spacing 20 26 cm, plant spacing 10 cm, furrow depth 6 cm, planting 2 3 yam beans, covering soil 6 cm.

The seedlings emerge after half a month, and they are dug up in autumn for planting. The seedlings were 33 cm tall and the vines grew upwards with scaffolds. 5 In August, top dressing is divided into batches, mainly topdressing thin manure and manure, combined with watering for top dressing, and timely watering and drainage should be paid attention to during the growth period.

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The stone pillars do not have shallow troughs for growing yams. Yam is also known as dioscaria, sweet potato, sweet potato, Huai Yam, Huai Mountain, white yam, is the herbal medicine contained in the "Chinese Materia Medica", and the medicinal ** Qi Song is the dried rhizome of the yam plant of the dioscaceae family. Yam has the effect of nourishing and strengthening, aiding digestion, absorbing deficiency and sweating, and stopping diarrhea, and is mainly used to treat spleen deficiency and diarrhea, lung deficiency cough, diabetes and thirst, short frequency of urination, spermatozoa, women's belt and indigestion of chronic intestinal inflammation.

Yam is the most suitable combination with Ganoderma lucidum, which has the effect of preventing and treating diabetes, and has great prospects for development in the food industry and processing industry.

I heard that sweet potato yam is the best, high yield, good management, and should not be forked.

I also planted it in a shallow trough, and there are a lot of white jade yams, so I don't know that there are white potato yams.