The procedure of the machining center, the operation method of the machining center

If you're not even familiar with **, don't ask here.

Let's buy a book first and read it carefully.

There are illustrations there, which can be explained to you more intuitively.

G98 is the setting of the lifting position at the end of the cycle.

There is also the G99

To put it simply, G98 is to raise the knife at a relatively high position, which is suitable for each orifice plane to be of different heights to avoid interference.

The G99 is suitable for reducing the distance between the orifice and the orifice when the orifice plane is the same high.

There are some problems in the above program, that is, the position of the fast pass in the Z-axis direction is not set, so that the knife will be lowered at the speed of the pass from the position of Z50, instead of using the speed of the fast pass to reach the position close to the orifice.

The correct one is to g0 near the orifice before the cycle is started.

I don't know if you understand this? If you don't understand it, you might as well buy a book and read it! Combined with the actual machine operation, it is very simple.

You're talking about G98G81, G98 is the position of the last positioning of the Z-axis before starting to drill short, that is, the position where the drill bit stops before drilling, plus the position where G98 returns every time it finishes drilling, G81 direct drilling is generally used for shallower holes to punch center holes, etc., he is drilling directly from the beginning to the middle of the middle without stopping, deep holes are generally used G73 or G83, the difference between G73 and G81 is that it has a Q value in it to control how deep a drill is, when drilling to this number, it pauses for breaking, G83 is similar to G73, it also has a Q value in it, when drilling to the depth of the Q value, it returns to the R plane, which is the position where the drilling has just begun, these are more commonly used, and I won't say the rest one by one, which is similar to these few.

Novices don't look at this, what are the three coordinate systems of the machine tool, they are so interrelated. How the machine implements the machine at each point when the program is running. Understand this first, and then you will have the basis for understanding! Thank you.

After each start-up or emergency stop reset of the machine tool, the machine tool first returns to the reference mark position of the machine tool (that is, back to zero), so that the machine tool has a reference position for its future operation.

Clamping the workpiece. Before clamping the workpiece, clean the surface first, do not stick to oil, iron filings and dust, and use a file (or oil stone) to remove the burrs on the surface of the workpiece.

The high-speed iron used for clamping must be smoothed by the grinder to make it smooth and flat. The yard iron and nut must be strong and can reliably clamp the workpiece, and some small workpieces that are difficult to clamp can be directly clamped on the vise.

The machine tool workbench should be clean and free of iron filings, dust and oil.

The horn is generally placed at the four corners of the workpiece, and the contour horn should be added in the middle of the workpiece with too large span.

According to the size of the drawing, use the pull ruler to check whether the length, width and height of the workpiece are qualified.

When clamping the workpiece, according to the clamping and placement method of the programming work instructions, it is necessary to consider avoiding the machining part and the situation that the cutter head may touch the fixture during processing.

After the workpiece is placed on the horn, it is necessary to pull the table on the workpiece datum according to the requirements of the drawing, and the length direction error of the workpiece is less than that, and the horizontal error of the top surface in the X and Y directions is less than that. For the workpiece that has been ground on all six sides, it is necessary to check whether its verticality is qualified.

After the workpiece is pulled, the nut must be tightened to prevent the workpiece from moving in the process due to the unstable clamping.

Pull the table again to make sure that the error is not out of tolerance after clamping.

As a skilled operator, Bixiang Jibi must understand the requirements of the processed parts, the process route, and the characteristics of the machine tool before he can operate the machine tool to complete various processing tasks. Therefore, here are a few operational points for reference:

In order to simplify positioning and installation, each positioning surface of the fixture should have precise coordinate dimensions relative to the machining origin of the machining center.

In order to ensure that the installation orientation of the parts is consistent with the direction of the workpiece coordinate system and the machine tool coordinate system selected in the programming, the fixture and parts should be installed in a directional manner.

It can be disassembled in a short time and changed to a fixture suitable for new workpieces. Since the auxiliary time of the machining center has been compressed very short, the loading and unloading of the supporting fixtures cannot take up too much time.

The fixture should have as few elements as possible and high stiffness.

G0 moves quickly, G91 increment value programming, G28 returns reference point, T3M6 is for No. 3 tool, G54 is a coordinate system, X0Y0 is the coordinate value, M08 cutting fluid is on, G43 length compensation, G01 is the straight-line processing F is the feed speed, G02 clockwise arc, G90 is the absolute value programming, M03 spindle forward rotation S speed 800; The general meaning is:

Return the z0 reference point;

Change to No. 3 knife; spindle forward speed 800;

Quickly move to the x0 y0 position of the absolute coordinate g54 coordinate system (center coordinates);

M08 cutting fluid on;

Set the compensation in the z-direction;

The position of the tool point to z2.

Straight machining to the position of Z-15, feed rate 388;

Straight machining to the position, feed speed 80;

Machining a circular radius in a clockwise direction, feed 80;

That's what it means.

1. The mechanical products plus the engineering formula are very simple, most of them are programmed by hand and computer.

If you don't use computer programming molds and engineering methods, you can only program computer programming.

2. First take the Siemens CNC programming book, and then memorize and understand it, and then try to program it yourself and compare it with the existing product program, so that you can learn faster.

1. G90 91 absolute incremental size programming

1) G90 (modal, G90 is the absolute size input, all data correspond to the actual workpiece zero point.

2) G91 (modal), G91 is an incremental dimension input, each dimension corresponds to the previous contour point.

2. G70 G71 Imperial Metric Programming

G70 inch, G71 meter, according to the needs of the parts drawing, when compiling the parts processing program, you can switch between the imperial system and the metric system.

3. G54 G57 sets the zero offset and establishes the workpiece coordinate system

G54 G55 G56 G57: Calls 1st to 4th set the zero offset.

4. G17 G18 G19 plane selection command

1) G17: processing plane x y; (2) G18: processing plane Zx; (3) G19: processing plane Y Z;

g0g91g28z0.(quickly reach the z0 position); T3M6 (ready to call the 3rd tool, T3 is the 3rd tool, M6 is the tool change instruction); M03S800 (spindle forward rotation, 800 revolutions per minute); G0G90G54 (call G54 coordinates as the origin) to reach the cutting fluid open); G43H3Z50 (forward tool compensation, call No. 3 tool compensation, reach 50mm above the tool setting point Z).; G0z2 (to reach Z2).

arrived at the Z-15 position with a feed of 388mm min); Arrival position, feed 80mm min); Clockwise arc machining, the initial point to the X-axis of the center of the circle, the feed is 80mm min). I'm not good at learning, please criticize and correct, and study together.

In CNC machining centers, there are usually two current programming methods:

Simple contour - the contour composed of straight lines and arcs, which is directly programmed with the g** of the CNC system.

Complex contour - three-dimensional surface contour, in the computer with automatic programming software (CAD cam) to draw three-dimensional graphics, according to the type of surface set a variety of corresponding parameters, automatic generation of CNC machining program.

The above two programming methods can basically meet the requirements of CNC machining. However, it is very difficult to process the contour of the function equation curve, because the early milling machine numerical control system does not have the function of function operation, and the processing program of the function equation curve cannot be compiled directly with g**, and the CAD CAM software (of the lower version) usually does not have the function of directly inputting the graph from the equation. Therefore, the cutting function equation curve profile, the current commonly used method is:

According to the requirements of the drawing, calculate the coordinates of each point on the curve, and then compile the program with straight line or arc instruction ** according to the calculated coordinate value, and manually input it into the system for processing.

Simply put, it's made up of a combination of g**andm**plus coordinates.,Of course, cam programming needs to be modeled and then automatically generated.,You can go to the bookstore to buy some books to see.,This kind of book is not too much.。

This is a program for reaming or refining.

It mainly includes the following steps:

1. Process plan analysis to determine whether the processing object is suitable for CNC machining (complex shape, high precision requirements), and analyze which parts need to be dismantled! Determine the touching surface, wipe the surface, parting surface, etc.! Analyze the type of tool used and the size of the tool!

Selection of blanks (there should be certain requirements for the blank allowance and quality of the same batch). Division of processes (as much as possible using the processing method of one-time clamping and centralized processes).

Second, the process details the positioning and clamping of the workpiece. Process division (first big knife and then small knife, first rough and then fine, first main and then secondary, try to "change the knife less"). Tool selection.

Determine what machining method to use and set the cutting data. Process document preparation process card (i.e., program sheet), tool route schematic diagram. The program includes:

Program name, tool model, machining part and size, clamping schematic diagram.

3. Write the CNC machining program, use the UG setting to compile the instructions ** (G, S, M) and the program format specified by the CNC machine tool. Post-processing procedures, fill out the program sheet. The copy program is transferred to the machine tool, and the program is checked and test-cut.

Machining center (abbreviated as CNC in English, full name is computerized numerical control): it is a highly automated multi-functional CNC machine with a tool magazine and automatic tool change device. In Hong Kong, Taiwan and Guangdong, many people also call it a computer gong.

After the workpiece is clamped once on the machining center, the digital control system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace the tool according to different processes, automatically change the spindle speed, feed and movement trajectory of the tool relative to the workpiece and other auxiliary functions, and complete the processing of multiple processes on several surfaces of the workpiece in turn. And there are a variety of tool change or tool selection functions, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved.

The machining center mainly does the processing of some precision parts, which are mainly used in automobile and motorcycle parts, lighting, automated robots, mechanical hardware, aerospace and military industry, electronic instruments, medical equipment, 3C digital, household appliances, communication mobile phones and other industries.

The predecessor of the so-called CNC drilling machine machining center is the CNC milling machine, and on the basis of it, a variety of processing functions are expanded. Therefore, it not only has the efficiency of the numerical control system, but also can realize the processing of a variety of types and contents, which can be said to be a "master".

CNC machine tools with tool magazines for precision processing of metals, engineering plastics and other materials.

Simply put, it is one of the processing equipment, that is, one of the CNC machine tools.