What is the difference between organic and inorganic matter?

Organics are organic compounds. A general term for carbonaceous compounds (except for a few simple carbonaceous compounds such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonates, metal carbides) or hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Organic matter is the material basis for the production of life.

Characteristics of organic compounds: Most organic compounds mainly contain carbon and hydrogen, and often contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, halogens, phosphorus, etc. Some organic matter comes from the plant kingdom, but most of them are made from oil, natural gas, coal, etc. as raw materials, and are prepared by artificial synthesis.

Compared with inorganic matter, the number of organic matter is numerous, up to several million. The carbon atoms of organic compounds are very strong in binding capacity and can combine with each other to form carbon chains or carbon rings. The number of carbon atoms can be one, thousands, tens of thousands, and many organic polymer compounds can even have hundreds of thousands of carbon atoms.

In addition, isomerism is very common in organic compounds, which is one of the reasons for the abundance of organic compounds. Organic compounds are generally combustible except for a few. Compared with inorganic substances, they have poor thermal stability, and electrolytes are prone to decomposition when heated.

The melting point of organic matter is low, generally not exceeding 400. The polarity of organic matter is very weak, so it is mostly insoluble in water. The reaction between organic matter, most of which is an intermolecular reaction, often requires a certain amount of activation energy, so the reaction is slow, and catalysts and other means are often needed.

Moreover, the reaction of organic matter is more complex, under the same conditions, a compound can often carry out several different reactions at the same time to produce different products. Inorganic substances are inorganic compounds. Generally, it refers to the compounds of various elements other than carbon, such as water, salt, sulfuric acid, lime, etc.

However, some simple carbon-containing compounds such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, carbonates, and carbides are also studied as inorganic due to their similar composition and properties to inorganic substances. The vast majority of inorganic substances can be classified into four categories: oxides, acids, bases, and salts. Organic matter is not all polymer, for example, the common methane styrene is not inorganic, not all low molecular weight, such as molecular sieve, some ceramics are not, they are all inorganic polymer compounds formed by silicate condensation.

The original meaning of organic is to mean that there is life. Inorganic is inanimate. The specific difference is that organic matter is carbohydrates.

Organic matter, Lihan and other elements, inorganic matter is all chemicals except organic matter, collectively referred to as inorganic. For example, ethanol CH3CH2OH is an organic substance. Caustic soda NaOH is an inorganic substance.

Because the carbon atom is in the second period of the periodic table. Fourth main family. The outermost shell is four electrons.

It is not easy to lose these four electrons. It is also not easy to get electrons supplied by other atoms. So when the carbon atom is combined with other atoms.

It is often in the form of covalent bonds. And a single bond is commonly used between carbon-carbon. Double bond.

The form of a chain of three keys is long or ring-shaped. In the long chain, branch chains can be formed. It is also due to the different positions of the branches.

Different compounds can be formed, and adjacent edges can be between rings and rings. Many compounds can be produced from junctions, and oxygen is present in addition to carbon-hydrogen. Nitrogen.

Sulfur. Halogen. Elements such as phosphorus are involved.

Many hydrocarbon derivatives are formed, which can also be polymerized into polymer compounds. For example, sugars. proteins, etc.

So there are so many types of organic matter. Silicon, which is in the same main group as carbon, has similar properties. But not much has been discovered so far.

Germanium. Tin is a metal. Of course, there is no such nature.

Look at whether there is carbon in its chemical composition, but not all carbon-containing elements are organic carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonates, etc. You also know that carbon dioxide can make organic matter. That's the truth... Hehe.

Tolerance for water depends on what kind of sex it is. Water is polar, so if it is polar, it will be dissolved. Non-polar ones are insoluble. The original meaning of organic refers to life, and inorganic means inanimate.

Organic matter can be burned, but inorganic matter cannot be burned.

Elements in organic nature can be found in inorganic nature. Beg.

Carbon-containing compounds (other than carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonates).

The difference between organic and inorganic matter is mainly in the definition, composition, and classification.

Comparison diagram of organic and inorganic matter.

OrganicsIt is a general term for the content of carbon compounds or hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

InorganicsIt refers to all elements and their compounds except for organic segments.

Composition diagram of organic and inorganic substances.

Basically, all organic matter contains carbon compounds, but what contains carbon compounds is not necessarily organic matter; All organic matter contains carbon compounds, but not all organic compounds contain carbon compounds. There are many types of organic matter, which can be divided into two categories: hydrocarbons and derivatives of hydrocarbons; According to the carbon frame structure of organic molecules, it can also be divided into three categories: open-chain compounds, carbon ring compounds and heterocyclic compounds. Inorganic matter refers to the carbon-containing compounds that do not contain carbon elements, but include carbon-containing carbon oxides, carbonates, carbides, carbonyl**, alkane**, organic ligand complexes of metals and other carbon-containing species studied in inorganic chemistry.

Inorganic matter and organic matter are two important concepts in chemistry, and they are distinctly different in terms of composition, structure, properties and other aspects.

Differences in the constituent elements:

Inorganics: Inorganic substances are usually composed of inorganic elements, such as gold and iron elements (e.g., sodium and iron) and non-metallic elements (e.g., oxygen and nitrogen).

Organic matter: Organic matter is mainly composed of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) elements, and usually also includes elements such as oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), etc.

Presence of carbon: Inorganic: Inorganic matter usually contains no or only very small amounts of the element carbon.

Organics: Organic matter contains carbon-carbon (c-c) or carbon-hydrogen (c-h) bonds in its molecules, and carbon is the basic building block of organic matter.

Inorganics: Most minerals, metals, salts, etc. in nature are inorganic.

Reactivity and chemical properties:

Inorganics: The chemical properties of inorganic substances are relatively stable, often involving acid-base neutralization, redox and other reactions.

Organics: The chemical properties of organics are complex and diverse, including esterification, decarboxylation, amide formation, etc.

Melting point and boiling point:

Inorganics: Inorganics usually have higher melting and boiling points because inorganics often contain metallic elements.

Organics: The melting and boiling points of organic matter are usually lower because of the weaker intermolecular forces in organic matter.

It is important to note that while inorganic and organic matter were considered to be strictly distinct in the past, with the development of chemistry, some carbon-containing compounds have also emerged that have some characteristics similar to organic matter but do not meet the traditional definition of organic. Therefore, modern chemistry focuses more on molecular structure and properties, rather than relying solely on the presence or absence of carbon to distinguish between organic and inorganic matter.

Inorganic matter refers to inorganic compounds, generally referring to the compounds of various elements other than carbon, such as water, salt, sulfuric acid, lime, etc.

However, it includes oxides with carbon in the substance itself, such as carbonates, calcium salts, sulfates, nitrates, cyanides, etc. The vast majority of inorganic compounds can be classified into four categories: oxides, acids, bases, and salts.

Corresponding to inorganic refluxes is organic matter, which is a general term for carbon-containing compounds or hydrocarbons and their derivatives, mainly composed of carbon and hydrogen elements. Organic matter is the material basis for the production of life, and all living organisms contain organic compounds. The metabolism of organisms and the genetic phenomena of organisms are involved in the transformation of organic compounds.

The Lord asks a good question, how should we come to know inorganic and organic matter as part of this world? Do you know what organic matter is and what is inorganic? Are there any differences between them? So let me give you the answer.

Difference Between Organic and Inorganic Matter

1. The composition is different:Organic compounds contain carbon, and inorganic compounds generally do not contain arbusic carbon.

2. Different in natureOrganic compounds"The dilemma is the same"。That is, it is generally insoluble in water, difficult to electroosmosis only completely separated, easy to melt, and easy to burn. These characteristics of inorganic compounds are not obvious.

3. Different in structure:Organic is mainly connected by covalent bonds, while inorganic is mainly ionic bonds. Key features of organic:

Most of them are flammable, generally insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, slow reaction and side reactions, and have a wide variety (strong bonding ability of carbon atoms, isomerism).

Organic compounds

1. Concept:Usually people refer to compounds containing carbon as organic compounds, referred to as organic matter, such as methane, ethanol, glucose, starch, etc.

2. Features:Most organic compounds are insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, most organic compounds are easy to decompose when heated, and are easy to burn, combustion products are CO2 and water; The vast majority of organic compounds are not easily conductive and have a low melting point.

3. Classification:

1. Small molecules of organic matter:Relatively small mass separation, such as ethanol, methane, glucose, etc.

2. Organic polymer compounds:Referred to as organic polymers, their relative molecular mass is relatively large, from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands, and even as high as millions or higher, such as starch, protein, etc.

Inorganic compounds

1. Concept:Inorganic compounds are referred to as inorganics, which usually refer to compounds that do not contain carbon elements, but a few carbon-containing compounds, such as CO, CO2, H2CO3, CAC3, etc., do not have the characteristics of organic compounds and are classified as inorganic compounds.

2. Features:Inorganics generally refer to compounds that do not contain the element carbon. Some inorganic substances are soluble in water, but not in organic solvents, and most are non-combustible. Inorganic substances generally have simple chemical reactions, few side reactions, and fast reactions.

3. Classification:Inorganic compounds are divided into oxides, acids, bases, and salts according to the composition of the elements and the characteristics of the particles dissociated in water.

In summary, organic matter refers to organic compounds, that is, a general term for carbonaceous compounds, hydrocarbons and derivatives, which are a material basis for the production of life. Inorganic matter refers to inorganic compounds, which refer to some pure and simple carbon compounds that do not contain carbon elements.