The principle of making colored candles is solved with physical knowledge

A colored flame candle is a candle that, when lit, produces a flame of various colors such as red, green, blue, purple, yellow, and white. This kind of candle is used on various occasions such as birthday banquets, which will make people feel warm and colorful, and add a beautiful atmosphere to the celebration. In our country, with the improvement of the living standards of the people, this need has been put on the agenda.

As we all know, Christmas candles, which are in great demand abroad, have long been one of China's important export commodities. However, in the past, this kind of candle was limited to making it have a beautiful artistic shape, and if it can be made to emit a flame with a bright color, its sales market will be broader. Therefore, in recent years, the development of colored flame candles has attracted the attention of many manufacturers at home and abroad, and the research and development has progressed rapidly, and commercial production is being formed.

At present, the colored flame candles are mostly made of ordinary candles and then adding coloring agents. Most of the chromogenic agents use metal salts. When added, it is either added to the candle's main combustion agent, or it is adsorbed or adhered to the wick.

The colored flame candle made in this way, although it can emit a colored flame, the effect is not ideal, it can not get a larger colored flame, and it can not inhibit the paraffin wax and stearic acid from the main combustion agent.

and the yellow-orange flame produced when the wick burns. In order to suppress the yellow-orange flame emitted by the combustion of the main combustion agent, urethane was used.

or adipate instead of paraffin wax as the main combustion agent, but due to insufficient adhesion, can not get enough curing strength, resulting in the shape of the candle is difficult to maintain well. Increasing the amount of stearic acid can eliminate this disadvantage, but the result is a yellowish-orange color at the tip of the flame. Different from the above, this method is to add synthetic resin to the main combustion agent and make the combustion core and the color core independently configured, and then add an oxidation accelerator to the combustion core, and apply an oxidation accelerator on the color core, the hair color is bright, the flame is large, and there is no yellow-orange flame.

Features & Uses 1 Depending on the colorant used, it can emit bright colors of different colors when ignited. 2. Synthetic resin is added to the main combustion agent to improve the formability and shape retention of the candle; 3. The wick of the candle is composed of a burning core and a chromogenic core, and the two wicks are independently configured and matched with each other, so that the color of the candle is not only improved when burning, but also the yellow-orange color that appears is eliminated; 4. Oxidation accelerator is added to the combustion core, which burns fully and avoids the appearance of yellow-orange color; 5. In addition to adding the metal salt of the chromogenic agent, the chromogenic core is also coated with an oxidation accelerator, so the color is bright when burning. It is used for birthday banquets and other occasions to increase the warm and cheerful atmosphere.

The thread in the middle of the candle is called the wick, and it acts as a liquid wax to absorb the oil. When the candle is first produced, there is already solid wax oil on the wick, and when you light the candle with fire, the solid wax oil is heated, first melted and then vaporized, and then the wax oil vapor is ignited by the fire, so that the candle is ignited.

When the candle burns, it emits heat to dissipate the solid wax oil below, which is sucked up by the wick and continues to be heated, vaporized, and ignited by the fire above, thus forming a cycle.

Note: Only gaseous wax can burn, neither solid wax oil nor liquid wax oil can burn!

In the dark night, the candle brings light to humanity, and when the candle burns, the wax becomes less. If you look closely, you will find that when burning, the wax under the wick of the candle is melted, and how does the wax burn?

When lighting a candle, the wick of the candle is lit first, and when the heat temperature of the flame is about 60, the solid wax will melt into a liquid. Underneath the candle flame, liquid wax is stored. The liquid wax climbs up along the wick of the candle and is heated by the fire to turn into gas.

The closest thing to the wick is the wax that has just turned into gas. If you blow out the candle flame, you can see a wisp of "white smoke" rising above the wick. This is the gaseous wax that has not burned, and if you ignite this "white smoke" immediately, the flame will quickly return to the wick and the candle will burn again.

The waxy liquid state becomes the gaseous state, which is the function of the wick. Put a yarn (candle wick) in a bottle filled with kerosene and light a fire at the top end of the yarn, which will also burn continuously. The kerosene, which ran to the yarn, was heated into gas by the flame and burned.

In this way, the yarn plays the role of transporting the liquid, turning the liquid into a gas, so that the combustion continues. As long as the wax of the liquid can climb up, the candle can burn even if the core is not made of yarn. Several wires are mixed together and ignited at the upper end of the metal core, and the wax pre-coated on the wire burns.

The heat generated by the combustion also causes the wax underneath to melt and turn into a liquid that climbs up, so the candle can continue to burn. Wire transfers heat quickly compared to yarn, so as the candle burns, the wax around the core melts quickly, creating a deep pit.

Why do liquids such as wax and kerosene climb to the core? You can do an experiment, put a glass tube in water, and the water can rise up in the tube, and the thinner the tube, the higher the water rises, which is the capillary phenomenon. The wax, which turns into liquid, climbs up through the gaps in the thread of the candle wick, like water.

The wax must be attached to the wick before it can burn.

The candle burning we see is not the burning of the paraffin solid, but the ignition device ignites the cotton wick, and the heat released melts the paraffin solid, and then vaporizes to generate paraffin vapor, which is combustible.

When the candle is lit, the flame that initially burns is smaller and gradually larger, and the flame is divided into three layers (outer flame, inner flame, and flame center). The flame center is mainly candle vapor, the temperature is the lowest, the inner flame paraffin burns inadequately, the temperature is higher than the flame center, because there are some carbon particles, the outer flame is in full contact with the air, the flame is the brightest, the combustion is full, and the temperature is the highest, therefore, when a match stem is quickly put into the flame, about 1 second later, take it out, the match stem contact with the outer flame part first turns black.

At the moment when the candle is blown out, a wisp of white smoke can be seen, and the white smoke can be lit with a burning match, which can rekindle the candle, so it can be proved that the white smoke is a solid tiny particle produced by the condensation of paraffin vapor.

When a candle burns, the products of combustion are carbon dioxide and water. Chemical expression: paraffin + O2 (ignition) CO2 + H2O. The combustion phenomenon in the oxygen cylinder is that the flame is bright and emits white light, emitting heat, and there is a mist of water on the wall of the cylinder.

Simple proof experiment:

Light the candle, cover a cold and dry beaker above the candle for 5 minutes, and then quickly invert the beaker, and find that the inner wall of the beaker is blurred and water droplets are formed, indicating that the candle burns to produce water.

A small amount of clarified lime water was added to the beaker and shaken, and it was observed that the clarified lime water became turbid, indicating that the candle burned to produce carbon dioxide.

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Candles are a necessity for birthdays, and there are often not enough candles in the cake shop, so why not make some candles by yourself, and they are also colored candles! The materials to be prepared are colored crayons and wax.

Materials and methods.

1.Find a discarded canned beverage bucket (such as a liter Coke bottle), neatly cut off the lid, and cut the wax into the bucket.

2.Put the bucket in hot water and stir the wax inside to dissolve it all, preferably with boiling water.

3.Pour the melted liquid into a nicely shaped container (such as a heart box with small pieces of chocolate). Don't pour too much, of course, you should first put the thread in the container as a wick.

4.Melt the colored crayons in hot water and set aside.

5.After the original wax has cooled, pour the melted colored crayon liquid into the container according to the above method. In this way, the wax of different colors is added layer by layer, and the beautiful candle is made.

This way, you have a very unique birthday candle.