What is the bronze made of, please everyone, thank you

Bronze ware, known as "gold" or "jijin" in ancient times, is an alloy of red copper and other chemical elements such as tin and lead, and its patina is blue-green. The use of bronze tools began in the late Neolithic period in Turkey and Iraq, as well as copper beads excavated from ancient tellramad sites in Syria.

The first thing that appeared in China was small tools or ornaments. The Xia Dynasty began to have bronze vessels and weapons. By the middle Shang period, the variety of bronzes was already abundant, and inscriptions and fine patterns appeared.

From the late Shang period to the early Western Zhou Dynasty, it was the heyday of the development of bronze ware, with a variety of types, thick and dignified, gradually lengthened inscriptions, and rich patterns. Subsequently, the bronze carcass began to thin and the ornamentation was gradually simplified. From the late Spring and Autumn period to the Warring States period, due to the popularization and use of ironware, copper tools became less and less.

During the Qin and Han dynasties, as pottery and lacquerware entered daily life, the variety of copper vessels decreased, the decoration was simple, mostly plain, and the carcass was thinner.

The production of bronzes generally goes through several processes such as smelting, modeling, melting and casting, and decoration. Ore smelting is to smelt natural ore into pure copper at high temperature, and then mixed with tin to melt, when melting, part of the tin gasifies and forms yellow-white gas, when the copper melts, there is a blue flame color, when there is a green and white gas, copper, tin has reached a completely fused state. According to the requirements of making the shape of the vessel, the "mold" is first molded with clay and other materials.

If there is a decorative pattern, it should be carved out on the mold wall first. After the mold is dry, the clay flakes are made of fine mud and attached to the outside of the tire to make an outer fan. In the center of the outer fan, an inner fan should be made, and the spatial distance between the inner fan and the outer fan is the thickness of the wall.

Between the inner and outer fan, it is generally necessary to use nails or tenons to avoid dislocation, and the outer fan can be cast with rope or thick mud and other things after fixing. Melting casting is to cast the refined bronze liquid in the mold, and after the bronze cools, the model is removed to become a bronze. With the development of technology, some patterns are completed through carving, inlay, gold and silver mistakes, gilding and other techniques, and the use of these decorative methods makes the bronze more gorgeous and gorgeous.

Bronze refers to copper-based alloys with tin as the main alloying element. Bronze originally refers to copper-tin alloy, and later copper alloys other than brass and white copper are called bronze, and are often preceded by the bronze name, the name of the first main addition of elements.

The casting performance of tin bronze has good anti-friction performance and good mechanical properties, and it is suitable for manufacturing bearings, worm gears, gears, etc.

Lead-to-Dan bronze is a widely used bearing material in modern engines and grinding machines. Aluminum bronze has high strength, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is used to cast gears, bushings, marine propellers, etc. for casting high loads.

Beryllium bronze and phosphor bronze have high elastic limit and good electrical conductivity, which is suitable for the manufacture of precision springs and electrical contact element parts, and beryllium bronze is also used to make non-spark tools used in coal mines, oil depots, etc.

The uses of bronzes are as follows:

1. Eating utensils: Ding is equivalent to today's pot, which is used for cooking or serving fish. Most of them have round bellies, two ears, three legs, and there are also four-legged square tripods.

2. Wine and drinking vessels: Jue, drinking vessels. It is equivalent to a wine cup in the afterlife. There is a stream for pouring wine in front of the round belly, a tail in the back, a handle (handle) on the side, two pillars in the mouth, and three pointed feet under it.

3. Water container: 罍 (léi) wine or water container. There are two forms, square and round. square, broad-shouldered, two-eared, covered; It has a round belly, ringed feet, and two ears. Both shapes generally have a nose for wearing on the lower part of one side.

4. Musical instruments: Musical instruments were popular in the army during the Shang Dynasty. It is in the shape of a disc and is basically the same as that of a cymbal.

5. Weapons: The Yue is a weapon used by kings and nobles to chop, and it is also a torture weapon and ritual weapon that symbolizes power. It is shaped like a plate axe and an axe, and is larger.

6. Ritual vessels: Bronze ritual vessels are used by slave owners and nobles for ceremonial activities such as sacrifices, feasts, court appointments, conquests, and late funerals, etc., to represent the user's status level and power, and are heirlooms for the establishment of the country. There are many kinds of bronze ritual vessels, huge quantities, and exquisite craftsmanship, and their existence is a distinctive feature of ancient Chinese bronzes.

Earliest Bronze:

The earliest bronzes appeared 6,000 years ago in the valley of the two rivers in ancient Babylon. Large bronze knives carved with the image of a lion during the Sumerian civilization are representative of early bronzes.

In China, 5000-4000 years ago, it is equivalent to the era of Yao Shunyu legend. Ancient texts record that people began to smelt bronze at that time. In the Longshan period ruins in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, bronze artifacts have been found in dozens of ruins through archaeological excavations.

Chinese bronzes mainly refer to bronze artifacts made of copper and tin more than 4,000 years ago, referred to as "bronze ware". Including cooking utensils, food utensils, wine vessels, water vessels, musical instruments, carriage and horse ornaments, bronze mirrors, belt hooks, weapons, tools and measuring instruments. It appeared and was popular 4,000 years ago until the Qin and Han dynasties, and the Shang and Zhou artifacts were the most exquisite.

1. Bronze ware is a variety of utensils made of alloys of red copper and other chemical elements such as tin and lead. Bronze mainly refers to the pre-Qin period with copper tin alloy made of utensils, popular in the late Neolithic period to the Qin and Han dynasties, with the Shang and Zhou artifacts are the most exquisite, the first appearance is small tools or ornaments, the Xia Dynasty began to have bronze containers and weapons.

2. The west refers to the ornamentation on many bronzes in the Coarse Zhou period, and there are several kinds of ornamentation coexistence in the layout method, which is very complex, and the method of arranging the ratio of virtual and real, vertical and horizontal, and sparse density is mainly adopted, so that the pattern changes are rich and colorful, but the symmetry is very strong. In addition, the Western Zhou Dynasty ornamentation has the application of primary and secondary ornamentation, that is, there are generally several kinds of ornamentation on the bronze ware in the Western Zhou Dynasty, but only one kind of code ornament is the main body, and its characteristics are obvious only to talk about the town, generally occupy a significant position, and the area is very large.

Bronze definition: A copper-based alloy with tin as the main alloying element. Later, some Wuxi bronzes were developed, such as aluminum bronze, beryllium bronze, etc.

Bronze originally referred to copper-tin alloy, and later copper alloys other than brass and cupronickel were called bronze, and were often preceded by the name of bronze with the name of the first main added element. The casting performance of tin bronze has good friction reduction performance and good mechanical properties, and is suitable for the manufacture of bearings, worm gears, gears, etc. Lead bronze is a widely used bearing material in modern engines and grinding machines.

Aluminum bronze has high strength, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is used to cast high-load gears, shaft sleeves, marine propellers, etc. Beryllium bronze and phosphor bronze have a high elastic limit and good electrical conductivity, making them suitable for the manufacture of precision springs and electrical contact elements, and beryllium bronze is also used to make non-spark tools used in coal mines, oil depots, etc.

Bronze is an alloy of red copper and tin, because of the color of blue gray, hence the name bronze. Due to the relatively low melting point of bronze, it is about 800; It has a high hardness, more than twice that of copper or tin, so it is easy to melt and cast. At the beginning of the Bronze Age, the proportion of bronze tools was small, or even stone tools; In the middle and late stages, the proportion gradually increased.

With the advent of bronze and the consequent increase, the level of productivity of agriculture and handicrafts increased, and the material conditions of life gradually became richer, and the invention of bronze casting played an epoch-making role compared with the Stone Age.

The earliest in the world to enter the Bronze Age was in places such as the Two Rivers Valley and Egypt, which began in 3000 BC.

Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin, with a tin content of about 5% to 10%. It is also sometimes referred to as a binary or multi-alloy of copper and aluminum, silicon, beryllium, and manganese. These alloys are also known as special bronzes.

Tin-free bronze, also known as tin-free bronze, generally has high corrosion resistance, good lubricity, high electrical conductivity, and good mechanical properties. Tin bronze is an alloy that has been applied in China for a long time, and this alloy has good castability and high corrosion resistance. It is chemically stable in seawater, dilute sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide solution, and very dilute sodium carbonate solution.

It is used to cast bearings, pump casings, valves, and gears. Special bronze can be used to make mechanical parts, etc.