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1. The judicial system in the early Qing Dynasty.
Judiciary system. ** Three Divisions; local fourth-instance level; Banner People Judiciary.
Triage system. triage of three divisions; Jiuqing triage; Autumn Review; court trial; Hot review.
Prison Lift System. Prison Hall; "Prepare for the Exam".
2. Changes in the judicial system at the end of the Qing Dynasty.
Loss of judicial sovereignty. the system of consular jurisdiction of foreign countries in China; The system of triage of public parties.
Reform of the judiciary system. the Department of Justice of the Judicial-Administrative Organs; Four-level three-trial system; Examination and inspection system.
Reform of the litigation and adjudication system. establishing the principle of judicial independence; distinguish between civil and criminal proceedings; Establish a lawyer and defense system.
Reform of the prison administration system. Preparation of a draft prison law; reform of prison administrations; Establish a new type of "model prison".
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In addition, there are "annotations" for the interpretation of the law, including official notes and legal family explanations, which have legal effect after being officially selected and approved. In addition, there are rules, which are equivalent to the orders of the Han and Tang dynasties, which are some administrative rules. The canon can also be regarded as a legal form, Kangxi 29 years compiled the "Qing Huidian", the book "to the official category, to the official class", listing the institutional structure of each official office, the establishment of the position, the authority to govern, and the examination of its historical evolution and the attached examples or rules of the past years.
The Huidian is a compilation of the administrative system of the Qing Dynasty, which is a political document of the official system and has the attributes of an organizational code. The "cases" of the Qing Dynasty cannot be regarded as a source of law.
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The "Great Ming Law" of the Ming Dynasty, the "Great Qing Law" of the Qing Dynasty? What are you asking?
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The most reactionary thing in the Qing Dynasty was to force the Han people to wear long braids, and when they entered Yangzhou and Jiading, they proposed to "keep your head without hair, and keep your hair without your head".Han Chinese who do not obey will be beheaded....
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Hello, the Qing Dynasty's policy of closing the country to the outside world made the Qing Dynasty fall behind the world.
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1. The "Laws of the Great Qing Dynasty", which was created in the early years of Shunzhi (at that time it was called the "Supplementary Regulations of the Great Qing Dynasty"), was completed in the Qianlong period after the improvement of the Kangxi Yongzheng period, and was officially renamed the "Laws of the Great Qing Dynasty", which was divided into seven chapters to attack 436 laws, with 1049 regulations, and was based on the criminal law.
2. "The Great Qing Dynasty". Compiled by the Kangxi Dynasty, with administrative law as the mainstay, the administrative system and administrative regulations of various ** institutions were formulated. Later, Yongzheng Qianlong Jiaqing Guangxu also followed, and together they became the "Five Dynasties of the Qing Dynasty".
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In the fifth year of Shunzhi, the "Supplementary Regulations of the Great Qing Dynasty Laws and Regulations" was formulated.
In the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), the Criminal Department compiled the current rules, and in the 28th year of Kangxi, the rules were included in the regular law.
In the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), 436 articles of the "Great Qing Dynasty Laws Collection and Interpretation" were promulgated, and the law was supplemented with regulations.
In the fifth year of Qianlong (1740), the "Laws of the Great Qing Dynasty" was compiled, and the supplementary regulations were added during the Tongzhi period (1862 1874), and the actual status and role of the regulations gradually overrode the laws.
The Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) was the last feudal dynasty in China and the beginning of the rule of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal state. The laws and regulations of the Qing Dynasty inherited the origins of the development of feudal law, some of which were revised according to the Ming law, and some of which were supplemented and developed on the basis of the old Manchurian law. By the beginning of the 20th century, the law was changed and revised, and the laws of capitalist countries were modeled.
Therefore, the laws and regulations of the Qing Dynasty not only had the nature of both class oppression and national oppression, but also reflected the interests and demands of foreign invaders as the nature of society changed after the Opium War in 1840.
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At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the revision of the law introduced the bourgeois legal system and principles, broke the inherent structure of China's various laws, and marked the beginning of the disintegration of the Chinese legal system, which had lasted for more than 2,000 years. The revision of the law at the end of the Qing Dynasty not only reflected the will of the landlords and bureaucratic compradors, but also reflected the interests and demands of the imperialist invaders. In the form of bourgeois law, certain clauses were retained to defend feudal exploitative relations and to enforce the name of the religion, which expressed the nature of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal legal system.
In the sixth year of Hongwu (1373), it was divided into six sections: officials, households, rites, soldiers, and criminal workers. In the twenty-fourth year, each of the six departments was set up to one person in the matter, and the eight products were in charge of the department affairs, and one person was set up on the left and right sides of the matter, and one person was assigned to assist the directors from the eight products. The number of people in each section is 4 in the official department, 8 in the household department, 6 in the rite department, 10 in the military department, 8 in the criminal department, and 4 in the engineering department. >>>More
Tong Yangzhen, Tong Yangxing, these two brothers are a pair of big traitors, and later "Zhenjiang Fort Victory", Tong Yangzhen was beheaded. As an early traitor, Tong Yangxing also had an in-law relationship with Jiannu (Nurhachi often sent daughters and granddaughters to traitors), and later became a relative of the emperor.
The Geges of the Qing Dynasty had their own special houses after they got married, and the concubines could also take concubines. After Gege moved out of the palace, it was difficult to enter the palace again, and he gradually became estranged from his relatives in the palace.
The policy of closing oneself to the outside world refers to a national policy of closing oneself and not having contact with the outside world, which is a typical isolationism. Strict restrictions on foreign economic, cultural, and scientific exchanges have resulted in China's overall national strength and development lagging behind those of Western countries.
He belonged to the Qianlong Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty. He was a very good politician and writer. He had many masterpieces, such as the Siku Quanshu and the Notes on Reading Wei Caotang, and many people at the time admired his wisdom.