How many years ago was the universe formed, and the universe was formed hundreds of millions of year

About 15 billion years ago, in a "big **" that "there was no yesterday", the universe we have today was born.

Using entire galaxies as lenses** for other galaxies, researchers have recently used a precise method to measure the size and age of the universe, and how rapidly it expands. This measurement confirms the usefulness of the "Hubble constant", which indicates the size of the universe and confirms that the universe is about 100 million years old. (What the Scientists Say ...

Now the farthest galaxy that humans can see is about 15 billion light-years, and the Earth is 23,000 light-years away from the Milky Way, so the Earth may be far from the center of 15 billion light-years, which means that the visible universe is far more than 15 billion light-years. Even if it is 15 billion light years, can the speed of ** be compared to the speed of light? So to create a distance of 15 billion light years, it would take an infinite number of 15 billion years.

Countless 15 billion years, maybe hundreds of billions of years, or even longer years ago, the universe began to form. Otherwise, the universe could not have been created with a singularity.

According to the latest WMAP data, the universe occurred 13.7 billion years ago, which is usually understood as 100 to 20 billion years ago.

According to current data, the universe was formed about 14 billion years ago.

The universe was born 13.7 billion years ago.

The universe was formed by a great ** that occurred about 13.7 billion years ago; And all the matter and energy in the universe are gathered together and condensed into a very small volume, and the temperature is extremely high. The universe refers to matter and space-time; Moreover, the mainstream view in modern cosmology is that the origin of the universe originated from a large **, which evolved from a state of extremely dense and extremely high temperature in the past, and reached a state through continuous expansion, which is called the grand theory of the universe or the theory of singularity.

The universe was born 13.7 billion years ago, and the universe was formed by a big ** that occurred about 13.7 billion years ago; And all the matter and energy in the universe are gathered together and condensed into a very small volume, and the temperature is extremely high.

The universe refers to matter and space-time; Moreover, the mainstream view in modern cosmology is that the origin of the universe originated from a large **, which evolved from a state of extremely dense and extremely high temperature in the past, and the state reached by continuous expansion of the base bend tomb, which is called the grand ** theory of the universe or the big ** theory of singularity.

1. Astronomers estimate it to be 13 billion to 14 billion years.

2. Astronomers have used the Hubble space telescope to observe the oldest white dwarf star in the Milky Way galaxy discovered so far, which provides a new way to determine the age of the universe. The newly estimated age of the universe is about 13 billion to 14 billion years.

3. Astronomers told NASA's press conference that these ancient white dwarfs were discovered in a globular cluster called M4 located in the constellation Scorpio, 7,000 light-years from Earth. Analysis shows that these white dwarfs are about 12 billion to 13 billion years old.

4. White dwarfs are the products of the burn-out of early stars in the universe, and they will gradually cool down with age, so they are regarded as the ideal "clock" to measure the age of the universe. Astronomers have metaphorically said that estimating the age of the universe with the help of white dwarfs is like using embers to guess when a charcoal fire will go out. But the problem is that white dwarfs get fainter and fainter due to constant cooling, which is a difficulty to overcome in actual observations.

5. In the process of observing the M4 globular cluster, the observation capability of the "Hubble" space telescope has been exerted to the limit. It took the telescope's camera eight days out of 67 days to capture the faintest and hottest white dwarf to date. These white dwarfs are extremely faint and less than 1 billion times brighter than the faintest stars that can be seen by the naked eye.

6. The newly discovered white dwarfs were the first stars in the universe. Earlier observations by the Hubble space telescope showed that the first stars in the universe may have formed less than 1 billion years after the birth of the universe's "big **". Therefore, taking these 1 billion years into account, combined with the latest white dwarf observations, the age of the universe should be between 13 billion and 14 billion years, which is basically consistent with some of the earlier results.

7. The previous inference of the age of the universe was mainly based on the calculation of the expansion rate of the universe. Astronomers point out that white dwarf observations provide a completely different and independent means that will help to verify and reconcile results obtained by other methods.

The creation of the universe about 13.7 billion years ago, began with a big **, which is of course the mainstream scientific conclusion.

Excerpt from A Brief History of Time

The idea of inflation also explains why there is so much matter in the universe. In the universe that we can observe, there are roughly 100 billion, billions (1 followed by 80 zeros) particles. Where do they come from?

The answer is that in quantum theory, particles can be created from energy in the form of particle anti-particle pairs. But this only raises the question of where the energy comes from. The answer is that the total energy of the universe is exactly zero.

The matter of the universe is made up of positive energy; However, all matter is attracted to each other by gravity. Two pieces of matter that are close to each other have less energy than two pieces of matter that are very separate, because you have to expend energy to overcome the gravitational pull that pulls them together to separate them. In this way, the gravitational field has negative energy in a certain sense.

In the case of a universe that is roughly the same in space, one can show that this negative gravitational energy just cancels out the positive energy represented by matter, so the total energy of the universe is zero.

Twice as many as zero remain zero. In this way, the universe can double its positive material energy and negative gravitational energy at the same time, without breaking its conservation of energy. This did not happen during the normal expansion of the universe.

At this time, when the universe grows larger, the energy density of matter decreases. However, this does happen during inflationary periods, because as the universe expands, the energy density of the supercooled state remains the same. When the volume of the universe doubles, both the positive matter energy and the negative gravitational energy are doubled, and the total energy remains zero.

In the inflationary phase, the size of the universe increases by a very large multiple. In this way, the total energy that can be used to make particles becomes very large. As Gus said:

It is said that there is no such thing as a free lunch, but the universe is the most thorough free lunch. ”

Do you have to ask when a universe with no beginning and no end was formed?

It's not right to say that it is limited. Think about it. Space is infinite, time is also infinite, the universe originally meant all space and all time, of course, there is no beginning and no end, and infinity.

There are also mistakes in the words of scientists.