Why has modernization not become the main thread of China s modern history?

The Chinese nation has two major historical tasks: national independence and national prosperity (modernization), and only by realizing national independence can modernization be completed. Old China was always in the abyss of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and such a social nature could not and could not complete modernization.

Therefore, national independence and social democracy are the main lines of exploration.

In general, China pays too much attention to spiritual civilization, while the West pays attention to material civilization. This is an important reason why Chinese civilization has become the only civilization in the world that has never been in the middle. China is good at studying the relationship between people, people and society, and people and nature, while the West is good at research, that is, humanities and social sciences, while the West focuses on natural sciences.

It can be said that China is good at subjective feelings, and the West is good at objective and rational analysis. Since the Industrial Revolution, the West's economy and military have advanced by leaps and bounds, while China is in a state of avoiding the borders of the country, and its military power is beyond its reach. As a result, it was wantonly invaded by Western powers.

Western civilization is doomed to decline, and the economic crisis is the result of the extreme expansion of its materialistic desires. Therefore, some of them advocated learning the Chinese idea of the unity of nature and man, so as to achieve harmony between man and nature. It's a bit messy, but I'm sure you can still understand it.

Modernization translated into English is modernization, and in China it is translated as modernization, in a strict sense, modernization refers to the learning of developing countries from the developed countries of the West, from industrialization and urbanization, and industrialization is relative to the traditional agricultural economy, and urbanization is relative to the traditional rural areas. In China's modern history, the Chinese nation has two major historical tasks: national independence and national prosperity.

China's national capitalist economy was born in modern China, a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and was deeply oppressed by imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism. The most important task of modern China is to overthrow the oppression of the three mountains and achieve national independence and national prosperity.

In the final analysis, it is still the short-sightedness of the Qing **, and Zheng He was allowed to go to the West in the Ming Dynasty, but he was not out in the Qing Dynasty, everyone was developing, China was not moving, and foreigners were moving, so we became sleepy dragons, but fortunately we finally woke up later.

The so-called modernization and modernization are actually industrialization.

The only difference is a matter of timing. Industrialization before 1949 was called modernization, and the industrialization after that was called modernization.

China was a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

The history of the struggle of the Chinese people to realize the two historical tasks of "national independence and people's liberation" and "national prosperity and strength and common prosperity of the people," that is, the history of realizing the great rejuvenation of the nation on the basis of liberating and developing the productive forces, is the theme of China's modern and modern history.

Since modern times, there have been four main lines of Chinese history:

1. The historical process of the Chinese people opposing foreign aggression, striving for national independence and liberation, expanding international participation, and stepping into the forest of nations in the world in modern times.

2. Since modern times, the Chinese people have sought prosperity through the strong, liberated and developed productive forces, and realized the historical process of modernization.

III. The historical process of the Chinese people's struggle for and realization of people's democracy in modern times.

Fourth, the historical process of the Chinese people seeking truth from the West, choosing Marxism, and Sinicizing Marxism and contemporary development in modern times.

The theme of China's modern history is that in the process of seeking national independence, the Chinese are constantly studying the West, developing capitalism, and promoting the modernization of Chinese society. The main line was the aggression of the Western powers, and China was reduced step by step to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

The theme of modern Chinese history is that in the process of seeking national independence, the hand pure Chinese name is constantly and deeply studying the West, developing capitalism, and promoting the modernization process of Chinese society. The main line was the aggression of the Western powers, and China was reduced step by step to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The struggle of the Chinese people seeks a way to save the country and the people.

Modern Chinese history refers to the 181-year history of China since 1840. China's modern and modern history, in terms of its mainstream and the essence of the Lu Potato School, is a history of heroic struggle and arduous exploration by generations of Chinese people and people with lofty ideals to save the country. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people of all nationalities are waging a great and arduous struggle.

The history of winning national independence and people's liberation through the Xinmin Revolution; Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the people of all ethnic groups in China have gradually transformed an extremely poor and weak old China into a socialist new China that is initially prosperous, full of vigor and vitality, through socialist revolution, construction and reform.

The theme is the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The main line is the historical process in which the Chinese people have opposed foreign aggression and fought for national independence and liberation in modern times, as well as China's transition from isolation to openness, expanding international participation, and stepping into the forest of world nations and into the center of the world.

The main line is the historical process in which the people of China have liberated and developed the productive forces through the social revolution in modern times, marched toward modernization, and built a great modern socialist country. The main line is that the advanced Chinese in modern times have sought truth from the West, and in the process have chosen Marxism, and promoted the historical process of Sinicizing Marxism.

The law and understanding of the history of China's modern social and economic development.

1 Knowledge system of the history of modern and modern social and economic development in China:

Foreign enterprises: After the Opium War, foreign enterprises began to rise in treaty ports. After the First Sino-Japanese War, capitalist countries invested in and set up factories in China, and for the first time achieved the status of legal sparrows.

At the end of the 19th century, the imperialist countries exported capital to China on a large scale. At the beginning of the 50s of this century, the people took over the imperialist enterprises in China.

Western-style enterprises: In the 60s and 90s of the 19th century, under the banner of "seeking strength" and "seeking wealth", the Westernists successively set up a number of modern military industries and civilian industries, which is a symbol of China's transition from handicraft production to large-scale machine production, and also a symbol of China's modernization, but it did not make China embark on the road of prosperity and strength, and the defeat of the First Sino-Japanese War declared the bankruptcy of the Westernization movement.

National capitalist industry: In the sixties and seventies of the 19th century, national capitalist industry emerged in China, which was a new mode of production and increasingly impacted the foundation and superstructure of the feudal economy. After the First Sino-Japanese War, China's national capitalism was initially developed, and the development of the cotton textile industry was particularly prominent.

1912 In 1919, there was a short spring in China's national industry, with more than 600 new factories and mines, and the textile and flour industries developed the fastest, and patriotic industrialists such as Zhang Jian, Zhou Xuexi and the Rong brothers emerged. Under the ingenuity of bureaucratic capital and imperialism led by the four major families, the national industry became bankrupt day by day. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was on the verge of collapse.

After the establishment of the new Nakano Sokuko, it underwent socialist transformation.

Chinese bureaucratic capital: Formed during the Second Civil Revolutionary War, it was the economic foundation of the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang and swelled dramatically during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. After the founding of New China, the people confiscated the bureaucratic capital represented by the four major families and the property of the people.

Economic Activities of the Communist Party of China: During the period of the democratic revolution, due to the purpose of the Communist Party of China and the needs of the revolutionary war, the military and civilians in the leading base areas became self-reliant and worked hard to develop production. The economy of the base areas includes a variety of economic components, such as the state-run economy, the cooperative economy, and the private economy, which is the new democratic economy and represents the direction of China's economy.

In the spring of 1949, the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held, and it was pointed out in the report that after the victory of the revolution, the party's general task was to transform China from a blind agricultural country into an industrial country. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the party confiscated bureaucratic capital and national property, took over imperialist enterprises in China, transformed national capitalist industry, commerce and agriculture, and established a socialist economic system.

In 1956, the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) also set the policy of steady progress in economic construction in a comprehensive balance. In the subsequent comprehensive construction of socialism, due to lack of experience and eagerness to achieve results, some detours have been taken, but development is the mainstream. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, the national policy of reform and opening up was established, and the productive forces were vigorously developed, and China's socialist modernization entered a new period of development.

There are two main lines.

1. With the aggression of the Western powers, China gradually degenerated into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society (Opium War, Sino-French War, First Sino-Japanese War, Eight Nations).

2. The struggle of the Chinese people seeks the way to save the country and the people (from the landlord class, the peasant class, the bourgeoisie, the proletariat, each of them tried, and finally found a revolutionary road suitable for China).

Modern times: The aggressive activities of the Western powers opened up China's modern history, provoked the resistance and struggle of various classes, and China's politics, economy, and ideology also changed accordingly along the lines of political democratization, economic industrialization, and ideological enlightenment, and gradually civilized social life.

It is divided into three aspects: politics, economy, ideology and culture.

Politically, the main line is to seek independence and democracy, economically capitalist industrialization, and ideological and cultural Westernization and modernization influenced by the "European wind and rain".

That is, the Chinese people oppose imperialism and feudalism and strive for national liberation and independence. After the new democratic and socialist revolutions. Build socialism.

The alternation of aggression and resistance by the great powers, the old democratic revolution and the new democratic revolution.

China's modern history began with the Opium War in 1840 and lasted until the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949.

Modernization refers to the process of transformation of human society from a traditional agricultural society and agricultural civilization to a modern industrial society and industrial civilization since the 18th century. This is a rich, multi-layered, and multi-faceted process of social change. Human society has undergone profound changes in various fields and levels, such as economy, politics, cultural thought, social system, social life, and historical subjects.

The result of the modernization movement, known as modernity, represents the characteristics of modern society. The characteristics of modern society include the following aspects: industrialization and marketization of the economy, democratization and legalization of politics, scientificization and popularization of ideology and culture, urbanization and welfare of social life, rationalization and subjectivity of the individual as the subject of history, and so on.

To measure the level of modernization and development of a country, we mainly look at its degree of industrialization and economic development. The basic meaning of modernization is that the development of science and technology will bring about changes in the mode of production in society, thereby promoting the tremendous improvement of social productive forces and the rapid growth of the economy. Economic modernization is the foundation and driving force for the modernization of the entire society, and without a certain economic strength and the material basis for modernization, it is impossible for any society to modernize and change.

However, because China did not have enough strength to develop in modern times, it has always been mired in war, that is, oppression and resistance, and neither the bourgeoisie nor the landlord class is enough to bring China into modernization.