Who, where, and how verified Einstein s general theory of relativity

As early as 1914, before Einstein had calculated the correct deflection of light, he had already written to Besso: "Whether the eclipse observation is successful or not, I have no doubt about the correctness of the whole theoretical system." There is also a widely circulated story about when the news of the prophecy was confirmed, Einstein was in class, and a student asked him what he would do if his prophecy was proven wrong.

Albert Einstein said, "Then I will feel sorry for my dear God, after all, my theory is correct." In 1930 Albert Einstein wrote:

I think the main significance of general relativity lies not in predicting some weak observational effects, but in the simplicity of its theoretical foundation. ”

In Einstein's view, it is the inherent simplicity of general relativity that guarantees its "correctness". The 1919 confirmation did bring credit to Einstein, but that was outside of science; The 1919 confirmation may have made more people "believe" that the general theory of relativity was "correct", but it was largely only "convincing". From the perspective of the history of science, the mode of progress of the precise mathematical sciences does have such laws and characteristics:

They are often elaborate theoretical models constructed using the most advanced mathematical knowledge available at the time, and their "correctness" is largely guaranteed by their inherent simplicity and unity. Although they will inevitably give testable predictions, such as Copernicus's heliocentric theory predicting sidereal annual parallax, Einstein's general theory of relativity predicting the bending of light, and Hawking's black hole theory predicting Hawking radiation, those theories should and can be considered scientific without waiting for these predictions to be confirmed.

So does the "confirmation of the prophecy" have any other meaning than to bring Einstein glory other than science? The author believes that the confirmation of a theory through observation plays a crucial role in the acceptance of the theory by the scientific community. In the case of theorists such as Albert Einstein, he was confident that the correctness of the theory was intrinsically guaranteed.

For many others, they do not have the ability to judge the correctness of the theory on the basis of a deep understanding of the theory, so they can only judge the correctness of the theory by adopting a model such as "prophetic confirmation" that can be effective in other occasions. This "more others" includes a complex composition of populations, from more specialized researchers to the general public. In the eyes of the theorists and "many others", the criteria for the "correctness" of theories are also clearly inconsistent.

Albert Einstein was convinced in 1914 that his theory was correct; The general public, who had received scientific information from newspapers and the like, believed that Einstein was right in 1919; For more professional researchers, it took more than half a century of repeated tests before they dared to say that the general theory of relativity was correct at the level of understanding at that time.

Eddington in England used the method of observing a solar eclipse to verify this.

No matter how impeccable any scientific theory seems, experiments are needed to prove its correctness, and the scientific results that have won the Nobel Prize have been verified before they are awarded, and if Hawking radiation had been proven while Hawking was still alive, Hawking might have a chance to win the Nobel Prize.

The two pillars of modern physics are the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics, both of which have been proved to be correct by experiments, while the theory of Xiangxiaobi is divided into special relativity and general relativity, the former studies the state of objects when they are close to the speed of light, and the latter describes the mechanism of gravitational force and makes a series of **.

The mass-energy equation in the special theory of relativity reveals the relationship between mass and energy, and the reason why the atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb are so powerful is because the mass-energy conversion rate of nuclear materials far exceeds that of ordinary chemical materials. The proof of the time dilation effect has evolved from the atomic clock installed at the base and top of the tower to the artificial satellite that orbits the earth at high speed today.

The general theory of relativity is mainly to add gravity to it, in which the gravitational field equation ** black holes and gravitational waves, as well as Einstein lenses and mass distortion of space-time caused by the deflection of light, the relevant verification can be traced back to the British scientist Eddington after World War I to use the deflection of light around the sun during a total solar eclipse. The existence of free black holes and gravitational waves and Einstein lenses have also been discovered and verified in recent years, and the advent of the first black hole not long ago has once again proved the correctness of Einstein's general theory of relativity on a cosmic scale.

Although the theory of relativity has been proven, physicists know that the theory of relativity is not the ultimate theory, and that there are more advanced and fascinating theories ahead for them to discover and create.

Einstein proved the correctness of the general theory of relativity by a priori in physics. （）

a.That's right. b.Wrong chain error.

Correct answer: B