Since when have Chinese characters been used? 5

Retrospectively Chinese characters have undergone more than 6,000 years of change, and their evolution process is:

Oracle Bone Inscription, Jin Wen, Xiao Seal, Lishu, Kaishu, Xing Shushang) (Zhou) (Qin) (Han) (Wei Jin) The seven fonts of "Jiajin Seal Licao Kai Xing" above cursive are called "Chinese Character Seven Bodies".

Chinese characters, or Chinese characters, are a Chinese invention of the metamorphographic writing system (also known as Chinese). Chinese characters are also among the oldest and only forms of Chinese characters that have survived to this day, and are estimated to date back more than 4,000 years. Kanji is also used in many East Asian Chinese languages, such as Japanese and Korean, as well as ancient Vietnamese.

Three Emperors and Five Emperors Cangjie made words.

Archaeological and documentary records show that at least four or five thousand years ago, Chinese characters, were born and matured. Regarding the history of the origin of Chinese characters, based on the existing ancient documents and archaeological discoveries that have been confirmed, there is at least four or five thousand years of history, and the history of the origin of Chinese characters is the beginning of ancient Chinese civilization, so we usually say that the Chinese nation has a history of 5,000 years of civilization.

Since its appearance, Chinese writing has gone through a long process of development such as early pictorial scripts, oracle bone scripts, ancient scripts, seal scripts, official scripts, regular scripts, line scripts, cursive scripts, and various printing fonts gradually derived to meet the requirements of printing after the invention of printing. Among them, the oracle bone script is regarded as the earliest stereotyped script in China.

This means that it was used about 5,000 years ago.

1. Chinese characters have undergone more than 6,000 years of changes, and their evolution process is: oracle bone inscription (Shang) Jin Wen (Zhou) big seal (Qin) small seal (Qin) Lishu (Han) Kaishu (Wei and Jin) Xingshu, the above seven fonts of "Jiajin Seal Licao Kaixing" are called "Chinese Character Seven Bodies."

1. Oracle bone inscription: The text written on tortoise shells and animal bones at all times in the Shang Dynasty is called "oracle bone inscription". Started from the Shang Dynasty.

2. Jin Wen: It is an inscription cast on bronze in the Shang and Zhou dynasties. Also known as Zhong Dingwen. Jin Wen has thick and wide strokes, and the dot painting is round, and Jin Wen is more standardized than oracle bone inscriptions.

3. Great Seal: In the late Western Zhou Dynasty, the shape of Jin Wen tended to be linear, and the strokes were relatively neat and symmetrical.

5. Lishu: The strokes of the seal script are round. The symbolism is clearly greatly strengthened. The small seal text is standardized, but it is inconvenient to write, and a simpler font is popular among the people, called Lishu.

6. Regular script: In the late Han Dynasty, official script evolved into regular script. There are no changes to the glyph knots, and it is easier to write.

7. Cursive: Cursive is characterized by joint strokes, simple knots, and unrestrained glyphs.

8. Xingshu: Xingshu is a font between regular script and cursive script, which is simpler than regular script and easier to identify than cursive script.

2. About Chinese characters.

1. Origin: The Chinese archaeological community has released a series of excavated materials related to the origin of writing earlier than the Yinxu oracle bone inscription. The Jiahu inscription has been physically determined by carbon 14 and is about 7762 years (128 years) old; There are also 7,000 years ago Shuangdun inscriptions, 6,000 years ago Banpo pottery symbols, more than 5,000 years ago Qingdun ruins inscriptions, Zhuangqiao tomb ruins text with words into sentences, Dawenkou pottery symbols, Yaoshun era Tao Temple ruins Zhu Wen, Xia Ruin water book.

The early bone inscriptions are rich writing systems, and the later ones belong to the initial maturity stage. These archaeological discoveries may be important clues to the origin of Chinese characters, or they may be different sources of the development of various scripts.

In the early 80s of the century, on the pottery excavated at the Dengfeng Xia cultural site in Henan, a more complete text was found. This is the earliest written language that has been confirmed by scholars to have an exact age in Japan so far.

3. Introduction: Chinese characters are one of the oldest scripts in the world, with a history of at least 4,000 years, and the earliest existing recognizable mature Chinese character system is the oracle bone script of the Shang Dynasty. In form, Chinese characters gradually change from graphics to strokes, pictograms to symbols, and complexity to simplicity. In the principle of word making, from the form, ideogram to shape and sound.

With very few exceptions, it is one syllable per character.

The production of Chinese characters is well documented, dating back to the late Yin Shang dynasty in the 14th century BC, when a preliminary stereotyped script, known as oracle bone inscriptions, was formed.

14th century BC.

Chinese characters appeared around the 14th century BC, and the oracle bone inscription that appeared in the late Yin Shang period is widely regarded as the first form of Chinese characters, which has been developed to this day.

Appearance of Chinese characters:

1. Chinese characters, also known as Chinese, Chinese characters, and square characters, are record symbols of Chinese and belong to the morpheme syllabic characters of ideograms. One of the oldest written languages in the world, more than 6,000 years old.

2. In the form gradually from the figure to the stroke, the pictogram to the symbol, the complex to the simple, in the principle of word making from the form, ideogram to the shape and sound, except for a very few Chinese characters (such as 瓩, 兛, 兣, 呎, 嗧, etc.), are a Chinese character and a syllable.

It should be noted that Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Vietnam and other countries have been deeply influenced by Han culture in history, and even their languages have borrowed Chinese language and writing.

3. Modern Chinese characters refer to the regular block characters after italization, including traditional Chinese characters and simplified Chinese characters, and modern Chinese characters have evolved from oracle bone script, golden script, Zhou script, seal script, to official script, cursive script, regular script, line script, etc.

4. Chinese characters were invented, created and improved by the ancestors of the Han nation, and are an indispensable link to maintain the various dialects of the Han nationality. The earliest extant recognizable Chinese characters are the oracle bone inscription of the Yin Shang and the later Jin inscription of the Yin Shang in about 1300 BC, and then to the small seal and Lishu of the Qin Dynasty, to the prevalence of the Lishu of the Han and Wei dynasties, and to the end of the Han Dynasty, the Lishu Kai became the positive letter, which prevailed in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and is still in use.

5. Chinese characters are the longest continuously used script so far, and they are also the only ones that have been passed down to the present day in the major writing systems of ancient times. <>

Ancient Chinese characters existed in clan communes, and the truly recognizable and mature ancient Chinese characters were the oracle bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty, and the maturity and widespread application of Tang Kai made the standardized use of Chinese characters reach its peak.

It should have been from the Shang Dynasty, and none of the specific Chinese characters should have been from the Shang Dynasty, and none of the specific Chinese characters have been confirmed.

Chinese characters were implemented from the Han Dynasty, which not only provided fertile ground for the development of Chinese characters, but also began to flourish from then on.

Chinese characters, also known as Chinese characters, Chinese characters, and national characters, is a script widely used in the Chinese character cultural circle, belonging to the ideogram morpheme syllabic script, invented and created and improved by the Chinese people in ancient times, and the current exact history can be traced back to the oracle bone script of the Shang Dynasty about 1300 BC. Then to the small seal of the Qin Dynasty, it was named "Chinese characters" in the Han Dynasty, and it was not until the Tang Dynasty that Kaihua became the handwritten font standard used today - Kaishu. Some scholars believe that Chinese characters are one of the key elements that maintain the long-term unity of the north and south of China, and some scholars list Chinese characters as the fifth greatest invention in China.

Chinese characters have been the main official language in all Chinese dynasties. Regarding the history of Chinese characters, based on the existing ancient documents and archaeological discoveries that have been confirmed, it has a history of at least 5,000 years, and the history of the origin of Chinese characters is the beginning of ancient Chinese civilization, so we usually say that the Han people have a history of 5,000 years of civilization.

Archaeological and documentary records show that Chinese characters originated in the Yangshao culture period of the Neolithic Age, about 4000 BC, and began to enter the stage of character accumulation in 2000 BC, and a fairly systematic writing system has been formed in the Shang Dynasty.

Simplified and traditional characters.

The name Chinese character, named after the Han and Han dynasties, is the most spoken script in the world, and it is also the most widely circulated script.

In the course of the evolution of Chinese characters over thousands of years, there have been many divergences. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in the 50s of the 20th century, special institutions were organized to standardize the morphological and phonetic meanings of Chinese characters, commonly known as "simplified characters" (Chinese characters before the 50s were commonly known as "traditional characters"), and popularized and popularized reference books such as "Xinhua Dictionary" and "Modern Chinese Dictionary", on which Chinese characters and traditional (variant) characters were simplified side by side. At present, simplified Chinese characters are used in Chinese mainland, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and other Southeast Asian regions, and "traditional Chinese characters" are still used in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.

Regarding the origin of Chinese characters, there have always been different opinions from different schools, among which the more influential theories are: knotted rope theory, gossip theory, carved deed theory, Cangjie character creation theory, carving theory and picture theory.

The development of Chinese characters.

The earliest surviving Chinese characters are the oracle bone inscriptions of the Yin Shang period in about 1300 BC, and later appeared in the Jin script, which evolved into the Great Seal in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and then to the Nai Xiao Seal of the Qin Dynasty to unify the six national characters, and the official script appeared at the end of the Qin Dynasty, the cursive script appeared in the Western Han Dynasty, and the regular script and the line script appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The strokes of oracle bone inscription, golden inscription, and seal script are continuous and tactful, and the strokes of Lishu become horizontal and vertical, becoming pure square characters, which are easy to write, and have become the division between ancient and modern Chinese characters.

From the ancient legend of Cangjie to the discovery of oracle bone inscriptions more than 1,000 years BC, Chinese scholars have been working to unravel the mystery of the origin of Chinese characters. Regarding the origin of Chinese characters, there have always been different opinions, among which the more influential theories are: knotted rope theory, gossip theory, carved deed theory, Cangjie character creation theory, carving theory and picture theory.

Chinese characters are by far the longest continuously used script, and they are the only ones that have been passed down to the present day among the major writing systems of antiquity, and Chinese characters have been the main official script in all Chinese dynasties.

Before the 20th century, it was still the official written standard script of Japan, the Korean Peninsula, Vietnam, the Ryukyus and other countries, and all East Asian countries created their own Chinese characters to a certain extent.

In the non-Chinese system, Japan has formulated a "List of Commonly Used Chinese Characters", South Korea has also formulated "Basic Chinese Characters for Nuclear Shed Education", and Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia and other countries that used Chinese characters in history have now abandoned Chinese characters.