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When the first cold wind.
Gently blow the Buddha on your face when you are in the face.
Whether you're aware of it or not.
Winter begins to warn solemnly.
No one can stop me.
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Eastern Han DynastyCai LunSumming up the experience of people in papermaking in the past and innovating the papermaking process, it was finally made into "Caihou paper".
In the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor Yuanxing (105 AD), Cai Lun invented the use of bark, broken fish nets, rags, hemp and other raw materials on the basis of summarizing the experience of his predecessors in manufacturing Bianzen silk fabrics, and made plant fiber paper suitable for writing, so that paper became a commonly used writing material.
This paper is cheap, of high quality, and the raw materials are easy to find, so it is gradually becoming commonly used. By the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the use of paper had been fully popularized and gradually spread to neighboring countries, contributing to the development of culture around the world.
Introduction of Cai Hou Paper:
Cai Lun is Guiyang.
Cai Lun is Leiyang County, Guiyang County of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
people, that is, Leiyang City, Hunan Province.
person, once in charge of the imperial utensils Shang Fangling. He used bark, hemp, rags, fishing nets, and a series of processes such as frustration, pounding, copying, and baking to make paper, which was dedicated to Emperor He in the seventeenth year of Yongyuan (105). The paper he made is called "Caihou paper".
However, in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, paper was not widely used, and people's writing materials were still based on simple bamboo slips and silk silks. In the Jin Dynasty, papermaking.
Spread to the Yangtze River Basin.
There are abundant papermaking raw materials, and better paper has also been produced, which has been widely promoted. The prevalence of copying and collecting books in the Jin Dynasty benefited from the popularization of paper.
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In 105 AD, Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
On the basis of summarizing the experience of the predecessors in manufacturing silk fabrics, he invented the use of tree bark, broken fishing nets, rags, hemp and other raw materials, and manufactured plant fibers suitable for writing.
paper, this kind of paper is called "Caihou paper".
Cai Lun (61 63 - 121 years), the name Jingzhong, was a native of Guiyang County in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty.
In the last year of Yongping, he entered the palace to give things, and in the second year of Zhang He (88 AD), Cai Lun was promoted to the middle and standing attendant because of his contribution to the queen mother, and Cai Lun was honored as Jiuqing.
He also served as Shang Fangling. Cai Lun summarized the papermaking experience of people in the past, innovated the papermaking process, and improved the papermaking technology.
Finally, "Cai Hou paper" was made. In the first year of Yuanxing, he reported to the imperial court, the Han Dynasty and the emperor.
Ordered the promotion of his papermaking method. In the first year of Jianguang (121 AD), he committed suicide due to power struggle.
Cai Lun's improved papermaking technique was listed as one of the "Four Great Inventions" in ancient China.
It has made outstanding contributions to the spread of human culture and the progress of world civilization, and has been highly respected by people for thousands of years. It is regarded as the originator of papermaking and the "paper god" by paper workers. In Mike Hart's "List of 100 Celebrities Who Influenced the Course of Human History," Cai Lun ranked seventh.
Cai Lun was on the list of "Best Inventors of All Time" published by Time magazine in the United States. The opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games showcased Cai Lun's improved papermaking skills.
Cai Lun, who was improving papermaking, supervised the manufacture of various utensils used in the palace. He picked out tree bark, torn linen, old fishing nets, etc., and asked the craftsmen to chop them up and soak them in a large pool. After a period of disgust, the debris in it rotted, but the fibers were not perishable, so they were retained.
He then asked the craftsmen to scoop up the soaked raw materials, put them in a stone mortar, stir them constantly until they became a slurry, and then pick up the sticky thing with bamboo strips, and when it was dry, it was removed and turned into paper. Cai Lun led the craftsmen to trial and error, and tried to produce paper that is not only light and flexible, but also easy to use, wide and cheap.
In the first year of Yuanxing, Cai Lun presented paper to Emperor Han He, Cai Lun wrote the method of papermaking into a fold, and presented it to the emperor together with the paper, which was appreciated by the emperor, and he ordered the world to use and promote it inside and outside the imperial court, and all the official offices of the imperial court and all parts of the country were regarded as miracles. Nine years later, Cai Lun was named "Marquis of Longting", with 300 households. Due to the gradual implementation of the new papermaking method throughout the country Cai Lun invented, people called this kind of paper "Cai Hou paper".
Cai Lun's improved papermaking along the Silk Road.
Passing through Central Asia. Western Europe spread to the whole world and played an indelible contribution to the inheritance and development of world civilization.
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It was Cai Lun, who improved the papermaking technique, and then improved the writing rate and utilization rate of the paper, and after the improvement, the paper that was changed can be used for writing, and the paper produced is fiber paper. Simple sedan car.
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Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty improved papermaking, and it was particularly influential in the cultural field and history, and also laid a good foundation for the development of the papermaking industry.
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Cai Lun improved papermaking, and he used grass roots and bark to make paper, which reduced the cost of papermaking and promoted the development of papermaking.
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Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty improved papermaking, promoted the development of papermaking, and made new research and breakthroughs.
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In 105 AD, Cai Lun improved the papermaking operation and promoted the development of Chinese culture.
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Cai Lun improved papermaking, controlled grass roots and bark to make paper, reduced the cost of papermaking, and promoted the growth of papermaking.
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1. Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Papermaking has been improved.
2. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, paper was already available in China. The original paper was made of hemp skin fibers or hemp fabrics, because the papermaking technology was still in its early stages, the sail was poor, the paper made was rough in texture, with more unloosened fiber bundles, the surface was not smooth, and it was not suitable for writing, and was generally only used for packaging.
3. In the first year of Yuanxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (105), Cai Lun improved papermaking. He used bark, hemp head and raw materials such as cloth, fishing nets, etc., through frustration, pounding, frying, baking and other processes to make paper, which is the origin of modern paper.
4. The raw materials of this kind of paper are easy to find, very cheap, and the quality has been improved, and it is gradually widely used. In order to commemorate Cai Lun's achievements, later generations called this kind of paper "Cai Hou paper".
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The invention period of papermaking was the Western Han Dynasty. Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China, which was invented in the Western Han Dynasty of the Han Dynasty and improved in the Eastern Han Dynasty of the Han Dynasty. Papermaking is the crystallization of the long-term experience and wisdom of the ancient Chinese working people, and it is an outstanding invention in the history of human civilization.
In the first year of Yuanxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (105), Cai Lun improved papermaking. He used bark, hemp, cloth, fishing nets and other raw materials, through frustration, pounding, frying, baking and other processes to make paper, is the origin of modern paper. This kind of paper, which is easy to find raw materials, is very cheap, and the quality has also improved, and it is gradually becoming more popular.
In order to commemorate Cai Lun's achievements, later generations called this kind of paper "Cai Hou paper".
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The invention of papermaking was in the Western Han Dynasty. Papermaking is obscure.
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During the Eastern Han Dynasty, China invented papermaking, and the papermaking improver was called Cai Lun. This also had an important impact on the later papermaking technology. Brother Yin only has epoch-making intentions.
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An important historical figure in the eastward improvement of papermaking technology is Cai Lun Biju, who finally made "Cai Hou Paper" by summarizing the previous people's hand-making experience to make paper experience and new papermaking technology.
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It was Cai Lun, Cai Lun was actually a eunuch, and the paper he made was also known as "Cai Hou Paper".
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The first is the separation of raw materials, which is to degum the raw materials in the lye solution by soaking or cooking, and disperse them into fibers; The second is pulping, which is to cut off the fiber by cutting and pounding, and make the fiber broom, and become pulp; The third is copying, that is, the pulp is soaked into a slurry, and then the pulp is scooped out with a paper grazer (mat), so that the pulp is interwoven into a thin sheet of strong wet paper on the paper grab; The fourth is drying, that is, the wet paper is dried or dried, and when it is removed, it becomes paper.
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During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun improved papermaking.
It makes papermaking one of the four great inventions in ancient China.
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With the development of productivity, of course, technology will gradually innovate
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