How many experiments are there in space teaching? What are the experiments? What is the principle of

1. Quality measurement.

2. Single pendulum movement.

3. Gyroscopic movement.

4. Water film and water polo experiments.

Space experiments refer to scientific research experiments carried out on spacecraft (including satellites, space shuttles, space laboratories, etc.) using special equipment with the help of microgravity, high vacuum and ultra-clean environmental conditions in space.

The purpose of the space experiment is to reveal the mechanism of the fluid-related process producing different results from the ground environment under microgravity conditions due to the elimination of the effects of gravity on sedimentation, buoyancy, convection, etc. For example, buoyancy disappears in liquids, and the mixing and suspension of substances can be controlled; Under microgravity conditions, defect-free, high-quality single crystals, polycrystals and semiconductors can be prepared.

Spring tension experiments, uniform speed variable speed linear motion, and electrical experiments can be done. As long as there are experiments on gravity, it will not work.

Experiments in space teaching: mass measurement experiments, single pendulum motion experiments, gyroscopic motion experiments, water film and water ball experiments, etc.

1. Quality measurement experiment.

Gravity is caused by the attraction of the Earth, and there is no gravitational force of the Earth in space, so it is impossible to measure gravity with a spring dynamometer. Astronaut Wang Yaping explained that the principle of weighing equipment in space is to measure the acceleration of body movement with the constant force generated by the "spring-cam" mechanism and the grating velocimetry system, and calculate the mass of the body according to Newton's second law (f=ma).

2. Single pendulum motion experiment.

The ball on the rack in space does not swing back and forth as it does on the ground. In space, because the weightless ball has no recovery force and cannot do reciprocating oscillation, but if the ball is given a small initial velocity, it can move in a circle around the pendulum axis, but it needs a large enough initial velocity on the ground to achieve it.

3. Gyroscope motion experiment.

In space, give a stationary top a primordial swimming force, and you will see the top tumbling in its previous motion. Giving the same force to the spinning top, it is found that the spinning top is shaking and moving forward. Because the high-speed rotating gyroscope has good orientation, many equipment in the capsule use the principle of gyroscope orientation.

4. Water film and water balloon experiments.

In space, water doesn't flow out on its own. Wang Yaping said, "The poet Li Bai can't write poems that fly down 3,000 feet in space. "When an astronaut squeezes out a small droplet, the droplet is suspended in the air.

The astronauts also demonstrated how ordinary water can make a water film. Because the surface tension of the water in space plays a role, the water film will not break easily when it shakes back and forth.

Water is added to the water film, and the water film gradually thickens into a water ball. The astronauts also used a syringe to inject red liquid into the water balloon, and found that the liquid slowly spread out and the transparent water balloon turned into a red water ball.

Space science education will be one of the important functions of the space station

With the long-term operation of China's space station in orbit, China's first space science education brand "Tiangong Classroom" will be launched in series, and Chinese astronauts will serve as "Tai Escort Zhipinkong Teachers", and will be carried out in the form of a collaborative interaction between heaven and earth. In the future, China will carry out a series of space science popularization education activities.

Yang Yuguang of the International Astronautical Federation's Space Transportation Committee said that in the future, the scope of teaching content will be more extensive, not only limited to physical and chemical phenomena under microgravity conditions, but also space science research and engineering research.

Secondly, more in-depth and influential activities will be carried out, China already has a CubeSat made by students, and with the space launch mission carried into space, there will also be space science experiments designed by students into space in the future.

Space teaching is a popular science activity conducted by Chinese astronauts, aiming to show space science knowledge and experiments to primary and secondary school students across the country. On April 23, 2018, Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping conducted the first space lecture on the Tiangong-2 space station, demonstrating the following experiments:

1.Physical experiments under weightlessness: Wang Yaping demonstrated the physical grinding and collision elimination experiments in weightlessness, including experiments such as water droplet flipping, water balloon enlargement, milk reflux, etc., and showed the students the physical phenomena in weightlessness.

2.Plant Growth Experiment: Wang Yaping showed the students the growth of rice, wheat, corn and other plants grown in space, and introduced the growth conditions and experimental process of plants in space.

3.Space Food Experiment: Wang Yaping showed the students the space food made in space, including space cakes and space noodles, and introduced the production process and nutritional composition of space food.

4.Space Lab Experiments: Wang Yaping showed the students some of the experiments conducted in the Space Lab, including experiments such as centrifuges, light microscopes, and aerogels, so that the students could learn about scientific experiments and research in space.

Space teaching is a very meaningful science popularization activity, through the popularization of space science knowledge and experimental demonstration, it can stimulate students' interest and love for science, and improve their scientific literacy and innovation ability.

The space classroom did space "ice and snow" experiments, water and oil separation, liquid bridge demonstration experiments, and experimental space parabolic experiments.

1. Space "ice and snow" experiment - warm "ice hockey".

The water bag containing the supersaturated sodium acetate solution was removed, and then gently squeezed, and a liquid ball with blisters slowly "ran" out of the mouth of the tube and hovered in the space station module. Immediately after touching the liquid ball with a small stick stained with powder, the liquid ball with the blisters begins to "freeze". In the space "ice and snow" experiment, Wang Yaping demonstrated this magical physical phenomenon for everyone.

2. Water and oil separation experiment - "inseparable" water and oil.

In the water-oil separation experiment, Wang Yaping held a bottle containing two kinds of liquids, and the bottom was transparent drinking water, and on top was a yellow cooking oil.

In general, because the density of water is greater than that of cooking oil, when the two liquids are mixed on the ground, the oil will float on top of the water, forming a stable stratification phenomenon. Even after shaking, after a few moments, the two liquids, water and oil, will be stratified.

But buried in space is different. After shaking, the water and oil in the vial in Wang Yaping's hand were mixed together, and the water and oil were not naturally stratified. Because there is no gravity and buoyancy in space, after shaking the bottle, the oil becomes small oil droplets, which are evenly dispersed in the water, and after dispersion, they do not separate.

So in space, you need to make a gravity to throw it up, which is actually how the centrifuge works.

3. Liquid bridge demonstration experiment - "continuous pulling" liquid bridge.

A liquid bridge is a section of liquid that connects two solid surfaces. In the liquid bridge demonstration experiment, Wang Yaping held two transparent plastic plates, Ye Guangfu squeezed water on the surface of the plastic plates, and the two plastic plates gradually approached, and the water connected a "bridge" between the plates. Miraculously, Wang Yaping then gently pulled the plastic plate with both hands, and the "bridge" was still not broken.

In space, the experiments demonstrated by the liquid bridge can be used to study the properties of some liquid microfluids. However, due to the weak surface tension of the liquid, it is not easy to achieve the liquid bridge phenomenon in a normal gravity environment. Because there is gravity on the ground, gravity pulls the liquid downward.

4. Space parabolic experiment - the "ice pier" of the somersault

In the space parabolic experiment, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu threw the "Bingdundun" in turn, and it did not fall down with the trajectory of the parabola, but moved at a constant speed in the original direction. In fact, this is the most intuitive embodiment of the microgravity environment of the space station.