The formation of the climate zone of the climate zone, how are the five climate zones of the earth f

Solar radiation is a fundamental factor in the formation of climatic zones. The distribution of solar radiation on the surface of the earth is mainly determined by the solar altitude angle. The solar altitude angle decreases with the increase of latitude, which not only affects the temperature distribution, but also affects the air pressure, wind system, precipitation and evaporation, so that the earth's climate presents a zonal distribution according to latitude.

The ancient Greeks first put forward the concept of climate zones, and divided the global climate into five climate zones (or astronomical climate zones) with the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer and the South and Arctic Circles as the boundaries. This zoning reflects the basic law of the horizontal distribution of the earth's climate, but it is quite different from the actual situation because it does not consider the difference in the properties of the underlying surface and the role of atmospheric circulation on climate formation. With the accumulation of climate data, mankind's understanding and division of climate zones have gradually improved.

a.In 1879, Su Pan proposed to divide the global climate into five climatic zones: tropical, southern temperate, northern temperate, southern and northern arctic with the annual average temperature of 20 isotherms and the 10 isotherms of the warmest month as indicators. From 1900 to 1936, Coppen divided the global climate into five climatic zones (main climate types) (main climate types) based on temperature and precipitation as indicators: tropical rainy climate, arid climate, warm rainy climate, cold snow forest climate and ice and snow climate (see Köppen Climate Classification).

The climatic zones divided by temperature and precipitation indicators are closer to reality than astronomical climatic zones. л.According to the relationship between climate and natural landscapes in 1925, Berg divided the global lowland climate into the following according to the average monthly temperature

There are 11 climate zones (types) of tropical rainforest climate, Sawanna climate, tropical desert climate, temperate inland desert climate, subtropical forest climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe climate, temperate monsoon climate, temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest climate, taiga (taiga) climate, and tundra climate (see Berg climate classification). 1936 1949,Alisov divided the global climate into the following according to the position of the prevailing air masses and climatic fronts and their monsoon changes

There are four basic climate zones of the equatorial zone, the tropical, temperate zone and the polar zone, and the three transitional climate zones of the sub-equatorial zone (sub-equatorial monsoon zone), subtropical zone and subpolar zone, and in addition to the equatorial zone, there are one zone in each of the southern and northern hemispheres of the other zones, and there are a total of 13 climate zones in the world (see Alisov Climate Classification). This zoning not only reflects the properties of solar radiation and underlying surface, but also reflects the transport of heat and water by atmospheric circulation and ocean currents, and comprehensively reflects the comprehensive role of climate forming factors. 1959 In 1978, Strahler and Strahler divided the global climate into low-latitude, mid-latitude and high-latitude climate zones based on the source, distribution and location of air masses (see Strahler Classification of Climate).

What are the distribution characteristics of each climate zone?

Because the position of the sun changes frequently near the equator and between the Tropic of Capricorn, a climate zone is formed.

Because the area of the earth is very large, and the degree of sunlight irradiation is different in each region, different climate zones are formed.

The division of climatic zones has evolved along with the history of climatology. The earliest ancient Greek scholar Aristotle once divided the earth into five climatic zones: tropical, southern temperate, northern temperate, southern and northern arctic boundaries, with the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer and the South and Arctic Circles as the boundary. It is divided entirely according to astronomical factors, i.e., the height of the sun and the length of day and night, that is, according to the amount of solar heat received by various parts of the earth's surface.

Therefore, this division is often referred to as astroclimatic zones. But its name is the name of the climate, and it can be seen that the five zones of astronomy are the basis of the climate zone.

In addition, the five belts divided by the four parallels of the Tropic of Cancer and the Polar Circle are all certain latitude zones, so it can be said that the five belts are latitude zones.

A climate zone is a climate taxonomic unit that is roughly parallel to the latitude circle and circulates the earth in a belt-like manner, and is the largest climate zone unit on the earth.