What are the processes that have gone through in the evolution of spacesuits to get to today s light

1959 statue, wearing the "Project Mercury" suit, a full-body vacuum suit for a 1-year high-altitude mission.

In the early days, spacesuits could only be used by astronauts in the cockpit of spacecraft, and later spacesuits for extravehicular use were developed. The modern new extravehicular spacesuit has a liquid-cooled cooling structure, which can be used for astronauts to go out of the capsule or go to the moon for investigation.

At the beginning, the space suit was transformed into a light suit like a heavy padded jacket.

From the bulky and heavy at the beginning, a lot of lightweight materials were added to make a lightweight spacesuit, which is convenient for astronauts.

The original spacesuit, which was bulky and could only be used inside the capsule, evolved into a spacesuit that could be used outside the capsule, and the unique material made of the spacesuit was lightweight and very comfortable.

Spacesuits generally consist of a closed helmet and a closed suit. The helmet is made of transparent polycarbonate and is coated with a thin metal layer to protect it from strong radiation such as ultraviolet and infrared rays from the sun. Oxygen and pressurization can be provided inside the helmet.

Airtight suits are usually made of several layers of special materials such as fire-resistant polyamide fabrics with high temperature resistance, which are sandwiched with several layers of aluminum foil, which have the functions of heat insulation, protection against cosmic rays, and protection against the impact of meteor showers in space.

In 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin ushered in the era of manned spaceflight in the SK-1 pressure suit worn by Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin on April 12, 1961 on the Vostok 1 spacecraft.

I have experienced a lot, and I have changed it by relying on the opinions of previous astronauts.

Since 1973, Russian cosmonauts (USSR) have been equipped with Sokol spacesuits.

Went through a lot, all kinds of scientific tests.

Dr. Tang Xinyuan was born into a Tang textile family in Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, and grew up in Shanghai. In 1936, he went to the United States to study for a master's degree, and then returned to China and served as the director of Xiexin Woolen Mill, professor and vice president of China Textile University, Shanghai Textile College, and China Textile Institute. In 1949, he went to the United States again to further his studies and received a doctorate.

After that, he worked at the Space Center in Houston as chief engineer, where he was the only Chinese at the time.

From "Mercury", "Gemini", "Apollo" to today's space shuttle, the spacesuits used in all stages of American space development over the past 30 years have all come from Tang Xinyuan's hands, and even the spacesuits needed for the future space station were designed and completed in advance before retirement. When solving the problem of astronauts urinating, Tang Xinyuan invented a diaper that can absorb 1400 ml of water, which was later also transferred to civilian use.

In 1987, Dr. Tang Xinyuan, the inventor of the space suit, was awarded the "Special Engineering Achievement" Medal, the highest honor awarded by the United States, and the "Space Technology Hall of Fame", the highest honor awarded by the Space Society. Tang Xinyuan, 78, chose to retire honorably on the eve of the 25th anniversary of the human moon landing, which was only approved at his repeated requests.