Scientific research achievements of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Link to the postgraduate examination materials of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The Chinese Academy of Sciences is not one of the four botanical gardens, but three botanical gardens and two research institutes.

They are the South China Botanical Garden, the Xishuangbanna Regaozi Botanical Garden, the Wuhan Botanical Garden, the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, and the Kunming Institute of Botany.

1. The address of South China Botanical Garden is No. 1190, Tianyuan Road, Longdong, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, formerly known as the Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Botany of National Sun Yat-sen University, founded in 1929 by the famous botanist Academician Chen Huanyong;

2. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden is located in Menglun Town, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, founded in 1958; Obscurity.

3. The address of Wuhan Botanical Garden is Moshan, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was established in 1956 and November 1958;

4. The address of the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing is No. 20, Nanxin Village, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, which was formerly known as the Institute of Static Biology established in 1928 and the Institute of Botany of the Beiping Research Institute established in 1929, and changed to the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1953;

5. Kunming Institute of Botany is located in Kunming City, Yunnan Province, and was established in July 1938.

In the early days of liberation, in order to develop the national economy and scientific research as soon as possible, China hired a group of Soviet experts to come to China to help with construction. At the suggestion of Soviet experts, in 1955, the ** Health Research Institute acquired 1,000 acres of land in Xibeiwang (now the Institute of Medicinal Plants) in the western suburbs of Beijing, established a medicinal plant plantation, and established two experimental stations in Yunnan and Hainan. At that time, there were more than 20 researchers in the medicinal plant plantation, and Lou Zhiqin, Chen Jingrong and other experts were hired for guidance, so that the medicinal plant plantation had the ability to research work.

In 1957, the ** Health Research Institute and Peking Union Medical College merged to establish the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. The medicinal plant planting farm was transformed into a subordinate unit of the Institute of Pharmaceutical Research of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, and the medicinal plant cultivation experimental field named the Institute of Pharmaceutical Research has a cultivation room. In 1959, a herbarium was established in the test site, which at that time housed more than 1,800 specimens of medicinal plants.

After the completion of the herbarium, it has received delegations from Japan, France, and the Soviet Union to visit the garden. In the same year, ginseng planting bases were established in Ji'an and Fusong, which opened a new chapter in ginseng research in China. The first international ginseng academic conference of historic significance in China was held in Xibeiwang.

In 1983, on the basis of the medicinal plant cultivation test field and cultivation room of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, the Institute of Medicinal Plant Resources Development of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences was formally established, with Comrade Xiao Peigen as the director and Comrade Yu Pu as the secretary of the Party Committee, who contributed to the establishment of the institute and the rapid development of the first ten years, and also laid a solid foundation for the future development of the institute. In order to meet the requirements of national scientific and technological management, the Institute of Medicinal Plant Resources Development was renamed the Institute of Medicinal Plant Resources in 1994. Since then, Yang Shilin, He Wei, Ding Guojian, Gao Haiquan and others have served as the director and secretary of the Institute of Medicinal Plants.

With the strong support and care of the party and the state, after more than 20 years of development and construction, the scientific research strength and economic foundation of the Institute of Medicinal Plants have undergone tremendous changes.

Since the establishment of the Botanical Garden, about 98 scientific research achievements have passed the expert appraisal, including 8 national awards, 14 awards of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 38 ministerial, provincial and national association awards, and more than 10 registered patents. There are about 310 new and superior varieties and varieties that have been introduced, selected and cross-bred. The important achievements include: research on the breeding of new grape varieties, research on the collection, preservation and evaluation of safflower germplasm, research on the introduction and application of bison grass, ex situ conservation of rare and endangered plants, breeding of sweet sorghum, seed swelling and chilling injury and osmotic regulation, and research on natural antioxidants.

Research and demonstration of key technologies for breeding and cultivation of new varieties of aromatic plants

With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Academy of Sciences and the Xinjiang Corps project, and in cooperation with the Fourth Agricultural Division of the Xinjiang Corps, the research on the key technologies for the breeding and cultivation of aromatic plants such as lavender and peppermint was carried out in the Yili area of Xinjiang, and 5 excellent germplasms were screened, and the rapid propagation technology system and optimized cultivation technical specifications were established, and the planting of 20,000 mu was promoted, which laid the foundation for promoting the rapid development of Xinjiang's natural spice industry. In 2010, it passed the appraisal of scientific and technological achievements organized by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Cheng Jian Zi [2010] No. 017 of the Chinese Academy of Sciences).

The Institute of Medicinal Plants has also undertaken a large number of major international and domestic projects. Includes:

National Natural Science Key Project "Basic Research on Sustainable Utilization of Medicinal Fungal Resources" (2009);

Construction of the National Natural Product Standard Library, a special project of the Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China (2008);

"863" Special Project of the State Ocean, "Utilization Technology of Mangrove Endophytic Fungal Resources in South China Sea" (2008);

The key project of the National Science and Technology Support Program "Research on Ecological Suitability Analysis Technology and Production Zoning of Authentic Medicinal Materials" (2006);

The key project of the National Science and Technology Support Program "Research on Biotechnology and Breeding of Excellent Varieties of Chinese Medicinal Materials" (2006);

The key project of the National Science and Technology Support Program "Research on Pest Control Technology in Seed Storage, Cultivation and Production, Commodity Circulation and Other Links" (2006);

National Development and Reform Commission High-tech Special Project "Endangered Biological Resources in Western China - Demonstration Project of Industrialization of Wild Tending of Fritillary Fritillary" (2005);

NIH** project "Center for Chinese Herbal Therapy (CHT) for Asthma" project3: chemical and biological characteristics of botanicals (PI) (2005);

"Construction of National Germplasm Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials" (2005);

National Natural Science Key Project "Research on the Genealogy of Important Medicinal Plant Groups in China" (2004);

Research and development of the National 863 Program project "Yuefeng Ningxin Sustained-release Tablets" (2004);

National 863 Program Project "Research on Gastrodia Nucleoside and Ximingting Tablets" (2004);

National Outstanding Young Scholars** Project "Research on Resources of Traditional Chinese Medicine" (2003);

"Formulation and Demonstration of Description and Specification of Medicinal Plant Germplasm Resources" (2003);

National "Tenth Five-Year Plan" research project "Research on Pest Control of Chinese Medicinal Materials" (2003);

"Research and Formulation of Quality Standards and Inspection Procedures for 20 Kinds of Chinese Herbal Medicine Seeds" (2002);

Science and Technology Foundation Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China "Conservation of Germplasm Resources of Chinese Herbal Medicine" (2001).

The institute actively strengthens international exchanges and cooperation, carries out postdoctoral cooperative research at home and abroad, and has 30 researchers to the United States, the United Kingdom, South Korea, Hong Kong and other places for training, study or cooperative research; 96 researchers were sent abroad to participate in academic exchanges or international conferences. 12 researchers from the United Kingdom, Japan, South Korea, India, Nepal and other countries were accepted for further study and training. As a World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine Research, it has received more than 300 groups of exchange and mutual visits, and more than 1,000 people have visited and exchanged academic exchanges. It has carried out international cooperation and exchanges with more than 50 countries such as the United Kingdom, Poland, Japan, France, and Peru.

The Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, formerly known as the Institute of Static Biology established in 1928 and the Institute of Botany of the Peking Research Institute established in 1929, merged into the Institute of Plant Taxonomy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1950, and changed to the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1953. 1. The institute takes the integration of plant biology as the discipline positioning, the biological basis of plant adaptation to the environment as the main research direction, and the national needs of green and efficient agriculture and ecological environment as the important research field, focusing on plant phylogenetic reconstruction and evolution, terrestrial vegetation ecosystem and global change, resource plant molecular and developmental biology, plant signal transduction and metabolomics, biodiversity conservation and sustainable use, etc. 2 According to the official website of the institute in December 2015, the institute covers an area of 74 hectares, with 18 research departments and 7 academic associations; There are 5 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 66 on-the-job doctoral supervisors, 83 on-the-job master's supervisors, 604 on-the-job graduate students, and 51 postdoctoral fellows.