The principle of the car engine, what is the principle of the car engine

The working principle of a car engine is mainly to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy.

The reason why the engine has sufficient power is because the kinetic energy is generated by burning the fuel in the cylinder, so that the piston in the engine cylinder reciprocates, which is also a process of working cycle.

The power of the engine is because the piston in the engine cylinder is in reciprocating motion at the same time, driving the connecting rod on the piston and the crank connected to the connecting rod to burn, and the center of the crankshaft has been doing reciprocating circular motion to output power.

The basic working principle of the engine is to convert thermal energy into kinetic energy:

1. First of all, under the action of external force (driven by the starter), the piston is driven by the crankshaft for reciprocating motion, and once the cylinder is working, it can work independently from the external force.

2. When the piston moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the intake valve opens and begins to realize the air intake (the gasoline car enters the mixture, and the diesel engine enters the pure air) - air intake.

3. When the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the intake and exhaust valves are closed, compressing the intake air just now, and generating high temperature --- compression.

4. At the end of compression, the mixed gas of the gasoline vehicle is ignited and burned under the action of the spark plug, and the high-temperature gas of the diesel vehicle is injected under the action of the injector and burns by itself, and the gas in the cylinder expands sharply under the action of combustion, which promotes the piston to work --- downward.

5. When the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, the exhaust valve is opened for exhaust and the next cycle is prepared.

The working principle of a car engine is to generate thrust after burning gasoline, continuously let the engine do work, and then transmit power to the wheels through the gearbox to make the vehicle move.

The engine is a machine that converts chemical energy into mechanical energy, and its conversion process is actually the process of the work cycle, simply put, it is to generate kinetic energy by burning the fuel in the cylinder, and drive the reciprocating motion of the piston in the engine cylinder, thereby driving the connecting rod connected to the piston and the crank connected to the connecting rod to make a reciprocating circular motion around the center of the crankshaft, and output power.

It's still a steam engine variant, it's also due to heat, the reciprocating movement of the piston in the cylinder, as long as it's an engine, it's all the same steam engine variant, and so is an airplane rocket.

The working principle is divided into, air intake, compression, work, and exhaust.

What is the principle of this engine?

1. The working principle of the engine is that the internal energy is converted into mechanical energy.

2. Engine is a machine that can convert other forms of energy into mechanical energy, including internal combustion engines (reciprocating piston engines), external combustion engines (Stirling engines, steam engines, etc.), jet engines, electric motors, etc. For example, the internal combustion engine usually converts chemical energy into mechanical energy. An engine applies to both a power generation unit and an entire machine including a power unit (e.g

gasoline engines, aero engines). The engine was first born in England, so the concept of the engine also originated from the English language, and its original meaning refers to the "mechanical device that produces power".

3. The external combustion engine, that is, its fuel is burned on the outside of the engine, was developed in 1816 by R. of ScotlandInvented by Stirling, it is also known as the Stirling engine. The engine converts the heat energy generated by this combustion into kinetic energy, and Watt's improved steam engine is a typical external combustion engine, when a large amount of coal combustion produces heat energy to heat water into a large amount of water vapor, high pressure is generated, and then this high pressure pushes the machinery to do work, thus completing the conversion of heat energy to kinetic energy.

Gasoline engines produce heat energy by circulating a mixture of gasoline and air. Combustion takes place in a closed cylindrical space (combustion chamber), which can change its volume by the movement of the pistons. Thermal energy creates high pressure in the combustion chamber, from :

A force is applied to the boundary surfaces (combustion chamber walls, combustion chamber roof and piston), which causes the piston to move.

Hello, because the clutch cuts off the power transfer between the engine and the gearbox, the engine can still continue to work.

The working principle of automobile engine: the gas expansion caused by fuel combustion pushes the piston to do work and drives the crankshaft to rotate to work.

A working cycle is divided into four processes – inhalation, compression, work done, exhaust inspiration process: the piston moves down, the intake valve opens, the exhaust valve closes, and the combustible mixture enters the cylinder.

Compression process: the intake and exhaust valves are closed, the piston is moved up, and the combustible mixture is compressed and heated.

Power stroke: the intake and exhaust valves are closed, the spark plug is ignited, the mixture is ignited, the piston is pushed down, and the thrust is transmitted to the crankshaft.

Exhaust stroke: The intake valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened, and the piston goes up, removing the exhaust gas from the cylinder.

The camshaft rotates once and the crankshaft rotates twice to complete a working cycle.

The cycle is repeated to complete the conversion of fuel chemical energy to kinetic energy.

The V-type engine divides all the cylinders into two groups, and the two groups of adjacent cylinders are arranged together at a certain angle, which can offset a part of the vibration, and the cylinders are V-shaped when viewed from the side, so they are called V-shaped engines. The V-type engine runs relatively smoothly, with less vibration and noise, lower height, shorter length, and can leave more space for the cockpit, but the disadvantage is that two cylinder heads must be used, the structure is relatively complex, and it is more expensive. V6 engines are commonly used in mid- and high-end sedans.

The number of cylinders in a V-type engine is generally .

The working principle of automobile engine: it is to generate kinetic energy by burning the fuel in the cylinder to drive the reciprocating motion of the piston in the engine cylinder, thereby driving the connecting rod connected to the piston and the crank connected to the connecting rod to make a reciprocating circular motion around the center of the crankshaft and output power.

An engine is a machine that can convert other forms of energy into mechanical energy, R. in England (Scotland) in 1816Stirling invented the first external combustion engine, which was later improved by Watt into a steam engine.

The engine is applied to both the power generation unit and the entire machine including the power unit (e.g., gasoline engine, aero engine). Its types include internal combustion engines (gasoline engines, etc.), external combustion engines (Stirling engines, steam engines, etc.), gas turbines (racing cars), electric motors, etc.

Chinese name engine.

Foreign name engine

History. Steam, external and internal combustion engines.

How it works. Internal energy is converted into mechanical energy.

Basic structure. Power conversion device.

Basic parameters. Displacement, number of cylinders.

Classification of internal combustion engines, external combustion engines, electric motors.

The power of the car comes from the ** force generated when gasoline or diesel burns du. But if you put gasoline in a basin and set it on fire, why only burn and not **? This is because the basin is not sealed but open.

If you fill a sealed container with gasoline and air, and then ignite them, the phenomenon of ** will occur. Car engines are designed according to this principle.

If gasoline and air are mixed in the most suitable combustion ratio (1) and they are vigorously compressed to raise their temperature, igniting them will produce a greater ** force. This force is "channeled" to the wheels through a series of mechanisms, and the car is propelled forward.

The working principle of automobile engine: it is to generate kinetic energy by burning the fuel in the cylinder to drive the reciprocating motion of the piston in the engine cylinder, thereby driving the connecting rod connected to the piston and the crank connected to the connecting rod to make a reciprocating circular motion around the center of the crankshaft and output power.

(1) The four-stroke gasoline engine mixes air and gasoline in a certain proportion to form a good mixture of automobile engines. In the intake stroke, the mixture is sucked into the cylinder, and the mixture is compressed, ignited, and burned to produce heat energy. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas acts on the top of the piston to promote the piston to do linear reciprocating motion, and the mechanical energy is output outward through the connecting rod, crankshaft and flywheel mechanism.

A four-stroke gasoline engine completes a duty cycle in the intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke. (2) The intake stroke piston is driven by the crankshaft and moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center. At this point, the intake valve opens, the exhaust valve closes, and the crankshaft rotates 180°.

During the movement of the piston, the volume of the cylinder gradually increases, the gas pressure in the cylinder gradually decreases from PR to PA, and a certain degree of vacuum is formed in the cylinder. The mixture of air and gasoline is sucked into the cylinder through the intake valve and further mixed inside the cylinder to form a combustible mixture. Due to the resistance of the intake system, at the end of the intake, the gas pressure in the cylinder is less than the atmospheric pressure p0, i.e., pa=(.

The temperature of the combustible mixture entering the cylinder rises to 340 400 K due to the heating of high-temperature components such as the intake pipe, cylinder wall, piston top, valve, combustion chamber wall, etc., as well as mixing with residual exhaust gases. (3) Compression strokeIn a compression stroke, the intake and exhaust valves are closed at the same time. The piston moves from bottom dead center to top dead center, and the crankshaft rotates 180°.

As the piston moves upwards, the working volume gradually decreases, and the pressure and temperature rise as the mixture in the cylinder is compressed. When the compression ends, the pressure PC can reach 800 2000kpa, and the temperature can reach 600 750k(4) power stroke When the piston is close to the top dead center, the spark plug ignites the combustible mixture, and the mixture combustion releases a large amount of heat energy, so that the pressure and temperature of the gas in the cylinder rise rapidly. The maximum combustion pressure pz is 3000 6000kpa, the temperature tz is 2200 2800k·k, and the high-pressure gas pushes the piston to move from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, and outputs mechanical energy through the crank connecting rod mechanism.

As the piston moves downwards, the volume of the cylinder increases, and the gas pressure and temperature gradually decrease. When point B is reached, the pressure drops to 300 500kPa, the temperature drops to 1200 1500kK, and in the power stroke, the intake and exhaust valves are closed, and the crankshaft rotates 180 °. (5) Exhaust strokeIn the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve is opened, the intake valve is still closed, the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, and the crankshaft rotates 180°.

When the exhaust valve is opened, the combustion exhaust gases are discharged outside the cylinder under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cylinder on the one hand, and outside the cylinder by the extrusion action of the piston on the other hand. Due to the drag of the exhaust system, the pressure at the exhaust end r is slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure, i.e., pr=(. Exhaust temperature tr = 900 1100k

When the piston moves to the top dead center, there is still a certain volume of exhaust gases in the combustion chamber that cannot be discharged. This part of the exhaust gas is called residual exhaust gas.

How the engine of the car works:

Automobile engines rely on the force generated by the deflagration of oil-gas mixtures to push the pistons, and then drive the crankshaft to rotate to work. It can be divided into four trips. Inhale, compress, do work, exhaust.

During the suction stroke, the piston moves down, the intake valve opens, the exhaust valve closes, and the air-oil mixture (diesel engine is air) enters the cylinder under negative pressure. During the compression stroke, the intake and exhaust valves are closed, the piston moves up, and the oil-gas mixture is compressed and heated. The power stroke, the intake valve and exhaust valve are closed, the spark plug is ignited (the diesel engine is injected with fuel injectors), the mixture is ignited (the diesel engine is mist diesel is ignited by the high temperature air), and the deflagration is generated, which pushes the piston downward, and then transmits the thrust to the crankshaft through the connecting rod.

Exhaust stroke: The intake valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened, and the piston goes up, removing the exhaust gas from the cylinder. And then it's just a matter of repeating the process all the time. Among them, the camshaft rotates once, and the crankshaft rotates twice to do one work.

I'll explain the piston to you. Rotary engines, mechanical and turbocharging principles. You don't want to see what we're doing, I'll tell you when we meet one day!

Four strokes. Intake, compression, work, exhaust.

The working principle is divided into, air intake, compression, work, and exhaust.

It's complicated, and there are many kinds of it.