How to understand cause and effect in speech

Example 3] The Forbidden City is full of red and yellow, and the huge Forbidden City is relatively single in color. The reason why these two colors were chosen is due to the influence of traditional Chinese culture. In traditional culture, red has always been regarded as a positive color for festivities, implying solemnity, happiness and auspiciousness.

According to the literature, the palace after the Zhou Dynasty has begun to use red in general. The Forbidden City inherited the color aesthetics of previous palaces, so a lot of red was used. As for the determination of the status of yellow orthodoxy, it comes from the Chinese nation's tracing of the origin of civilization.

The Chinese civilization originated in the Yellow River Basin, the boundless Loess Plateau, and the surging Yellow River, all of which made yellow deeply imprinted into the essence of the descendants of Yan and Huang. In the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Liu Che established the "Han Ju Tude", so far, yellow has become a symbol of imperial power in the Han Dynasty, and the successive dynasties have remained unchanged, all of which are valued by yellow.

The most accurate summary of the main thrust of this passage is:

a.Emphasizing the architectural characteristics of the Forbidden City's monochromatic color.

b.Explain the meaning of red and yellow in traditional Chinese culture.

c.Analyze the influence of traditional Chinese culture on architectural color.

d.Analyze the reasons why the Forbidden City chose red and yellow.

This is a summary of the main theme, and the passage first talks about the relatively simple color of the Forbidden City, and then explains the reason for choosing red and yellow through the sentence structure of cause and effect. Finally, a detailed explanation is given in the section on the reasons. The focus is on the choice of red and yellow colors for the Forbidden City after "why".

So, choose option D.

Example 1 and Example 2 both belong to the main sentence guided by the causal conclusion introductory word, but when choosing the answer, we find that Example 1 is a synonymous substitution of the main sentence, while Example 2 is obviously different, the correct answer not only synonymously replaces the content of the conclusion sentence, but also appears the word "reason", and the answer selected by the structure of the causal inversion in Example 3 is also in this form. This situation can easily lead to the misunderstanding that causal causes are also important. However, from the above three examples, it can be seen that whether it is a simple synonymous substitution of the conclusion or the reason for emphasizing the conclusion, the two have obvious commonality, that is, the content of the conclusion must appear.

To sum up, the most typical format of causality is because A, so B, and the special form is because B, because A, both of which emphasize that the conclusion is the focus of B. The correct answer to causality can be summarized in the following three forms: synonymous substitution of conclusion B; Emphasizing the reasons for conclusion b; Cause A and Conclusion B occur at the same time, and both forms are more common, and the form of Cause + Conclusion is rare.

If the option only describes the content of the cause, it is non-important and should be excluded.

It depends on how the original program was organized. If you store three variables separately, you can just swap the output order of the three variables.

For example, int y,m,dm,d;

printf("Please enter Month, Day, Year:");

scanf("%d%d%d",&m,&d,&y);

printf("%dy",y,m,d);

Equivalent causation (German: ad quanz, English: adequacy, adequateness}) is a doctrine in legal theory that constitutes a legal causal relationship, which means that there must be a corresponding causal relationship between the actor's behavior and the result, and the actor can bear legal responsibility for the result.

This is a part of the constitutive elements in criminal law, and it is also a step in determining tort liability in civil law.

The first stage in judging whether a crime is established or not is to determine the appropriateness of the constituent elements (i.e., meeting the conditions for the crime, such as acts, circumstances, and results), and in the constituent elements, there must be a causal relationship between the criminal act and the result of the crime.

The judgment of causality includes: the conditional relationship of step 1, and the equivalent causal relationship of step 2.

Conditional relationships. The principle of judging the conditional relationship is: "If there is no action A, there is no result B." "Its equivalence proposition (inverse negative proposition) is:

If there is result b, then there is action a. Thus, act A is a necessary condition for outcome B. In addition to being an offender, there are cases of omission (allowing the result of the crime to occur), namely:

If there is behavior a, there is no result b. ”

The judgment of the above-mentioned conditional relationship is a kind of "if..."Then....There will therefore be questions of factual relations (hypothetical causal processes) and normative relations (alternatively coopetition), e.g.

1. Situation 1: A poisoned up to 1 2 lethal dose, B poisoned another 1 2 lethal dose, and the poison given by the two people together happened to kill C. At this time, under the laws of natural science and empirical assumptions, the actions of A and B would not have killed C in the first place, how should we deal with it?

This is an omission in the factual relationship.

2. Situation 2: A poisons the total lethal dose, and B poisons the entire lethal dose and kills C. At this point, is it A's poison that kills C, or is B's poison killing C, and what should be done? This is an omission in the normative relationship.

Therefore, the judgment of the conditional relationship must be combined with the judgment of the factual relationship and the normative relationship, first use the laws and experience of natural science to assume the relationship between the behavior and the result, and then from the legal point of view, to expect the possibility of avoiding the result.

Truncation and severance of conditional relationships.

Truncation of the conditional relationship, e.g., A poisons B, but B jumps to his death due to the pain of the toxic attack, and A's behavior is related to B's death, but not the main cause. (Further in this case involves the determination of considerable causation.) ）

Severance of the conditional relationship, e.g., A prepares to poison B, but C preemptively shoots B, and A's actions have nothing to do with B's death.

The theory of considerable causality is also known as the "theory of appropriate conditions". A doctrine in the theory of causality. According to this theory, a certain condition is only ,.. a certain result occurs in a specific situation in reality

The theory of equivalent causality has a decisive position in the theory of bourgeois causality and is widely adopted by scholars and trial practice. (

Because there are two sides to everything, from the time a thing happens, there is a certain reason, some are accidental, some are inevitable in accident, some are accidental, some are intentional, etc. All of this will have a certain result. It's like if a person didn't sleep well last night, and when he arrives at the unit the next day, he will have different behaviors or remarks in front of his colleagues or leaders due to some factors such as mood, personality, and emotion, which will lead others to take different words and deeds towards you and affect your future.

This is the intrinsic connection between cause and effect.

Characteristics of causality: 1. The temporal series of causality. The cause must come first, and the effect can only come later, and the chronological order of the two cannot be reversed.

In criminal cases, the cause can only be found from the harmful act that preceded the harmful result. 2. The Conditional and Specific Nature of Causation Criminal Law Causation is specific and conditional. In criminal cases, there is no fixed model of what kind of harmful behavior can cause the harmful results of retraining.

Therefore, when ascertaining the causal relationship, it is necessary to make a specific analysis based on the specific circumstances such as the time, place, and conditions under which the harmful act was committed. 3. Objectivity of causality. Causality is the relationship between the cause and the cause of objective phenomena, which exists objectively and does not depend on people's subjectivity.

4. The specificity of causality. Things are universally connected, and in order to understand individual phenomena, we must extract them from universal connections and examine them in isolation, one for causes and the other for effects. The specificity of the causal relationship in criminal law is manifested in the fact that it can only be the causal link between the harmful behavior of a person and the harmful result.

5. The complexity of causalityDialectical materialism believes that the diversity of connections between objective things determines the complexity of causal connections. 6. The causal relationship between criminal law and criminal responsibilityThe causal relationship of criminal law provides an objective basis for pursuing the criminal responsibility of the perpetrator, but does not mean that the problem of criminal responsibility is solved. In order for the perpetrator to be criminally responsible for the harmful consequences caused by his or her actions, the perpetrator must also have subjective intent or negligence.

7. Causal Relationship in the Crime of Omission The reason for inaction lies in the fact that it should have prevented things from developing in a dangerous direction, thus causing the occurrence of harmful fruits. The peculiarity of the causal relationship of omission is that it presupposes that the perpetrator has a specific obligation. Otherwise, its causal relationship should be resolved as if it were a crime.