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Indeed, practice is the only criterion for testing truth.
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Theory is the foundation of practice, and practice is the foundation of theory.
Practice plays a decisive role in theory. Theory has a counter-effect on practice, scientific theories have a positive guiding effect on practice, and erroneous theories have an obstructive effect. Theory and practice complement each other and are indispensable, and we cannot arbitrarily sever the dialectical relationship between the two and emphasize one aspect in isolation.
Point of view. The point of view of practice is Marxist philosophy.
The core point of view. Marxism holds that all social life is practical in nature, and the subject of practice is a person with a certain ideological understanding. People's correct thinking comes from practice, and practice determines understanding, which is the source and motive force of understanding, the goal and the destination, and is also the only criterion for testing whether understanding is correct or not.
Cognition has a counter-effect on practice, correct understanding promotes correct practice, and wrong understanding leads to wrong practice. This is the dialectical relationship between practice and understanding, and it is also a basic principle of Marxist philosophy.
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No. The benign interaction between theoretical innovation and practical innovation refers to the existence of a good and positive mutual role and mutual influence between theoretical innovation and practical innovation, or the formation of a causal relationship between the two that stimulates and promotes each other. The benign interaction between theoretical innovation and practical innovation is not natural, but requires human efforts to achieve.
The interaction between theoretical innovation and practical innovation is not only a benign interactive state, but also a vicious interactive state, if theoretical innovation is divorced from the reality, and then the theory is divorced from the reality to guide practice, it will be wrong on top of wrong, resulting in bad results, leading to a vicious interaction between theoretical innovation and practical innovation.
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Theory and its dialectical relationship with practice.
With regard to theory, people often simplifyingly understand and express it as "various knowledge systems" from the perspective of "explaining the world", but not as "conceptual systems that regulate people's thoughts and behaviors" from the perspective of "changing the world". Therefore, it is urgent to re-establish theory and its dialectical relationship with practice in order to promote the development of practice and realize theoretical innovation.
The threefold connotation of theory and its function.
Any kind of real theory has three basic connotations: first, it provides people with a historically developed picture of the world in the form of a logical system of concepts, so as to regulate people's self-understanding and mutual understanding of the world; Second, it provides people with a historically developed way of thinking in the form of a logical and conceptual framework of thinking, so as to regulate how people grasp, describe and interpret the world. Third, it uses the universality, regularity, and ideality of theory to provide people with historically developed values, so as to standardize people's thinking and behavior. The threefold connotation of the theory indicates:
Theory is not only explanatory, but also normative; Theory is not only practical, but also supra-practical.
First of all, theory provides people with a picture of the world at the level of the times, so as to regulate people's understanding of the world and the transformation of the world.
Modern science and modern philosophy tell people: "Observation load theory", "Observation osmosis theory", "There is no neutral observation". The world that people "see" is the world mediated by theory, not the world that is "reflected" with a "tabula rasa" mind; It is a world engraved with the historical content of theories, not a world of freedom that has nothing to do with the historical development of theories.
The key issue here is that human beings are historical and cultural beings, not non-historical and non-cultural beings, and that people, as real (rather than abstract) beings, not only have a hereditary acquisition in the biological sense, but also have an acquired inheritance in the sociological sense, that is, the individual is possessed by history and culture, and thus becomes a historical cultural existence. It is history and culture that provide us with a changing and developing picture of the world, and it is history and culture that regulate our understanding of the world. We often emphasize that "everything proceeds from reality" and "seek truth from facts", but we often start from the passive, passive, and intuitive reflection theory (which is also the "observation and penetration theory"), and simplify and vulgarize these fundamental requirements to serious "seeing" and careful "listening", and rarely reflect on the normative role of theory in observation, and even oppose theory and observation.
The dialectical relationship between theory and observation, theory and reality, and theory and practice occupies a prominent and important position in the reflection on theory.
Secondly, theories provide people with a scientific way of thinking, so as to standardize people's thinking logic and thinking methods.
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Marx once pointed out in the Introduction to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Law: Of course, criticism cannot replace criticism, and material forces can only be destroyed by material forces, but once theory masters the masses, it will also become material forces. As long as theory convinces people, it can grasp the masses; And as long as the theory is thorough, it can convince people.
The so-called thoroughness is to grasp the root of things. But the essence of man is man. (Selected Works of Marx and Engels, vol. 1, p. 9).
The philosophical idea embodied in Marx's famous quote is the relationship between theory and practice. There are two main sentences in the discourse, namely, "criticism cannot replace criticism" and "once theory is grasped by the masses, it will become a material force". These two sentences have two meanings: the former is to say that "theory cannot replace practice," and the latter is to say that "theory has a guiding role in practice."
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Epistemology holds that understanding has a dynamic counter-effect on practice, and that correct understanding can have a promoting effect on practice, requiring us to establish a correct understanding Scientific theories are correct understandings and will certainly play a major guiding role in practice
Scientific theories foresee the process and results of the development of practice in terms of laws and provide guidance in concrete practice, so scientific theories play a tremendous guiding role in practice
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The sentence "Only by combining theory with practice can we promote the development of practice" is incorrect.
The reason why this sentence is not true: theory and practice are important to each other. Indivisibility! It is like two horses running side by side, like the inseparable two sides of the same thing, and more like the two hands of a person.
The process of division of labor -- theory guides practice -- practice tests theory while receiving theoretical guidance -- all or part of the errors of the theory tested in practice are revised -- together with the summary in practice it rises to new theory -- new theory then guides practice -- practice tests theoretical ...... while receiving new theoretical guidanceAnd so it goes, and the cycle repeats, never stopping.
Therefore, the development of theory in practice is endless, and the practice is guided by theory and tests theory at the same time.
Therefore, theory and practice are important to each other.
Theoretical important reasons:
1. Theory is a guide to practice. Example: 1840 - The Xinhai Revolution continued to fail because it was not guided by Marxist theory, and the Communist Party succeeded China and established New China because of the guidance of Marxist theory.
2. Theory is the direction of practice.
3. Theory is the forerunner of practice.
4. Theory guides practice.
5. Theory precedes practice.
6. Theory is practice and sublimation.
7. Theory first.
8. Summarize theory and practice.
Practical Reasons for Importance:
1. Practice is the only criterion for testing truth.
2. Practice is the source of theory.
3. Only the correct theory can have the correct practice.
4. Wrong theory guides practice, misleads the country and the people, and fails constantly. Example: Before we went to Jinggangshan, we failed and sacrificed again and again under the guidance of the revolutionary practice of the erroneous theory of "cities surrounding the countryside" that is not applicable to China.
5. All kinds of theories that have been proven to be correct in country A can only be elevated to country B theories after the practice of country B in country B.
6. All kinds of theories that have been proven to be correct in the C era can only rise to the D time ** theory only after the practice of the D era in the D era.
7. Localization theories can only be created when various universal principles and universal truths are combined with the specific practice of localization.
8. In order to develop and enrich theory, it must be carried out in practice.
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Who brought this up, it feels a little awkward. It can be said that only by combining theory with practice can we verify the correctness of theory. In turn, through the guidance of theory, the development of practice can be promoted.
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