What are the things you need to pay attention to when growing grapes?

Grapes are planted on well-ventilated, sunny and well-drained fertile plots. In northern China, spring planting is mostly adopted, and field planting can be carried out in mid to late April. Before planting, use a sharp knife to remove the bandaging outside the grafting interface (after the grafted seedlings survive, the rootstock sprouting on the lower part of the grafting interface should be erased in time to ensure the purity and growth of the variety), the planted seedlings are buried in the soil to the root neck and poured enough planting water, and then the seedlings are buried in fine soil to a small mound of soil to moisturize and prevent drying, so that they germinate early.

Growing environment. Temperature.

The minimum temperature required for grape growth is about 12 -15, the minimum ground temperature is about 10 -13, the optimal temperature for flowering is about 20, and the optimal temperature for fruit expansion is 20 -30. After the grapes bud break in the spring. If the temperature rises quickly, it is easy to cause the branches to grow, which is manifested as the knots are not full, and the flowering period is easy to fertilize poorly.

Moisture content. Grapes have high water requirements, and strict control of soil moisture is a prerequisite for growing good grapes. Grapes require more water in the early growth or vegetative growth period, and in the later growth or fruiting period, the roots are weaker and require less water, so it is necessary to avoid damaging the roots so as not to affect the quality.

Grapes should avoid rain and dew, rain for many years is easy to cause insufficient sunshine, photosynthesis is limited, excessive absorption of water is easy to cause branch growth and high humidity, easy to cause various diseases, such as black pox, gray mold, etc. Therefore, it is best to keep the shoots at 40-70 cm during the flowering period; The amount of irrigation in fruit-bearing areas prone to fruit cracking should also be controlled. Dry and drought-prone areas should be properly covered with straw to maintain soil moisture and control grass growth.

Illumination. Grapes must have a certain intensity of light during normal growth, but when the light is too strong, especially when the grapes enter the hard core period, sunburn is more likely to occur. When the sunshine is insufficient, it is easy to cause poor corolla shedding at the flowering stage and low fertilization rate. Flower bud differentiation was poor in the flower bud differentiation stage, and there were many parthenogenesis; During the growth period, the plants are long and the nodes are long.

does not bear fruit or bears unisexual fruit; Diseases and poor quality of fruits in the enlargement stage; The coloration is not good during the ripening period, and the sugar content decreases.

Nutritive value. Nutrients of grapesGrapes are not only delicious but also highly nutritious. Grapes in ripe berries contain up to 10%-30% sugar, mainly glucose.

A variety of fruit acids in grapes help digestion, and eating more grapes can strengthen the spleen and stomach. Grapes contain minerals calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, and a variety of vitamins B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C and vitamin P, etc., and also contain a variety of amino acids required by the human body.

1. Seedling. Grape cultivation generally adopts the method of seedling transplanting, so we need to dig a seedling hole before planting, and then put an appropriate amount of farmhouse fertilizer as the base fertilizer. After the base fertilizer is applied, cover it, and the soil can be mixed with an appropriate amount of mixed fertilizer.

Do a good job of germination in advance when sowing, and transplant in April and May.

2. Water management. After planting, it is necessary to do a good job in the management of grape seedlings, and after planting, the roots will be watered sufficiently, and then covered with mulch, and then wet seal the outlet. The control of planting density is also very important, the seedlings can not be watered too much during the stupid shooting period, and the soil can be watered with a small amount of water when the soil is dry.

After the seedlings are alive, the frequency of watering can be increased. If it is a hot summer day, you should avoid watering at noon, generally in the morning and evening.

3. Set up a frame to lead the vines. Grapes are a creeping fruit, so we need to set up a shelf that is strong enough to withstand strong winds and prevent damage to the plants when the grapes are not in their peak growth period. When the new shoots of grapes grow to about 20 cm, it is necessary to do a good job of vine introduction, and appropriate topdressing, and control the dosage and nutrient ratio.

After successful vine introduction, it needs to be watered every half a month, and the state branch watering is carried out together with the cultivation and weeding work to improve the permeability of the soil, strengthen the absorption of water and nutrients, and promote the growth of grapes.

4. Shaping and pruning. The growth rate of grape branches is relatively fast, so we should properly inhibit the growth of branches during the peak growth period of grapes, and properly prune the branches that are too long, too dense and long. And if the growth is weak, the weak and unhealthy branches should be cut off.

We also need to cut the buds in the main vine to prevent poor fruiting and make the grapes grow healthier. Then when the new shoots grow to about 28 cm, you should choose a healthy plant with strong growth ability as the mother plant, and remove the rest of the branches to ensure the quality.

5. Precautions. After the grape is planted, we must do a good job of thinning seedlings and seedlings, the growth of grapes is very vigorous, so the water demand is relatively large, but we should also pay attention to the water accumulation in the orchard.

Cuttings are the easiest way to grow, and you can plant whatever you like. As everyone knows, when cutting, you need to pay attention to the best time to carry out in the spring. The temperature in summer is too high, which can jeopardize the survival rate of cuttings.

First of all, you have to find a tree skill that climbs all over the flowers. Once we have chosen the tree, we can cut it to about 15 cm long and cut it immediately. Then we can water it once, and then we can water it according to the ambient humidity of the soil layer.

When the weather is warm in spring, the grapes must be plucked from the ground. If you are sure that the grapes are not dead, plant them again and pour a few more drops of water. For the first time, it should be watered thoroughly and applied with chemical fertilizer.

Winter dormancy has long passed, and the grapes have little water, so it is necessary to prevent death due to lack of water.

As the weather warms up, the grapes gradually develop leaves and young leaves. At this time, we can go to someone else's house to cut the strip. When the grapes gradually climb up the cane on the iron shelf and grow to about 70 centimeters, you must pay attention to the topping immediately, and the main branches are not luxuriant enough to be topped.

The tops of all shoots need to be removed to reduce the supply of nutrients and help the grapes to improve. The topping of the main branches must be determined by the growth of the grapes and the climate.

Don't break your tendrils in the summer before flowering. It is best to break the tendrils 3-5 days before flowering. The double-bud fruiting branch group should have 6-8 leaves of short branches, 8-10 leaves of long branches (strong branches), flower spikes under 10 cm without or less than 10 cm, and flower spikes within 20 cm with 1 5 pruned.

3-4 days before flowering, bend the fruiting branches that are too strong, which is good for firmness.

After the grapes have flowered, they have to reduce the supply of basal fertilizer and apply a large amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, which can increase the vitality of the soil layer and promote the growth and development of rhizomes. Before flowering, it is generally necessary to water the grapes with water from small-scale taxpayers to ensure the commodity rate of the grapes. Immediately after the grapes are obtained, they should be filled with basal fertilizer to improve nutrient storage.

In the northern region, the cold weather meant that the grapes had to be removed from the shelves for management. Generally, after the early autumn of each year, the shear is repaired and then buried in the soil layer. Be careful to bury the soil layer deeper and leave no gaps.

Otherwise, the water in the grapes will be expelled by the wind and cause death. Many people's grapes die of cold if they are not drained by the wind. In the case of spring, it is not suitable to dig too early, and if you dig too early, you will die.