What is Literature? What are the essentials?

It is a carrier of human knowledge recorded by technical means such as words, graphics, symbols, audio frequency, and **, or understood as knowledge solidified on a certain material carrier. It can also be understood as a general term for all social historical materials in ancient and modern times. It is now commonly understood as the sum of various publications such as books, periodicals, etc.

Literature is the most effective means of recording, accumulating, disseminating and inheriting knowledge, the most basic and main means of obtaining information in human social activities, and the most basic means of exchanging and disseminating information. Because of this, literature is referred to as the material basis of intelligence work. At home and abroad, it is common to see people equating "literature" with "intelligence" and "philology" with "information science", and although this equivalence may not be appropriate, it reflects the extremely important position of literature in intelligence activities and science.

As a carrier of human knowledge or information, literature is mainly composed of four basic elements: information content, carrier materials, information symbols and recording methods.

Literature refers to books, periodicals, reports, manuals, materials and other written materials related to a certain field, a certain topic or a certain issue that have been systematically organized, recorded and published. Literature is an important foundation for scientific research and academic exchanges, and it is also the crystallization of human wisdom.

The basic elements of the literature include:

3.Name of the publication: The publication refers to the publishing unit to which the document belongs, such as the title of the book, the name of the journal, the name of the report, etc.

5.Place of publication: The place of publication of a document refers to the place where it is officially published or published, usually with the country, city, etc.

6.Edition: The edition of a document refers to the difference between its different editions, such as the first edition, the second edition, etc.

7.Page number: The page number of a document refers to the range of pages of the publication in which it is located, and should usually be marked with the starting and ending page numbers.

In short, literature is an important foundation for scientific research and academic communication, and its basic elements include author, title, title of publication, date of publication, place of publication, edition and page number. When conducting literature search and citation, it is necessary to accurately label these basic elements to ensure the reliability and authority of the research.

It is mainly composed of four basic elements: information content, carrier materials, information symbols and recording methods.

The main types are: books, newspapers and periodicals, special literature, microfilms, machine-readable literature, audio-visual materials, three-dimensional image materials, and CD-ROM materials.

The definition of literature is that all the carriers that record knowledge, which are called documents.

The four elements that make up the literature are: knowledge content, information symbols, carrier materials, and recording methods.

Brief introduction to Literature:Founded in 1979, Biography is an academic journal in philosophy and humanities under the supervision of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic of China and sponsored by the National Library of China.

According to the inside page of the 02nd issue of the journal in 2020, the "Literature" committee has 25 editorial board members, 6 academic advisors, and 1 department responsibility.

The reference materials used as literature include three basic elements: carrier, knowledge, text, graphics, sound symbols.

Document Type:Electronic document type: database [db], computer [cp], electronic bulletin [eb].

Types of carriers for electronic documents: Internet [OL], CD-ROM [CD], Tape [MT], Disk [DK].

In the literal sense, a reference is a document that has been consulted in the process of writing, such as an article or book. However, according to the definition of GB T 7714-2015 "Information and Literature - Bibliographic Rules for References", post-text references refer to: "relevant literature information resources cited for the purpose of writing or ** and writings."

According to the requirements of the Standards for Retrieval and Evaluation Data of Chinese Academic Journals (CD-ROM Edition) (Trial) and the Specifications for the Arrangement of Social Science Journals of Chinese Colleges and Universities (Revised Edition), many journals distinguish between references and notes, and stipulate that notes are "words that provide further explanation or supplementary explanation of a certain content in the main text", which are listed at the end of the text and separated from the references or placed in the footer of the same page.

The type of reference and its identification.

Reference type: monograph [m], **collection [c], newspaper article [n], journal article [j], degree ** [d], report [r], standard [s], patent [p], ** precipitated literature in the collection [a].

Electronic document type: database [db], computer [cp], electronic bulletin [eb].

Types of carriers for electronic documents: Internet [OL], CD-ROM [CD], Tape [MT], Disk [DK].

2. For monographs and precipitated literature in the ** collection, it is recommended to use the single letter "A" for the identification of the document type; For other unspecified document types, the single letter "z" is recommended.

3. For references of electronic literature types such as databases, computer programs and electronic bulletin boards, it is recommended to use the following two-letter as identification:

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It should be knowledge, carrier, and record.

Literature is the record of all carriers of knowledge, this definition seems simple, but in fact it is very objective, very comprehensive and rigorous.

From the literal meaning of the definition, it is not difficult to see that there are basically three constituent elements of the literature described here:

One is the carrier itself, the second is the content contained in the carrier, and the third is the way or means of recording the content of the carrier.

The constituent elements of literature are information content, material carriers and information symbols.

Literature records countless useful facts, data, theories, methods, hypotheses, experiences and lessons, and is a basic tool for human beings to communicate across time and space, understand and transform the world.

This kind of information has been processed and organized, and is more systematic, accurate, reliable, and easy to preserve and use, but there are also situations where the information is relatively lagging behind and some information has yet to be confirmed. On the whole, this type of information is currently the largest and most utilized information resource. According to various criteria, various types of literature can be divided.

Literature column direction.

1. Main columns.

"Literature" has a window of literature and a chronicle.

Atlas research, the history of Chinese engraved book collection, the literature research of the history of Chinese science and technology, and ethnic minorities.

Literature and Research, Cultural Exchange between China and Foreign Countries, Celebrity Codex, Biography of Contemporary Chinese Social Scientists, etc.

2. Readers.

The journal is aimed at social science professionals.

3. Published content.

The contents of the journal are disclosed by the National Library of China.

The collection of the museum is dominated by other public and private collections, newly discovered in China, and various ancient and modern documents and research results with important value. Emphasis on the publication of classical literature.

Historiography, paleography and exegesis.

Collation, bibliography, editions, forgery, compilation and other research**, attaching importance to China Overseas.

Advances in Sinology Research.

The constituent elements of literature are mainly composed of four basic elements: information content, carrier materials, information symbols and recording methods.

It refers to books, periodicals, and canons with historical significance or research value, which are the ultimate expression of scientific research and technological research results, and an important medium for people to obtain knowledge

Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty, "Notes on the Collection of Four Books and Chapters and Sentences".

It is believed that "texts, classics also; dedication, virtuous also".

Common Literature Annotation Methods:Works: Author's name, title [m].Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication.

Journal**: Author's name. Title[J].Journal Name, Year, Volume (Issue): Page Number.

Session**Set: Author's name. Title [c]**Set name, meeting place, meeting date.

Degree**: Author's name. Title[d].Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication.

Patent Document: The name of the patent applicant or owner. Patent title: patent country, patent number.

p].The date of the announcement or the date of publication. Get the path.

Electronic literature: Author's name. Title [See Others for Document Type Marks (including Document Carrier Marks)].Place of publication: publisher, year of publication (date of update or modification), access path.

Report: Author's name. Title [r].Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication.

Standard: Standard number. Title[s].Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication.