What is an inactivated enzyme?

Search for 1Enzymes that produce inactivated antimicrobial drugs.

The production of antimicrobial inactivating enzymes by bacteria is one of the most important mechanisms for the emergence of drug resistance, so that antimicrobial drugs are destroyed by enzymes before they interact with bacteria and lose their antibacterial effect.

Lactamase: (lactamase) is mediated by chromosomes or plasmids. Resistance to -lactam antibiotics is mainly caused by the cleaving of -lactam rings by -lactamases produced by bacteria, which causes the antibiotic to lose its antibacterial effect.

The types of lactamases are growing rapidly with the clinical application of new antibiotics, and the detailed mechanism is shown in the chapter - lactam antibiotics.

Aminoside modifying enzyme: Bacteria produce passivating enzymes after exposure to aminoglycoside antibiotics to make the latter lose their antibacterial effect, and common aminoside passivating enzymes include acetylase (AAC), adenylase (AAD), and nucleotidylase (ant) and phosphorylase (APH).

Other enzymes: bacteria can produce chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) to inactivate chloromycetin; production of esterases to inactivate macrolides antibiotics; Staphylococcus aureus produces nucleotidyltransferase, which inactivates lincomycin.

Enzymes have the activity of catalyzing biochemical reactions, and destroying this activity so that it is no longer active is the inactivation of enzymes.

The method is mainly by destroying its structure.

Activator refers to a substance or ion that can increase or activate enzyme activity after binding to enzymes, such as Cl- is an amylase activator.

Inhibitors refer to substances or ions that can reduce or inhibit enzyme activity after binding to enzymes, such as Cu+ is an inhibitor of amylase.

Denaturants are for proteins, and any denaturant that can cause changes in the spatial structure of proteins can be called denaturants, such as acids, alkalis, heavy metals, etc.

Generally speaking, inhibitors emphasize the change of enzyme activity and do not involve the denaturation of enzyme proteins.

In order to bring the higher enzyme levels down to normal levels, it is essential to pay attention to the diet. Anything we consume is digested or processed with the help of the liver, so unhealthy and harmful foods or drinks can damage the liver.

There are a variety of ways to quickly lower liver enzymes, and here are a few.

1。Milk thistle. Milk thistle contains the active ingredient silymarin, which has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant effects. The European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published a study documenting the use of milk thistle for a variety of liver diseases, including jaundice.

Hepatitis, cirrhosis.

alcoholic liver disease), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and gallbladder complications.

2。Dandelion or dandelion root.

Dandelion is a type that helps detoxify and improve liver health. Studies have shown that the polysaccharides found in dandelion may help reduce drug-related liver toxicity or damage from liver damage. Dandelion has been used as a folk liver tonic for many years.

Dandelion root can be eaten as a tea, and in addition it lowers cholesterol levels. Of course, some people may be allergic to dandelions, and this should be noted.

3。Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.

Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables that are rich in antioxidants, as these can help lower toxin levels and cleanse the liver. Lemons, in particular, are rich in vitamin C

It can reduce the amount of glutamyl transpeptidase in the body. Drink a few glasses of lemonade every day.

is a great choice.

Fish oil. and flax oil may work by lowering triglycerides in the liver.

levels to help improve liver function, consider eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as vitamin B12

Because it helps to rebuild damaged cells in the liver. Green tea is another beneficial tonic. It helps to reduce fat and reduce free radicals in the body.

4。Use medications with caution.

Certain combinations of medications can cause damage to the liver, even ibuprofen and aspirin.

It can also cause damage to the liver, so it's best to consult a doctor or professional about other ways to relieve pain. With the help and advice of your doctor, try to take Chinese herbs instead of other medications to lower liver enzyme levels.

5。Stop drinking.

Stop drinking alcohol altogether to lower enzymes quickly. Even after a complete **, it is better not to drink alcohol. If you really want to drink, be sure to keep the amount down, as enzyme levels can rise at any time.

6。Exercise more.

Sometimes obesity is a big reason for elevated liver enzyme levels. It's better to be gradual, rather than rapid, such as making a daily plan. Even a brisk walk or jogging for 30 minutes can help improve blood circulation and be good for the liver.

7。Get a good night's sleep.

Getting enough sleep is very important for repairing body damage, which can keep the body and liver healthy.

1.Heat at high temperatures.

2.Strong acids or bases.

3.with surfactants.

Soy products are nutritious, inexpensive, and a favorite food for people. China has cultivated soybeans for more than 5,000 years, is the earliest country to produce soybean products, the ancients not only took soybeans as a staple food, but also gradually developed tofu, bean sprouts, soybean oil and other soy products, these foods are still loved by consumers in China and even abroad. Soybeans are rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates and other essential nutrients, with anti-aging, antioxidant and other effects, soy milk, soybean milk and other drinks are easy to drink, conducive to human nutrient absorption, is the most common form of soy products to eat.

However, in the production process of soy products, the unsaturated fatty acids contained in soybeans are oxidized under the action of lipoxidase, resulting in oxidation products with beany smell and bitterness, which affects the taste of soy products, which makes it difficult for some consumers, especially consumers in Europe and the United States, to accept it, and affects the absorption of nutrients in soy products by some people. In the prior art, soybean is usually treated with enzymes by means of high-temperature heat treatment to prevent the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. However, this method is not an ideal method for inactivating enzymes, such as incomplete enzyme inactivation, poor deodorization effect, and loss of nutrients such as protein.