What are the pathological types and complications of nephrotic syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome is a group of syndromes with clinical manifestations caused by massive proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia caused by various kidney diseases. It can be divided into two categories: primary and secondary. Primary is caused by a lesion of the glomeruli.

It is secondary to kidney damage caused by diseases of other organs. Complications include thrombosis and embolism, with renal vein thrombosis being the most common.

Hello! Complications of nephrotic syndrome fall into three categories.

1. Infection Infection is a common complication of nephrotic syndrome, with insidious onset and atypical clinical manifestations, which is one of the main reasons for nephrotic syndrome or poor efficacy, and is related to the patient's immune dysfunction, decreased systemic nutritional status and the use of glucocorticoids.

2. Thromboembolism Thromboembolism is one of the most serious complications of nephrotic syndrome, and its occurrence is related to hemoconcentration, increased blood viscosity caused by hyperlipidemia, and increased liver synthesis of fibrinogen and some coagulation factors.

3. Acute renal failure Nephrotic syndrome can lead to decreased renal perfusion due to effective blood volume depletion, resulting in prerenal sputum massemia, which can be recovered after expansion and diuresis, and the complications of nephrotic syndrome are generally these three points! If you need to leave a message at any time, I am an expert in kidney disease!

Complications of nephrotic syndrome include:

1. Infection: It is the most common complication, which is related to edema, serous effusion, hormones and immunosuppressants**;

2. Thromboembolism: thrombosis of the lower limbs, renal vein thrombosis is most likely to occur, and pulmonary embolism may occur in severe cases;

3. Abnormal protein and fat metabolism: related to hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, etc., manifested as fatigue, low immune system, bone pain, easy convulsions and other symptoms;

4. Acute kidney injury: related to prerenal factors, kidney lesions, excessive use of diuretics, angiotensin, etc.

The specific medication should be combined with clinical practice, and the doctor's face-to-face guidance shall prevail.

Nephrotic syndrome is a type of disease that not only causes harm to the patient but also causes some complications that can also cause more harm to the person with nephrotic syndrome. So, what are the complications of this disease?

Possible complications of nephrotic syndrome:

1.Thrombosis.

People with nephrotic syndrome are prone to the formation of blood clots. The causes of thrombosis are edema, venous congestion, patient inactivity, hyperlipidemia, hemoconcentration. In addition, the use of adrenocorticosteroids may also cause hypercoagulability.

2.Acute renal failure is present.

Patients will have a large amount of egg sail white urine, hyperlipidemia, hypoproteinemia, etc. And the body is often in a hypovolemic hypercoagulable state. With antihypertensive drugs and diuretics, renal perfusion may decrease abruptly and glomerular filtration rate decreases, leading to acute renal failure.

3.Infection occurs.

During the disease, large amounts of immunoglobulins are lost in the urine, resulting in a decrease in plasma proteins, which affects the formation of antibodies. However, the use of adrenocorticosteroids and some cytotoxic drugs can reduce the patient's resistance and make him susceptible to infection.

4. Coronary heart disease.

Patients with nephrotic syndrome often have hyperlipidemia, hypercoagulability, and coronary heart disease. Studies have reported that people with nephrotic syndrome have a higher chance of myocardial infarction. In addition, coronary heart disease is a major contributor to death in patients with nephrotic syndrome.

In fact, there are many complications that can be caused by nephrotic syndrome. It can be seen that this disease has brought us great harm. Therefore, patients must actively carry out nephrotic syndrome and strive for this disease as soon as possible.

Nephrotic syndrome is prone to complications such as infection, thrombosis, acute renal failure, and lipid metabolism disorders.

Answer]: B. Examination of knowledge and inventory is the cause of nephrotic syndrome that is susceptible to co-infection.

Complications of nephrotic syndrome include infection, electrolyte imbalances, hypovolemic shock, hypercoagulability, and thrombosis. Patients with this disease are due to: protein malnutrition caused by massive proteinuria; high stool edema makes circulation poor; The loss of immunoglobulin and complement components in the urine causes immunocompromise and is very susceptible to various infections, among which respiratory tract infection, ** infection, and pre-feast primary peritonitis are the most common.

Susceptibility to infections such as varicella-zoster virus and measles virus when adrenocorticotropic hormone** is used.

The most common complication of nephrotic syndrome is a respiratory infection.

Complications of nephrotic syndrome include infections (mainly respiratory), thrombotic and embolic complications, acute renal failure, and disorders of protein and fat metabolism. The most common of these are respiratory infections.

Nephrotic syndrome is a common clinical manifestation of primary or secondary glomerular disease. The main manifestations are massive proteinuria, 24-hour urine protein quantification greater than gram hypoproteinemia, plasma albumin less than 30 grams per liter, high edema, and hyperlipidemia. Patients with nephrotic syndrome are prone to complications such as blood clots and infections due to hypoproteinemia, and according to your current results, there is a decrease in kidney function, and it is recommended to make a clear diagnosis as soon as possible**.

4.Complication.

1) Infection: upper respiratory tract infection, ** infection, peritonitis, etc.

2) Electrolyte disorders: low sodium, low potassium, hypocalcemia.

3) Thrombosis: Renal vein thrombosis is common in arterial and venous thrombosis, and there are severe pain in the waist and abdomen, hematuria, etc.

5) Protein and fat metabolism disorders.

Three more and one less: hyperproteinuria, hyperlipidemia, high edema, hypoproteinemia.

The most common complications of nephrotic syndrome are answered as follows: Nephrotic syndrome is a serious disease with many complications, including respiratory tract infections, thrombosis and embolic complications, kidney failure, and disorders of protein and fat metabolism. Leads to the occurrence of uremia and requires attention.