What impact did the Hundred Schools of Thought have on later generations?

"Hundred schools" are based on the "surname" of "hundred family names" and the "son" as the representative of the thinkers. The main characters are Confucius, Mencius, Mozi, Xunzi, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Liezi, Han Feizi, Shang Ying, Shen Buxian, Xu Xing, Gaozi, Yang Zi, Gongsun Long, Huizi, Sun Wu, Sun Bin, Zhang Yi, Su Qin, Tian Piao, Shenzi, Yin Wen, Zou Yan, Yanzi, Lü Buwei, Guanzi, Guiguzi, etc. Many of the ideas of the Hundred Schools of Thought have left a profound inspiration for future generations.

For example, the Confucian "benevolent government", "do not do to others what you do not want to do to yourself"; Mencius's Ancient Democratic Thought; Taoist dialectics; Mohist scientific thought; Legalist materialism; The military thinking of the military is still shining today. It was the famous master of "sophistry" who also created the field of logic in the history of Chinese philosophy. We can and should learn from the vigorous and promising spirit of Confucianism to motivate ourselves to be indignant and strong; learn from the Confucian spirit of public loyalty to the country to cultivate their own patriotic feelings; Borrowing from Confucianism"Righteousness for profit"spirit, to enlighten oneself to treat material interests correctly, to learn from the Confucian spirit of benevolence, to cultivate one's noble sentiment of loving the people; Learn from the Confucian concept of integrity to cultivate one's own self-esteem and self-improvement of independent personality; It also borrowed from the Mohists"And love"、"Sanghyun"、"Economical use"；Taoism's "less selfishness and few desires", "Taoism is natural"; Legalist"Abolish private enterprises"In the Spring and Autumn Period, when the royal family declined and the princes competed for hegemony, scholars traveled around the world to give advice to the princes, and it was formed in the Warring States Period"A hundred schools of thought contend"situation.

The traditional division of the hundred schools originated from Sima Qian's father, Sima Tan. In his "On the Essence of the Six Schools", he divided the hundred schools of thought for the first time into six schools: "Yin and Yang, Confucianism, Mo, Name, Law, and Dao".

Later, Liu Xin added "vertical and horizontal, miscellaneous, agricultural, and **" to ten on the basis of Sima Tan's division in "Seven Strategies". Ban Gu attacked Liu Xin in "Hanshu Art and Literature", and believed: "There are ten families of princes, and there are only nine of them."

Later, people went to the "** house" and called the remaining nine families "Nine Streams".

The contention of a hundred schools of thought has promoted the experience of Confucianism's struggle, increased the exclusivity of Confucianism, and tended to implement the idea of great unification in the hearts of the people.

Warring States period. The contention of a hundred schools of thought laid the foundation for ancient Chinese thought and theory.

The greatest influence on later generations was Confucianism.

and Legalism, the rulers of the Chinese dynasties, except for the Qin Dynasty, which purely used Legalism, and the Taoist ideas practiced in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. China's 2,000-year-old feudal society has always practiced the concept of "yang, confucianism, and yin" governance. That is to say, it is Confucianism that is preached, but what is practiced is the power and law of Legalism.

It is also called "Confucianism is the table, Legalism is the bone".

The basic concept of Legalism originated from Taoism. That is, people often say that "the learning of Shang and Han is based on Huang Lao".Meaning: Shang Ying and Han Feizi.

The basis of the doctrine is ** Yu, Lao Tzu and the Yellow Emperor.

The doctrine of Taoism (there are only fragments of the doctrine of the Yellow Emperor, I don't think much of it) doctrine. Shang Ying and Han Fei advocated "killing to stop killing, and killing again." Sentences can be stopped, and heavy sentences can be carried out".With promising means, we finally achieve the goal of ruling by inaction.

The Confucian "use of virtue" and the Mohist "Shangxian", and the Confucian "benevolence" and the Mohist "concomitant love" are also somewhat similar.

And Confucius. Zigong, one of the seventy-two sages, is also a vertical and horizontal family.

The originator of the . (This guy is not at all like Confucianism) Zonghengjia is also a long history in Chinese history. The doctrine of the "Yin-Yang Family" has also been accepted and practiced by successive rulers. Needless to say, soldiers. As long as there is war, this doctrine is used.

There is also a "miscellaneous school" of the Ten Schools, which is a doctrine that integrates classical Chinese philosophy. Therefore, the various schools of thought in the controversy have a deep influence on China and the world in later generations.

It's hard to write, I hope I can.

The historical impact of the controversy of a hundred schools of thought: the formation of China's traditional cultural system, the first ideological emancipation movement in Chinese history, an important stage in the history of China's academic culture, ideological and moral development, and laid the foundation for the development of China's ideology and culture.

The term "Hundred Schools of Thought" first appeared in the pre-Qin period in China, referring to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period from 770 BC to 221 BC. Baijia originally referred to various schools of thought in the pre-Qin era, and later referred to various political and academic thoughts.

Ming, as the name suggests, refers to the expression of opinions, and today refers to the fact that different schools of thought in science can freely argue, forming a situation in which different schools of thought among intellectuals and families compete with each other.

Impact:1Confucius was the founder of Confucianism, and the doctrine of Ren enabled Confucianism to break through the old traditions and lay a new foundation for the development of ancient Chinese culture.

The doctrine of Confucius was inherited and developed by Mencius and Xunzi, and was continuously revised by later generations to become a doctrine with universal and long-term influence in China.

2.Mozi particularly emphasized the role of labor in social life, and established his own doctrine of "contemporaneous love". The representative figures of Taoism are Lao Tzu and Zhuangzi, and Lao Tzu's doctrine has played a role that cannot be underestimated for the way of life of the Chinese in later generations, all of which are designing a plan for the ruler to govern the country and level the world, and this fashion of paying attention to society and actively participating in reality has formed a practical rationality that can represent the characteristics of traditional Chinese culture;

3.The formation of the traditional Chinese cultural system laid the foundation of the entire feudal culture of China. forming the characteristics of inclusiveness, tolerance and openness of Chinese ideology and culture;

4.It was the first ideological emancipation movement in China's history, and various schools of thought promoted social change.

The controversy of a hundred schools of thought had an extremely far-reaching impact on the history of China at that time and later. Let's take a closer look!

Basically, China's traditional cultural system was formed, which was the first large-scale ideological emancipation movement in Chinese history, and effectively promoted the development of Chinese history. It is an important milestone stage in the history of the development of Chinese academic culture and thought, and has laid the foundation for the development of Chinese thought and culture. They argued with each other, influenced each other, and learned from each other's strong points and complemented each other's weaknesses, thus effectively promoting the development of ideology and culture.

First, political factors. At that time, it was a period of great social change, and the society was in turmoil, and the various vassal states were in dispute. In order to achieve supremacy in the struggle, the kings of the vassal states competed to recruit talented people and use different ideas and doctrines to make their countries rich and powerful.

This creates a relaxed academic atmosphere for hundreds of schools of thought to contend.

Second, economic factors. At that time, there was a great economic development, which made it possible for certain people to become idle and have time to engage in their own academic activities.

Third, scientific and technological factors. Great progress has been made in science and technology, such as astronomy, mathematics, optics, acoustics, mechanics, medicine and other aspects have reached a high level at that time. These scientific and technological achievements indicate the improvement of people's level of understanding and enrich people's spiritual world and material life.

Fourth, cultural factors. At that time, "the Son of Heaven lost his official position and studied in Siyi", and the result was to break the situation of "learning in the government", so that the cultural and academic monopolized by the aristocracy spread to the lower strata of society and moved down to the people (this historical phenomenon is called "cultural downward shift"), resulting in "private learning flourishing".

Fifth, the factor of academic freedom. Academic societies are relatively independent of political power. Although they proceeded from the interests of different social groups, they wrote books and lectures, discussed current affairs, expounded philosophies, and formed their own opinions, but they were not political vassals and attached to a certain political power group, but "if they use me, they will stay, and if they don't use me, they will go."

1. Confucius. 1. Confucius advocated the rule of etiquette, while Zhaofeng opposed the rule of law. The meaning of rites was very extensive in ancient times, referring to the etiquette and rituals of international communication, the crown, marriage, funeral, sacrifice, feast and other ceremonies of the nobles, including political systems, moral norms, etc.

2. Confucius advocated self-denial and retribution.

3. In terms of education, Confucius advocated the spirit of "teaching without class", "teaching according to aptitude" and "never tiring of learning and teaching people".

4. In terms of morality, he advocates "forgiveness, shame, trustworthiness, sensitivity, benevolence, gentleness, kindness, courtesy, thrift, and letting".

Second, Lao Tzu. 1. Ideologically: Lao Tzu's thought advocates "non-action", Lao Tzu advocates "not being virtuous", "making the people ignorant and desireless", and wants people to return to a state of "non-action" without contradictions.

Lao Tzu advocates "non-action", advocates going with the flow, conforms to heavenly principles, and denies theism.

2. In politics, the Spring Clan: Lao Tzu advocates the rule of inaction and teaching without words. In terms of power, Lao Tzu pays attention to the principle that things must be reversed.

Answer: 1. Explanation of the terms of a hundred schools of thought.

1. It refers to the phenomenon that there are many "hundred schools" in the field of academic thought during the Warring States Period and argue with each other. At that time, there were many academic schools, including Confucianism, Law, Taoism, Mo, Mingming, Yin and Yang, Vertical and Horizontal, Agriculture, and Miscellaneous. They wrote books and made speeches, lobbied and argued, forming a situation in which "a hundred schools of thought contended for the morning."

It played a role in promoting the development of ideology and scholarship at that time, and also had a profound impact on the development of social economy.

2. The contention of a hundred schools of thought refers to the emergence of different schools of thought among intellectuals during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) and the situation of competition between various family schools.

The impact on later generations is still relatively large, for example, the people of our country are now relatively united and unified, and it is from this influence that the successive dynasties have continued their conceptual civilization, which has a deep-rooted impact on China's morality and tradition.

Let the future generations be more united, and let the future generations become a family, but also help the world to develop better, but also get better unity, but also let other countries unify.

It allows us to vigorously develop Confucianism, Mohism and Legalism. Learn about their ideology and culture. Establish a correct outlook on life and values.