Causes and judgments of feed mold, how to deal with feed mold How to deal with feed mold

The main causes of feed mold are:

Feed moisture exceeded.

The feed moisture is higher, but it does not necessarily exceed the standard, but it causes the whole bag of feed to become moldy, if the whole bag is moldy when the moisture does not exceed the standard, it can be considered whether the antifungal agent is added enough, or whether there is a quality problem.

Problems before feed bagging.

Partial mold of feed caused by uneven cooling of feed or hot material packaging;

Problems with packaging materials.

There is no problem with the feed itself, but the packaging material is poor, especially the inner membrane of the packaging is easy to absorb moisture after it is ruptured during the moving process, causing the feed to become moldy at the rupture;

Poor storage after opening.

It is not used in time after opening, and it absorbs moisture and mildew in a humid environment, which is caused by poor storage.

Behavior when the feed is moldy.

In the process of storage, feed is inevitably affected by mycotoxins, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Only the sealing area is moldy.

This situation is mainly due to the high humidity of the air, the moisture in the air is transferred to the feed seal, resulting in high moisture in the sealing part, if the temperature is high, the feed is very easy to mold at the seal. In this case, it is generally seen that there is mildew at the sealing place, and there are mold blocks, which become wholesale mold.

The edges of the bag are moldy.

The mold on the edge of the bag is mainly caused by the temperature difference between the feed and the environment, and the temperature difference is too large, and the feed moisture in the bag is transferred to the edge of the bag and the local moisture is high, which causes the edge of the mold. This type of mold generally has mold clumps on the edge of the bag, and it is common to stack the bottom layer and intermediate packaging.

Mould is evenly formed inside the bag.

This type of mold is generally caused by high feed moisture under normal storage conditions, or by a long storage time. Batches of feed are moldy.

There are small mold lumps in the bag.

It can be mold lumps that have fallen off the equipment during feed processing. This situation generally occurs on an individual basis and does not become a wholesale mold.

Feed mold is mainly caused by environmental factors, it may be too wet, and the feed is not dry and too humid during the fermentation process.

Most of the reason why the feed is moldy is that the kitchen environment is too humid, so it will become moldy.

In some areas of China, the problem of feed mildew caused by high temperature and humidity is very serious, and the problem of feed mildew has become one of the main problems affecting feed production in summer. Mold reduces the nutritional value of feed, affects palatability, and more seriously, causes mycotoxins in feed products to exceed the standard, endangering animal health and thus endangering human food safety. In order to prevent feed mildew, various manufacturers have taken a lot of measures and have received certain results.

However, due to the influence of many factors due to mildew, mildew may occur in the whole logistics process from raw material inspection to the arrival of finished feed products at the breeding site.

The cause of the moldy feed is that the house is too humid and hot.

Hello, first of all, you smell the smell, if it is moldy, it is different from the usual smell, and then look at the color.

Whether the feed is moldy or not, it needs to be seen: whether there is clumping, whether the feed has green hair; Smell: It is no longer the original fragrance of the feed, but a pungent smell; Touch: If the degree of mold is not serious, you can't see the green hair, but if you touch it, it will still be stained with mold spore powder.

As long as the sense of smell is okay, basically you can smell whether there is a musty smell or a pungent smell to know whether it is moldy.

Dilution method: This is a method used by most feed manufacturers at present. The moldy feed is mixed with the non-moldy feed in a certain proportion and then processed. Although this method can solve the temporary problem, the effective shelf life of the feed treated by this method is short, and it cannot be stored for a long time, and must be used up in a relatively short time, otherwise it will cause greater waste.

In addition, the process of feed reprocessing is also the process of re-destruction of feed nutrients, which must cause some nutrients in the feed to be lost to a certain extent.

1. Drying method. For the feed where the mildew is not serious and only the mold is attached to the surface, it is recommended to ventilate and dry, find a wide place with good ventilation conditions and good drying conditions for drying, until the mold body falls off. Treating slightly mildewed raw materials with radiation or exposure to the sun can destroy 50%-90% of the aflatoxins.

2. Cooking method. That is, put the moldy feed in a pot, add water and cook for half an hour to an hour, and then remove the water before use.

3. Demildew agent deenzyme. It is to use a professional demilcotic agent for deenzyme, which has the effect of professional deenzymeing, and has the effect of inhibiting the growth and degradation of mycotoxins contained in the feed, and has achieved the deenzyme effect. Enzymatic degradation has a good effect on removing mycotoxins and has strong practicability, so it is recommended to use war mold.

4. Dilution method. In view of the cost considerations, after the feed is contaminated, due to the high cost, many farmers are reluctant to throw it away, but the feeding is afraid of producing a large amount of food, so we will deal with it to a certain extent. For example:

Drying, cooking, professional de-enzyme, etc., after doing these, and then add a certain proportion of good feed, which is the so-called dilution method. But remember, be sure to add in small amounts.

<> to prevent feed mold, the moisture content of stored food should be strictly controlled, and the main factors that lead to feed mold are moisture, temperature and oxygen concentration. If the moisture can be controlled, it can effectively avoid mold in food. Keeping the humidity under the safety line is the easiest way to store it.

Therefore, animal feed crops should be harvested as soon as possible after harvest and kept dry. The moisture content of rice should be controlled below 13%, the moisture content of corn should be controlled below and the moisture content of peanuts should be controlled below 8%.

<> to reduce feed costs, some small feed production companies may use by-products such as distilled grains and alternative feed materials. These ingredients are often contaminated with high levels of mycotoxins, which can reduce the quality of the feed and greatly increase the risk of mold in subsequent processes. The walls can also be treated with moisture barriers.

It is best to place the 10 20cm keel on a hardened ground and place a synthetic plaque or Madeira tablets as a secondary moisture protection treatment.

If you feed mold to pigs, it will affect the growth and development of pigs and easily lead to some digestive diseases. However, throwing away moldy food and increasing the cost of reproduction is very wasteful. Selection and cultivation of a variety of food crops for antimicrobial animals.

Different forage crops have different sensitivities to shape. Therefore, the selection and cultivation of antimicrobial feed crop varieties can reduce the harm of mold, which is also a direct way to prevent in feed. The popularization and gradual application of biogenetic engineering can breed a variety of food crops for antimicrobial animals.

The feed is now used and processed, and after the feed is crushed, it should be completely dissipated. When the temperature drops to room temperature, it can be bagged, otherwise, it is easy to cause water agglomeration and cause powder deterioration. Processed feed should not be stored for more than two days.

Pig farms with conditions can consider adding inhibitors to animal feed to avoid the formation of mold. According to the feed consumption plan developed in advance by the pig farm, in principle, the pigs should receive fresh feed within seven days from the date of production and should use the feed as soon as possible during the guarantee period.

In the scorching summer, the heat outside is unbearable, and when the price of feed raw materials rises and the inventory is too large or not properly stored, it is inevitable that there will be feed mildew. At this timeOn the one hand, it will cause livestock and poultry to be poisoned by eating moldy feed, and on the other hand, it will cause different degrees of economic damage to end users.

Take precautions! To prevent mildew of pellet feed, it is recommended to do a good job (take pig pellet feed as an example):

1.Procurement off. Under normal circumstances, the shelf life of pellet feed is 45 days, and when encountering excessive purchase of feed raw materials or pig farm disease, it is inevitable to cause slow consumption of purchased feed and mildew.

Generally, the purchase of pellet feed should be preferred by brand manufacturers. Because most brand manufacturers pay more attention to brand image, moisture control and raw material procurement are more reasonable and standardized, that is, everyone often says to cherish their own feathers.

Second, we should pay attention to the supervision of the transportation process and sign a transportation agreement with the driver to prevent damage from rain during transportation. It is well known that there are many ruts in summer. When the drivers we use are not strong in their sense of responsibility or neglect in the transportation process, they may have different degrees of mildew in the pellet feed after that.

2.Storage and use off. Under normal circumstances, it is difficult for our end users to consume it in a few days at a time, and in most cases it may take about 10 days or half a month or even longer.

Based on this situation, the Breeder Fortune Horse recommends:

The first is to be diligent and less advanced in summer. Second, the warehouse should be on higher ground as much as possible and keep the north and south unimpeded. If conditions permit, the floor of the warehouse is paved with leaky wooden boards or plastic boards, and electric fans are set up to ventilate for 1-2 hours a day in summer.

The third is to palletize in a single batch as much as possible to maintain ventilation conditions between batches. Fourth, to prevent the warehouse pellet feed from the sun and rain, in case of rainy days or even rainy days, close the doors and windows of the warehouse in time. Fifth, it is to prevent the contamination of rodent bites in the granular feed of the warehouse.

Do not regularly inspect the feed warehouse, and when encountering rat bites or rotten bags of polluted pellet feed, it should be rationally disposed of and used.

As the saying goes:"Three stinkers are Zhuge Liang. ”The purpose is to communicate more with everyone, so that our terminal farm (household) owners can avoid risks as early as possible, suffer less losses, and then breed more profits.

The feed can be packed into sealed bags and placed in a cool place to inhibit mold growth.

When choosing feed in the summer, you should choose some vegetables, or choose some light diet, and at the same time, you should also put them in some cool environment, you can add some water, and prepare everything less to not be easy to mold.

Attention should be paid to understanding the shelf life of the feed, and at the same time, it should not be placed in a particularly humid place, but in a relatively high place, and a relatively dry environment should be selected.

Rabbits are particularly sensitive to moldy feed and are prone to poisoning and death after eating. There are several ways to prevent mold growth in feed.

1. Add antifungal agent - calcium propionate. Calcium propionate has a good anti-mildew effect, and the addition amount is generally 1% per 50 kilograms of calcium propionate in the material, and the material is not moldy after 3 months of storage.

2. Add methyl violet mildew prevention, and add methyl violet 0 per kilogram of words.

5 grams. 3. Increase garlic to prevent mildew, and add human feed according to 3% garlic slices.

4. Add sodium benzoate to prevent mildew, and add 1 gram of sodium benzoate per kilogram of words.

5. Sodium acetate and acetic acid are mixed according to 1:2, and sorbitol of 1% of its mass is added, mixed thoroughly, dried and set aside. Add people to the vocabulary at a rate of 1%.

6. Adding an appropriate amount of antifungal drugs such as annular code oxyethane, phenimidazole and sulfur, atractylodes, mugwort leaves, etc. also have a certain effect.

7. Add an appropriate amount of Chinese herbal powder such as atractylodes, mugwort leaves and pyrethrum. Huai draft.

8 rainy season in May and June every year, the storage room warehouse should also take moisture-proof and moisture-absorbing measures, such as placing quicklime in the corner of the wall; The material is sealed and stored with plastic film; The word bag should not be placed directly on the concrete floor, but on a wooden shelf, with a walkway 50 to 60 cm wide from the wall around it to facilitate ventilation and inspection.

There are 6 common treatment methods.

1. Use mold remover scientifically and use antifungal agent moderately. Mainly for the raw materials with slight mildew, the method of mixing the raw materials and the mold remover step by step is adopted, so that the mold remover and the raw materials are fully mixed, and then used as raw materials. The mold remover also has the effect of adsorbing some nutrients while removing mildew, and should not be directly mixed with trace ingredients such as vitamins.

Therefore, it is very important to use and master certain skills scientifically, and blindly increasing the dose will only be counterproductive. For feed with a certain storage period, it is necessary to use mildew inhibitors moderately, and it is recommended to use antifungal agents such as sodium diacetate, lactic acid, and propionic acid.

2. Ventilation and drying, remove surface mold. There are many kinds of molds, and in the case of small mold variables in the epidermis, ventilation drying can be used to remove the mold bodies attached to the epidermis. The most typical is Aspergillus cornis, which is screened after drying in the drying field to make the epidermal mold fall off, and then the use method is decided according to the mildew, the first method can be used for mild cases, and the next method is recommended for moderate or severe mildew.

3 Dilution method. Medium and high mildew raw materials should no longer be used as animal feed, but the proportion of unqualified mildew feed in China is large, and the value is expensive, and it is not realistic to discard. In this case, it is recommended to use the dilution method, that is, to mix good raw materials with them, the proportion depends on the situation, and the first and second methods must be processed in advance.

4 Washing method. This method can be used for corn, after the corn is crushed, the method of washing is used to wash away the mold and its toxins, and at the same time remove the germ floating on the surface, which can better remove the mycotoxins. However, this method is difficult to operate, and the amount can be used in a small amount, and the processed corn should be used in time, and it is inconvenient to store.

5 Change of use. It can be used when the batch is large, and one is completely changed, used for industrial fermentation, etc., to recover most of the cost. The second is to change the feeding object, which is the second best thing.

For example, it is changed from pig to ordinary aquatic products, but it must be treated by the first and third methods, otherwise the effect is very poor.

6 Microecological mitigation method. For users with a certain storage period, moldy feed has the risk of continued mildew deterioration, which will cause problems such as diarrhea and poisoning. Therefore, it is recommended to use microecological preparations to alleviate damage, which has a competitive inhibitory effect on mold, and the complex enzymes it produces also have a certain detoxification function.