What is the composition of the automobile steering transmission mechanism?

The basic components of the steering system.

1) The steering control mechanism is mainly composed of steering wheel, steering shaft, steering column, etc.

2) Steering gear A mechanism that changes the rotation of the steering wheel into the swing of the steering rocker arm or the linear reciprocating motion of the rack shaft, and amplifies the steering control force. The steering gear is generally fixed on the frame or body of the car, and the steering control force will generally change the direction of transmission after passing through the steering gear.

3) Steering transmission mechanism The mechanism that transmits the force and motion output by the steering gear to the wheels (steering knuckles) and makes the left and right wheels deflect according to a certain relationship.

According to the different steering energy, the steering system can be divided into two categories: mechanical steering system and power steering system.

As far as the power steering system configured on the current car and the information I can see, it can be roughly divided into three categories, (1) one is the mechanical hydraulic power steering system; (2) one is an electro-hydraulic power steering system; (3) Another electric power steering system.

The steering transmission mechanism refers to a complete set of rods between the steering gear BAI and the steering wheel DU. Its function is to transfer the force output from the steering gear to the DAO steering wheel, so that it can be deflected to realize the steering of the car. The steering transmission mechanism of a general automobile is composed of a steering sag arm, a longitudinal tie rod, a knuckle arm, a left and right trapezoidal arm, a cross tie rod, etc.

1) Steering longitudinal tie rod. The steering longitudinal tie rod is made of steel tubes that are enlarged at both ends. The ball joints at both ends are composed of ball pins, ball pin seats, spring seats, springs and screw plugs, etc., and are connected with steering sag arms and knuckle arms respectively.

2) Steering tie rod. The steering tie rod is a member connecting the left and right trapezoidal arms, which consists of a tie rod body and plugs screwed at both ends. The two plugs are equipped with ball pins and ball pin seats and springs, etc., and the two plugs are connected with the tie rod body with reverse threads.

The pipe threads at both ends of the tie rod body correspond to the two plugs, one end is right-handed, and the other end is left-handed. Therefore, after unscrewing the clamping bolt and turning the tie rod body, the total length of the tie rod can be changed to adjust the toe.

The steering system of the vehicle is composed of three parts: steering control mechanism, steering gear, and steering transmission mechanism.

The function of the steering system is to ensure that the car can drive in the direction selected by the driver. The steering system is mainly composed of a steering control mechanism (including a steering wheel, a steering shaft, etc.), a steering gear, and a steering transmission mechanism (including a steering tie rod, a turning knuckle, a steering knuckle, a steering wheel, etc.).

The steering system is composed of three parts: steering control mechanism, steering gear and steering transmission mechanism, and the driver's physical strength is used as steering energy.

There are two types of steering systems: mechanical steering system, where the steering energy is the driver's physical strength; The steering energy of the power steering system includes the driver's physical strength and engine power, and is generally used in vehicles weighing more than 50 tons.

The requirements of the steering system are: the ability to automatically return to the center, the operation should be light and sensitive, the direction of rotation should be consistent with the change of the car's driving, the recoil force transmitted to the steering wheel should be as small as possible, and the natural vibration should not be generated in the driving state.

For the correct design of the trapezoidal mechanism of steering, it can ensure that the wheels rotate around the steering center when the car is turning and driving.

From the current point of view, the more mature technology types include worm Xiao type (WP type), worm roller type (WR type), recirculating ball type (BS type), rack and pinion type (RP type), which have been widely used in automobiles. Judging from the data, the recirculating ball steering gear accounts for about 45%, the rack and pinion steering gear accounts for about 40%, the worm roller steering gear accounts for about 10%, and other types of steering gear account for 5%.

Judging from the development trend, the steady development of the circulating ball type, especially in buses, has reached 100%.

Common faults in the steering system include direction deviation, direction swinging, heavy steering, insufficient turning, etc.

According to the advantages of power steering, power steering systems will become a trend, not only in large vehicles, because power steering systems not only improve the handling of the car, but also improve driving safety.

The steering control mechanism is made up of steering wheel, steering shaft, steering column, etc., and is also provided with universal joint and flexible coupling in some long-distance control mechanisms, and its function is to transmit the control force of the driver to turn the steering wheel to the steering gear. (1) Steering wheel. In order for the driver to have a good view, the space in the upper part of the steering wheel is generally large, and usually, the steering wheel is connected to the steering shaft with splines.

In order to meet the needs of different drivers' body and driving position characteristics, many cars adopt a retractable tilting steering wheel device, which has the function of adjusting the angle and distance to meet the special needs of the driver. (2) Steering shaft. The steering axle is the force transmission shaft that transmits the steering torque of the driver acting on the steering wheel to the steering gear, and its upper part is fixedly connected with the steering wheel, and the lower part is equipped with a steering universal joint and a steering gear.

In addition to flexible universal joints, the steering shafts of modern automobiles are also equipped with mechanisms that can change the working angle of the steering wheel (the transmission direction of the steering shaft) and the height of the steering wheel (the axial length of the steering shaft) to facilitate the operation of drivers of different sizes. (3) Detachable safety steering control mechanism. The steering column of this kind of steering control mechanism is divided into upper and lower sections, and when a collision occurs, the upper and lower two sections are separated from each other or slide against each other, so as to effectively prevent the injury of the steering wheel to the driver, but the steering control mechanism itself does not contain an energy-absorbing device.

The automobile steering control mechanism includes a steering wheel, a steering shaft, a steering column, etc. Its role is to transfer the driver's handling force to the steering gear.

The steering control mechanism components include a steering wheel, a steering shaft, a steering string and a steering shaft universal joint. The ignition key switch assembly is installed in the steerer column cover. For safety, the steering wheel movement can be secured by removing the ignition key and using a bolt lock, and then securing the shaft to the steering column.

Some steering systems may have tilt adjustment or telescopic devices to make the ride more comfortable.

Figure 1) Principle of general explanation.

Steering strings and steering shafts.

The steering shaft is located inside the steering column. The steering column supports the steering shaft and holds it in place, with the steering wheel at the top and the flexible connection or universal joint at the bottom, as well as other parts that transmit the steering wheel rotation to the steering machine.

Retractable steering control mechanism.

Retractable steering wheels and steering columns are used to prevent serious injuries to the driver in accidents. When the retractable steering column is depressed during the start of the collision, it prevents the steering wheel from injuring the driver and buffers the secondary collision between the driver and the steering wheel. By shrinking vertically along the steering string, the energy of the collision is absorbed by the steering shaft or steering column.

Structural general solution. Figure 2

There is basically no difference in the structure of the main components of the mechanically adjustable and electrically adjustable steering columns, both of which are equipped with electric steering locks.

The mechanically adjustable steering column is held in place by means of two sets of metal sheets, each with 8 steel plates. Each of the 4 steel plates can be adjusted axially, and the clearance on the steel plates for adjustment is arranged axially. The other 4 steel plates on each side are arranged vertically to complete the vertical adjustment of the steering column.

The clamping process is completed by the upward movement of two rollers along the bevel of the disc cam. An eccentric spring holds the lever in place.

Figure 2) Structural General Solution.

Fig. 3 the axial adjustment of the electric adjustment steering column: the motor and the screw rod with the reducer are fixed together with the box-type rocker arm, the guide box with the steering column is fixed together with the adjustment seat, the screw rod is screwed in the internal thread of the adjustment seat, and the rotary motion of the screw rod is converted into the axial motion of the guide plate box and the steering column. The motor has a Hall sensor that measures the number of revolutions the motor has made, and the control unit calculates the current position of the steering column.

Figure 3) Structural general solution.

Fig. 4 The vertical adjustment of the electric adjustment steering column: the box-type rocker arm with the guide box and the steering column is supported in the bracket and can be rotated, the motor with the flexible shaft, the screw and the reducer is fixed together with the box-type rocker arm, the bracket is equipped with a threaded sleeve, the screw rod is screwed in the sleeve, and the rotation of the screw rod will make the threaded sleeve move in the vertical direction. The box rocker arm with guide box and steering column rotates around a common center of rotation, and the other end of the screw is held together with a cylindrical gear, which is transmitted by a toothed belt to a screw on the other side of the steering column, where the same components are used to adjust.

This two-sided support can greatly improve the connection stiffness of the steering column. There is a Hall sensor inside the motor, which measures the number of revolutions the motor makes, which is then counted by the control unit.

1. Steering gear

A steering gear is a device used to reduce and increase the torque in the steering system, and to change the direction of rotation of the steering torque. The steering system should be reliable, portable, and easy to operate. In the event of a collision, the steering device can play a role in reducing the injury to the driver.

The power steering system mainly transmits the power of the engine to the steering system, and controls the steering wheel with both hands through the driver's stable force. When the steering system is faultless and the engine is normal, the steering control of the car is very light, it can be said that one finger can move the steering wheel, and most of the power comes from the engine-driven hydraulic steering power peder. If the power steering system fails, it can get stuck, become heavier, or even unable to move; If the engine doesn't start, the power steering system will be paralyzed.

Although the driver has a lot of strength or physical strength, he cannot take on steering tasks on his own. This requires us to regularly inspect and maintain, solve problems in a timely manner, and eliminate hidden dangers.

Second, the rocker arm

Generally not easily damaged. But the most susceptible to damage are the ball joints and pin holders. Due to long-term lack of oil or rust, it may aggravate wear and even damage, which requires us to regularly check and maintain and add grease.

Its role is to transmit the force and motion output by the steering gear to the straight rod. The upper end of the steering rocker arm is provided with a tapered hole with a fine-toothed spline, and the hole is connected with the steering rocker shaft at the output end of the steering gear through a spline. The outer end of the rocker shaft and the outer end of the bore on the upper end of the steering rocker arm are engraved with ** as an assembly mark to ensure proper assembly.

3. Steering straight tie rod

The front end of the steering stem is a ball head, and the rear end is a ball head seat. They are all vulnerable parts. Long-term use of the vehicle, long-term use in harsh conditions or long-term non-maintenance will accelerate wear and tear, causing early damage.

This requires us to inspect, maintain, and use them correctly on a regular basis. If the ball joint is loose and worn seriously, it must be stopped immediately, replaced with new parts, and then used after the collapse is restored to normal.

Fourth, the steering tie rod

The steering tie rod is composed of hollow steel pipes with positive and reverse threads at both ends. Two ball joints are mainly installed. The ball knot is mounted on the ball joint seat, locked with a nut and installed with a cotter pin.

The ball joint seat and the ball joint at both ends of the handlet are consumable parts. If there are problems such as direction sway and direction deviation during driving, stop to check whether the ball joints at both ends are loose and whether the gap is too large. Under normal circumstances, the car is mainly to go to the repair shop for regular inspection and maintenance.

This is the only way to prolong the service life, because large trucks are pulling heavy loads or even overloading them every day. If you tow the tie rod joint, you will lose your direction while driving, endangering your own safety and pedestrian safety, and injuring others and yourself. It is essential to check the oil, water and lighting system before driving; Check tire pressure and brakes for two hours on the road; After returning to the site, the chassis is mainly inspected such as steering system, drive system, etc.

Resolve and eliminate issues in a timely manner.

It is composed of a steering tube, a steering tube, a steering wheel, and a steering column, which is used to help the car turn.

The steering tube, column steering, axle steering wheel, and most of the steering devices are made up of these three big things, which can work very well.

The main components include the steering column, the steering wheel, the steering shaft, the steering gear, and the steering transmission mechanism.

What are the components of a car steering systemWhat are the components of a car steering system? A lot of people don't know yet. Now let's take a look!

1.The basic composition of the steering system: the steering control mechanism is mainly composed of a steering wheel, a steering shaft, a steering column, etc.

2.A mechanism that converts the rotation of the steering wheel into the swing of the steering rocker arm or the linear reciprocating motion of the rack shaft and amplifies the steering force. The steering gear is generally fixed on the frame or body of the car, and the steering force will generally change the direction of transmission after passing through the steering gear.

3.The steering mechanism is a mechanism that transmits the force and motion output by the steering gear to the wheels (steering knuckles) and deflects the left and right wheels according to a certain relationship.