What causes nystagmus? What causes nystagmus?

1. Lesions in the retina or refractive medium may lead to nystagmus. If the patient has been born with cataract and choroiditis and central cornea, then the patient will have opaque spots or refractive errors that cause the patient to develop amblyopia, in which case the patient still retains part of the vision, but the eyeball is always unable to be fixed, which will also cause nystagmus.

2. Some nystagmus patients are due to being in a place where the light is not very good for a long time, so that after a long time, the patient will have eye fixation disorder, which will also lead to nystagmus.

3. Lesions in the center can also lead to nystagmus, because after the lesion occurs in the center, it will cause the symptoms of horizontal, rotational or vertical tremor, which is mainly a characteristic of brainstem diseases, and when the brainstem is compressed, distorted and deformed or poisoned by antispasmodic drugs, it can also lead to vertical tremor, which is one of the causes of nystagmus.

4. The occurrence of nystagmus is related to genetic factors, this form of inheritance is mainly autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance, such patients generally have a slight eye swing when they are at rest, and when the patient looks from any direction, this tremor will increase, and the patient will also be accompanied by the phenomenon of head vibration or point movement, but the patient has no conscious symptoms.

Nystagmus causes include the following:

ocular disease (retinal afferents, abnormal nerve impulses or no impulse afferents);

lesions of the inner ear-vestibular nucleus connection and the brainstem intra-vestibular connection;

cervical spinal cord injury;

damage to the central pathways responsible for ocular movements and position (mainly the brainstem cerebellum);

congenital or unexplained nystagmus;

toxicity (aminoglycoside antibiotics with some ototoxicity are common);

A transient physiological reaction to looking at a particular moving object, or when you suddenly enter a well-lit place after being in the dark for a long time.

Nystagmus refers to an involuntary, rhythmic eye swing, which is a lesion that affects the coordination function of the two aspects of the interactive nerves at the same time, and is due to the abnormal eye movement caused by some visual nerve or vestibular function lesions. According to the rhythm of nystagmus, it is divided into an impulsive and pendulum type eyeball.

Tremor should also be divided into horizontal, vertical, rotational and mixed eyeballs according to the true form of the eyeball, and normal can be divided into congenital and acquired nystagmus according to the period of occurrence, congenital nystagmus, the exact ** is unknown, mostly related to genetics, mainly caused by some efferent stromal defects. Some problems with the nerve center or co-motor control pathways are altered.

The cause of congenital nystagmus is unknown, but genetic studies in recent years have found that mutations in the FRMD7 and PAX6 genes and abnormal retinal development are associated with nystagmus.

From an ophthalmological point of view, there are the following categories:

1. Albinism, 2. Congenital cataract, 3. Optic nerve dysplasia, 4. Macular degeneration, 5. Retinitis pigmentosa, 6. Congenital glaucoma.

7. Corneal leukoplakia and other diseases that seriously affect vision can cause nystagmus.

8. Nystagmus of unknown **.

Nystagmus caused by central lesions of the brain are:

1. Vertical nystagmus, 2. Seesaw-like nystagmus, 3. Periodic changes in nystagmus, caused by space-occupying lesions, inflammation, bleeding and other central lesions, such diseases must be treated in the neurology department of a specialized hospital, so as not to delay the condition and delay **.

Nystagmus**:1Ophthalmic nystagmus refers to visual disturbance in the center of the macula, which is caused by difficulty forming the fixation reflex.

1) Physiological fixation nystagmus includes oblique nystagmus, visuodynamic nystagmus and recessive nystagmus. (2) Pathological fixation nystagmus includes blind nystagmus, amblyopia nystagmus, occupational nystagmus, etc. 2.

Vestibular nystagmus. 3.Central nystagmus.

4.Congenital idiopathic nystagmus.

Blepharotremus includes: ocular nystagmus and vestibular system and nystagmus. Oculogenic nystagmus includes:

Visual impairment, congenital amblyopia, extraocular muscle paralysis, congenital or hereditary nystagmus. The vestibular system and nystagmus are normally in a state of equilibrium between the functions of the vestibular system on both sides to maintain postural balance between the eyeball and the torso.

The eyeball moves back and forth at a marked different speed, and when the eye slowly turns in the other direction to a certain extent, it suddenly returns in a rapid movement. This type of tremor has chronic and fast phases, with chronic being physiological and fast being corrective movements. The fast phase direction is the direction of nystagmus, and the fast phase is related to **.

Nystagmus is usually caused by abnormal eye movements due to certain oculogenic, otogenic, central nervous system, or other pathologies.

What are the causes of nystagmus?

Oculogenic nystagmus.

Congenital eye malformations, ocular neuromuscular dysplasia, and cataracts are common.

Panchromatopsis, macular lesions, etc.

Otogenic nystagmus (vestibular nystagmus).

Common in Meniere's syndrome and otitis media.

Labyrinthitis and acute vestibular impairment.

Central nystagmus.

May be seen in encephalitis.

Brain tumor, cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, brain**.

Ataxia, stroke.

or multiple sclerosis, etc.

Other. It may be related to heredity, with X-linked recessive inheritance being the most common, which manifests as a parent with the disease, and children are at high risk of developing the disease.

Some nystagmus can be caused by drugs or toxic substances (eg, opioids, barbiturates, alcohol, lead, etc.).

Some special occupations, such as coal miners and train dispatchers, are prone to occupational nystagmus.

Some patients with abnormal thyroid function may have neurological symptoms such as nystagmus.

Nystagmus is an involuntary, rhythmic, back-and-forth swinging eye movement, which is a common disease, which can be acute or chronic, often caused by diseases of the visual system, extraocular muscles, inner ear labyrinth and central nervous system, which can lead to amblyopia, torticollis, blindness, etc. Nystagmus is not an independent disease, but a clinical manifestation of certain diseases, so it should be targeted. Nystagmus does not heal on its own, and there is currently no way to completely.

**The mechanism of nystagmus is complex and uncertain, and may be caused by congenital genetic factors, or it may be the clinical manifestations of other ocular and otogenic diseases. Genetic factors and environmental factors are both involved in the pathogenesis.

Main**. Oculogenic nystagmus.

Nystagmus is caused by visual impairment in the center of the macula, which makes the fixation reflex difficult.

Vestibular nystagmus.

Nystagmus due to lesions in the vestibular nucleus or its pathways connecting with the cerebellum or brainstem.

Central nystagmus.

It is more common in bulbar lesions, pontine lesions, midbrain lesions and cerebellar lesions.

Congenital idiopathic nystagmus.

A congenital condition, currently unknown, pending further study.

Others may be related to genetics, with X-linked recessive inheritance being the most common, which manifests as parents with disease and children at high risk of developing the disease. Some nystagmus can be caused by drugs or toxic substances.

Epidemiology. The prevalence of congenital nystagmus in foreign countries is still lacking in clear epidemiological statistics in China.

If you have nystagmus, you should still think that there is a problem with the optic nerve. In addition, if the eyesight is not good, you need to check the fundus to see if there are any lesions.

Nystagmus is an involuntary, rhythmic, pendulum-like or beating-like oscillation of the eyeball. The main causes of nystagmus are early eye motor dysplasia, such as congenital cataracts, which cause nystagmus, as well as family genetic history, Down syndrome, brain damage, or lesions, such as inflammation of the brain, tumors, degeneration, trauma, and vascular diseases, which may cause nystagmus. In addition, nystagmus can be caused by eye disease or eye dysfunction, degenerative changes of the optic nerve, severe astigmatism, high myopia, physical diseases, multi-site sclerosis, stroke, and severe ear inflammation.

Some poisonings can also cause nystagmus, such as sedative poisoning, antipsychotic poisoning, bromide poisoning, etc., alcoholism, albinism are also one of the causes of nystagmus. Sometimes nystagmus is not defined** and may also be affected by mental and physical strength, such as stress, fatigue or nervousness.

Nystagmus is an involuntary, rhythmic characteristic eye movement that is generally caused by an abnormality in eye movement due to certain vision-related nerves or vestibular lesions. Congenital motor nystagmus is mainly due to defects in the control mechanism of the nerve center or the co-directional motor efferent pathway, but there are no abnormal changes in the eye, which is mostly genetic.

In the case of sensory deficit nystagmus, it is generally a defect in the visual afferent path secondary to the macula, which causes feedback disorders, resulting in dysplasia of solid ventricular reflex development, loss of function of the foveal micromotor system, and nystagmus.

Recessive nystagmus is a horizontal impulsive nystagmus in which both eyes are open without nystagmus, and nystagmus occurs when one eye is covered, and the fast phase is directed at the uncovered eye, that is, the fixation eye, or it can be manifested as overt nystagmus with additional recessive nystagmus, and the amplitude of nystagmus increases and vision decreases after covering either eye.

Nystagmus is an involuntary, rhythmic, pendulum-like or throbbing oscillation of the eyeball. In general, the main causes of nystagmus are: early oculomotor dysplasia (congenital cataract), inheritance between family members, Down syndrome, brain damage or lesions (inflammation, tumors, degeneration, trauma, vascular diseases), eye diseases or eye dysfunction (optic nerve degeneration, severe astigmatism, high myopia), physical diseases (multisite sclerosis, stroke, severe ear inflammation), poisoning (all sedatives, antispasmodics, bromide, etc.), alcoholism, albinism, etc.

Sometimes nystagmus is not defined** and may also be affected by mental or physical strength, such as stress, fatigue or nervousness.

Congenital nystagmus is mainly caused by congenital or genetic factors that cause visual afferent pathway disorders, or visual transmission access disorders of eye movements. Nystagmus can be horizontal, pendulum, and irregular. At present, symptoms can be improved by surgery, but not completely**.

Mild nystagmus can also be relieved or eliminated by wearing prisms in both eyes, which move the image to the median zone. Congenital nystagmus will be accompanied by varying degrees of amblyopia, and the patient's vision is relatively poor, and it cannot be improved by medical surgery.

The cause of nystagmus is likely to be early eye motor dysplasia, or it may be due to Down syndrome and brain trauma, eye dysfunction, neurodegeneration caused by a condition, if there is congenital nystagmus, it is likely to be due to dysplasia, or it may be due to too long delivery time at the time of delivery, and the condition caused by lack of oxygen in the uterus.

Nystagmus is not a simple disease, it is a kind of low vision caused by various reasons, causing the eyes to be unable to see. Because when our eyeball looks at objects, it forms this kind of vision through the macula.

This is what the patient with nystagmus says, and the eyeball has been in this state of trembling, that is, it is impossible to see, and if it is unable to take care of it, it is a relatively low vision that causes this kind of vision, that is, it mainly means this.

Main**.

1.Oculogenic nystagmus: refers to nystagmus caused by disturbance of the central vision of the macula, which makes the fixation reflex difficult.

2.Vestibular nystagmus: nystagmus due to lesions of the vestibular nucleus or its macrocayenne pathways with the cerebellum or brainstem.

3.Central nystagmus: more common in bulbar lesions, pontine lesions, midbrain lesions, and cerebellar lesions.

Predisposing factors :

1.Usually blinking, resulting in eye muscle nerve fatigue and paralysis, can congenitally induce nystagmus.

2.Holding a movement for a long time can lead to muscle and nerve fatigue and paralysis of the eyes, which can congenitally induce nystagmus.

3.Congenital amblyopia, the development of the eye itself is imperfect, and it is very easy to have congenital nystagmus. *

This is an involuntary eye movement and is a relatively common eye disease. For example, the swimming direction is divided into horizontal type, vertical type, rotation type, etc., with the horizontal type as the common type, usually the direction of nystagmus is indicated in the fast phase direction, and the fast phase is the movement of compensatory recovery of the fixation position. If you feel unwell, you can go to the hospital system for a check-up.