About the history of human civilization, the beginning of human civilization

Then you have to read the book yourself, the history of human civilization is at least 8,000 years, how can you make it clear in one or two sentences?!

Take a look at the General History of the World for a basic understanding.

Human origins

At present, the developed science allows us to know from the fossils excavated underground that the earliest ancestors of human beings evolved from ancient apes, and the period of primitive human evolution to the appearance of bronze tools is determined to be the Stone Age according to the archaeological historical periodization of early humans, about 3 million years ago to about 5000 years ago, divided into the Paleolithic Age, the Mesolithic Age and the Neolithic Age.

1. Paleolithic Age

The Paleolithic Age is about 3 million years ago - about 10,000 years ago, the period of human development mainly marked by the use of stone tools, and is divided into three stages, the stage of capable people and straight people, the early stage of Homo sapiens, the late stage of Homo sapiens, the bones and fossils of apes have been excavated in China, there are 1.7 million years ago in Yunnan Yuanmou people, 800,000 years ago in Shaanxi Lantian people, 500,000 years ago in Beijing, about 30,000 years ago in the cave people on the top of the mountain, these discoveries have enriched the process of cultural development in China's Paleolithic Age.

The primitive people of the Paleolithic Age have been able to make stone tools, make stone axes, stone hammers, etc., and will grind animal bones into bone needles, etc., and make animal skins into clothes, which is the evolution of primitive people to civilization, from the cave people on the top of the mountain, it can be seen that the primitive people at this time have no difference from modern human characteristics, and live in groups, and found traces of the use of fire, and then the primitive people gradually evolved into clans, and the clan has experienced two stages of matriarchy and patriarchy, and there is a nest in the early days, Youchao invented the wood as the nest, which opened the primitive nest life of human beings and began human history.

2. Mesolithic Age

The Mesolithic Age is about 15,000 to 8,000 years ago, mainly in the Stone Age, stone tools have been miniaturized, and later people began to make nets to hunt, and bows and arrows were invented from wooden sticks and stone tools, and began to make nets, hunting, and breeding progress, these legends were invented by Fuxi, which opened the origin of Chinese civilization.

3. Neolithic Age

The Neolithic Age was from 10,000 years ago to 5,000-2,000 years ago, after a long period of hunting and fishing, human beings began to progress towards farming, learned to plant crops, and used wood to make agricultural tools for ploughing the land, and began to plant grains.

From the nest of the Chao clan, the drilling wood for fire of the Suiren clan, the invention of the bow and arrow of the Fuxi clan, fishing, hunting and animal husbandry, and then to the cultivation of the Shennong clan, it reflects the evolution of the production civilization of primitive people in ancient times.

The Suiren clan, the Fuxi clan, and the Shennong clan, as the three outstanding tribal leaders of the ancient primitive society, are also known as the "Three Emperors."

Anthropologists believe that the ancestors of humans came from Africa. In class, I took it for granted that the early civilization of mankind also began in Africa, and spread to various parts of the world according to ancient Egypt, ancient Lianghe Valley, ancient India, and ancient China.

According to the history textbooks for junior high schools, ancient Egypt and the ancient Lianghe Valley were the earliest civilizations of mankind, and their civilizations appeared around 3500 BC. During the migration of human beings from the African savannah to the rest of the world, small cities and small states appeared in Egypt in northern Africa and the two river basins on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean.

Only when human society has developed to a certain stage, when cities, countries, and class differentiation appear, will human civilization occur.

Around 5000 BC, the Sumerians appeared in the valley of the two rivers, and around 3500 BC, the Sumerians built cities and subsequently invented cuneiform, and civilization emerged.

Stavrianos, the author of the General History of the World, believes that the civilization of the two river basins appeared around 3500 BC, the Egyptian civilization appeared in 3000 BC, the Indian civilization appeared in 2500 BC, and the Chinese civilization appeared in 1500 BC. The first three are 500 years apart, and the Chinese civilization and the Indian civilization are 1,000 years apart. Western scholars believe that Chinese civilization began in the Yin Shang Dynasty, while Chinese scholars believe that Chinese civilization began in the Xia Dynasty, that is, in 2070 BC.

In addition to the cuneiform script, the Sumerians also invented the vehicle and the lunar calendar.

Throughout the ages, the Middle East is really a treasure land of feng shui, giving birth to human civilization, and the struggle has not stopped until now!