What is a negative slope in architecture?

Slope protection, not called negative slope.

Slope protection refers to the general term for all kinds of paving and planting on the slope surface in order to prevent the slope from being scoured.

In the section of the river where the bridge site is located, the recesses of the river bank are washed by the current year by year, which will cause the river bank to collapse continuously. In order to protect the safety of bridges and embankments, protective structures must be built on the recessed banks. In addition, when the river water flow changes due to the construction of bridges, and the river bank is washed away and endangers farmland, villages and towns, it is also necessary to build protective structures on the river bank.

This type of structure is also commonly referred to as a revetment. There are direct protection and indirect protection in the form of revetment. Direct protection is the direct reinforcement of the river bank slope to resist the erosion and scouring of the current.

It is commonly used to build rubble, dry flake stone, slurry flake stone, gabion and tip bundle. Indirect protection is suitable for the section of the river with a wide riverbed or a large protection length, and can be built to carry the water away from the riverbank.

According to the function of slope protection, it can be divided into two kinds: (a) only anti-weathering and anti-erosion slope protection, the protection worker does not bear lateral earth pressure, such as spray concrete slope protection, lattice frame planting slope protection, planting slope protection, etc. (b) The retaining slope protection that provides anti-slip force can be roughly divided into:

a) Rigid self-weight retaining walls (e.g., masonry retaining walls, gravity retaining walls, leaning wall retaining walls, overhanging retaining walls, buttressed retaining walls), (b) flexible self-weight retaining walls (e.g., snake cage retaining walls, frame retaining walls, stiffened retaining walls), (c) anchor-pull retaining walls (e.g

Anchor-drawn lattice beam retaining wall, anchor-drawn pile retaining wall).

Slope finding is divided into architectural slope finding and structural slope finding.

After the completion of the building structure itself, the slope is formed by the different thickness of the surface layer of the building material, which requires two steps to complete. The slope of the structure is formed by the building structure itself, and the slope is completed when the structure is completed, and only one step is needed to complete. In the construction of small-span buildings, the slope length and slope are mostly small, and the building is mostly used to find the slope; In large-span public buildings, where the slope length and slope are large, the structure is mostly used to find the slope, such as the roof truss with variable cross-section.

The slope of a structural slope roof is formed by the shape of the structural components or their support. It is the use of concrete construction to directly form a slope.

Structural slope finding does not need to set up a slope finding layer on the roof.

When the roof slope is 3%, the structural slope should be used.

There is no positive or negative difference in slope, the lowest is 0, because according to the slope classification of the International Geographical Union Geomorphological Survey and Geomorphological Mapping Committee on the application of geomorphological details to divide the chain Zhengru slope grade, stipulate: 0° is a plain, > is a slight slope, >2° 5° is a gentle slope, >5° 15° is a slope, >15° 35° is a steep slope, > 35° 55° is a steep slope, and >55° 90° is a vertical wall.

Chinese mainland stipulates that 25° cannot be cultivated.

In the Northwest Loess Plateau, 15° and 25° are the lower and upper limits of the slope surface erosion, respectively, and the critical slope angles.