What are the earliest masterpieces of Chinese culture

New culture, the beginning of a new China.

It represents the beginning of a new culture.

"Playing the Song".

Xianqin: Anonymous.

Broken bamboo, continued bamboo;

Flying earth, chasing the earth.

Translation: Chop the bamboo, split it into pieces, bend it into a slingshot, and load it with a bullet. Shoot mud pellets as fast as flying, and hunt birds and beasts for a delicious meal.

"Dan Song" belongs to the ancient ballad, which is a primitive hunting song. It is an ancient ballad recorded in the earliest classics of our country. Ancient Ballads:

Folk songs produced in primitive societies and early civilized societies were oral creations of the people before the Book of Songs. It is the earliest source of classical poetry in China. With:

The words are short, the language is simple and the rhythm is bright.

This song records the historical fact that primitive people in China have invented bows and arrows and writing, and it is speculated that it was produced in the period of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors 5,000 years ago, the initial period of Chinese culture. The song outlines the whole process of primitive group hunting: from chopping bamboo and making slingshots, to firing projectiles and hunting birds and beasts.

"Playing the Song".

About "Playing Song".

Broken bamboo, continued bamboo; Flying soil, chasing meat. ”

It is an ancient folk song that reflects the life of hunting in primitive societies. "Playing Song" is selected from "Wu Yue Chunqiu", written by Zhao Ye of the Eastern Han Dynasty. According to the record of "Wu Yue Spring and Autumn Period", in the late Spring and Autumn Period, Gou Jian, the monarch of the Yue Kingdom, asked Chen Yin, an archery expert of the Chu State, about the truth of the bow bullet, and Chen Yin quoted this folk song when answering.

At that time, there was no way to verify whether it was sung or recited, but later generations still recorded the words.

In primitive societies, the ancestors lived by hunting. Due to the low level of production capacity, slash-and-burn farming, the means of hunting are also extremely backward. With the continuous development of society, the tools of production have gradually improved.

After the appearance of bow bullets (also called slingshots), it can shoot both birds and beasts, and the level of production capacity has increased.

The folk song "Dan Song" summarizes the production process and the use of "Dan" in concise language, shows the wisdom and wisdom of the working people, and uses the joy of "Dan" to hunt food.

Broken bamboo, continued bamboo", is the production process of singing "bullet". This is to cut off the bamboo pole first, and then use a string to connect the two ends of the truncated bamboo pole to make a slingshot. In this way, the production of the "bullet" was completed.

Although it is simple and crude, it shows the wisdom and ingenuity of the working people and also shows the progress of social civilization.

With the "bullet", a hunting activity began: "flying soil, chasing meat". Projectiles were shot out of the slingshots, hitting the prey one by one, and people chased happily and returned with a full load.

"Flying earth" refers to the ejection of a projectile made of clay. "Meat chasing" means that hunters chase down prey such as birds and beasts that have been injured.

This folk song is short, rustic, with neat verses and harmonious rhymes, and is a true reflection of hunting life in primitive times.

Explanation: Broken bamboo – cutting bamboo;

Jizhu --- use cut bamboo to make slingshots;

Flying Earth - Fill a slingshot with a slingshot and shoot it;

Chase meat --- shoot birds and beasts to get food.

Appreciation: 1) Feel the cheerfulness and self-confidence of working people's life from the rhythm;

2) From the content, we know that the earliest ballads were produced from productive labor;

3) Embody the relationship between man and nature from the inner spirit: man depends on nature, and at the same time has to conquer nature (in ancient times, man was so small) in order to survive. The most simple idea of the unity of heaven and man.

4) Poetry is an independent, mature, and developed ballad;

5) The Book of Songs is the first collection of poetry after the appearance of poetry, which was compiled by Confucius, laid the foundation of realism in classical Chinese literature, and was regarded as a classic of Confucianism by later generations.

The reason is: "The Book of Songs is not an ordinary collection of poems, but the expression of poetry and artistic sublimation of ancient Chinese culture, and it is a cultural classic with foundational significance in the history of the Chinese nation." The Book of Songs was not just a collection of literature in the Zhou Dynasty, but an artistic expression of the historical, political, religious, and philosophical aspects of the Zhou Dynasty, a part of the ritual and music culture, a textbook for the children of the aristocracy, and a masterpiece carefully compiled by the Zhou people.

The politics, philosophy, culture, and system of the Zhou Dynasty society have had an important impact on ancient Chinese society since the Qin and Han dynasties. ”

"Playing Song" is an ancient ballad from ancient times. This poem was recorded in the "Wu Yue Spring and Autumn Period", and it was also included in the "Ancient Poetry Source" compiled by the literati of the Qing Dynasty. About 5,000 years ago, China has entered the later stage of primitive society.

Poetry of primitive societies has also been produced. Judging from the surviving materials, the poems of this period are mainly labor ballads composed by primitive people in collective labor.

The whole poem is as follows: broken bamboo, continued bamboo;

飞土, 逐宍 (ròu).

This "宍" character is the ancient character for "meat". The annotation I saw in Mr. Zhou Ruchang's inscription "One Hundred Poems of Two Three and Four Words in the Past Dynasties" is that the original meaning of this poem: broken bamboo - that is, to break the bamboo, and to continue the bamboo is to connect the bamboo with leather or rope to make a bow, flying soil, that is, to use the soil to knead into a projectile, chasing meat, is to use the made slingshot to hunt.

Among them, "shin" is the ancient word "meat", which refers to the meaning of birds and beasts. It depicts the scenes of labor and hunting of the ancestors in ancient times, reflecting the primitive social life in the fishing and hunting era.

Lu Xun said that the earliest poem was the "Yu Yu Yu" when the ancients carried things, and if it was recorded, he would be the "Yu Yu Yu" school.

The earliest couplet in our country is the couplet created by Meng Chang, the monarch of Shu five generations later, "New Year's Yuqing, Jiajie Changchun".

The gist of it is: the New Year enjoys the legacy of the ancestors. The festive season heralds that spring is always there.

It reflects the political stability, economic prosperity and cultural prosperity of the Sichuan and Shu regions during the Five Dynasties.

The earliest couplet in China is "New Year's Day, Festival Changchun".

According to historical records, the earliest couplet originated in the fifth generation of Shu lord Meng Chang, his inscription on the door plate peach charm, is the earliest couplet in China, but also the first spring couplet.

Couplets are a type of duality literature that originated from the peach symbol.

Five generations ago, it was called "peach charm", people in order to "ward off evil spirits", remove the old and establish the new, with peach wood made of small plates nailed to the door panel, this is the oldest spring couplet. In the Song Dynasty, people replaced peach wood with paper; In the Ming Dynasty, it was finally named "Spring Festival Couplet", which has been used to this day.

The New Year is celebrated, and the festival is called Changchun.

According to the "Song Shi Shu Family", five generations later, the Shu lord Meng Chang "every year of Chinese New Year's Eve, the order bachelor is the word, the inscription peach charm, placed around the dormitory." In the last years (964), the bachelor Xing Yinxun wrote the lyrics, Chang with his non-work, self-appointed pen title cloud:

The New Year is celebrated, and the festival is called Changchun.

This is the earliest Spring Festival couplets in our country. After the Song Dynasty, it has been quite common for folk New Year to hang Spring Festival couplets, and the sentence "thousands of households on the day of the new peach" in Wang Anshi's poem is a true portrayal of the grand occasion at that time. Because the appearance of the Spring Festival couplets is closely related to the peach symbol, the ancients also called the Spring Festival couplets "peach symbols".

In the Ming Dynasty, people began to use red paper instead of peach boards, and the Spring Festival couplets we see today appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, literati and scholars all regarded the couplet as a graceful thing. Shujiale responded with this reward, and the literati hung this elegant fasting wall, and it became a common practice to write couplets.

The couplets were also introduced to Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Singapore and other countries, which still retain the custom of sticking couplets.

Open the world, welcome the new year on the first day of the new year. It was written by Liu Yongzi in the Tang Dynasty.

According to historical records, the Shu Emperor Meng Chang (918-956), five generations later, ordered Xin Yinxun, a scholar of Hanlin, to write an inscription on the door on Chinese New Year's Eve in 934"Peach Charm"board, Meng Chang didn't think he was doing well, so he was there in person"Peach Charm"Couplet:"New Year's Day, Jiajie Changchun,"This is recognized as the earliest couplet in our country.

The couplet can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty in the "Book of Songs" in the battle sentence, calligraphy stone carving is the Tang Dynasty calendar, the famous scholar and the monk of the Great Britain Monk inscription: a pillar of optimus through the ages; A single bottle hangs on the wall in the spring of ten thousand years. There are reliefs of columns and bottles on the side.

According to historical records. In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, the Xiyan Temple traveled to Dongshan and inscribed the couplet. The first year of the Tang Dynasty was 766 A.D., more than 1,220 years ago.

Meng Chang's statement can be discussed as the beginning of the "door union".