What are some common knowledge of economics that ordinary people should know?

When it comes to economics, it can't help but feel that it is something that only economics experts need to master and study. However, many things in our daily life actually reflect the principles of economics and common sense of economics, and ordinary people should also know these common sense of economics so as not to make jokes.

Complements and alternatives

The meaning of these two nouns can be understood literally. Complementarities are products that complement each other, just like toothpaste and toothbrushes; Alternatives are two products that have similar functions and can be substituted for each other, such as laundry detergent and laundry detergent. Supermarkets generally put complementary products together, firstly, to save consumers' time looking for goods, and secondly, to promote the sales of complementary products.

For substitutes, an increase in demand for A will inevitably lead to a decrease in demand for B, because both A and B can meet the same needs of consumers.

Demand and supply curves

If other things remain constant, generally speaking, the higher the demand, the smaller the demand from the consumer, so the demand curve is an inverse proportional curve. For the supply line, the higher the supply, the greater the supply of the quotient, so the supply curve is a proportional curve. The intersection of the demand line and the supply line is the equilibrium point, at the equilibrium point, under the same **, the demand and supply are the same, and the market has reached the equilibrium state of supply and demand.

Buyer's market and seller's market

When there is an oversupply, there is a buyer's market, the buyer becomes the dominant player in the market, in order to sell the goods, the seller will compete and constantly reduce prices to empty the inventory. When the supply exceeds the demand, there is a seller's market, the seller becomes the dominant in the market, and the buyer has to accept the higher ** proposed by the seller in order to be able to obtain the goods to meet their own needs. For example, during the snowstorm in 2008, candles were sold for 2 yuan or even 10 yuan a piece.

Life is full of knowledge, we should not only be a caring person in life, but also pay attention to the study of theoretical knowledge. We are not economists and do not need to have a deep understanding of economics, but in daily life, we still need to know some necessary economic knowledge.

1. Consumption issues in clothing, food, housing, transportation, car purchase, housing, labor and employment, tourism and leisure, etc.;

2. Investment methods and investment skills related to savings, bonds, lottery real estate, insurance, etc.

3. Why does the financial crisis on Wall Street affect the Chinese people?

4. The 100 yuan earned ten years later is equivalent to how much it is today.

5. Why can't rich coal bosses stop frequent mining disasters?

6. The decision of equilibrium - why pork rises and falls. GDP – who is richer, you or your neighbor, Mrs. Wang. Inflation — what to do if the meal has been cooked and the guests come again.

7. Monopoly - why are computers installed with Microsoft systems?

8. M&A - when the porridge shop in the east buys the dumpling restaurant in the west.

9. Opportunity cost: why Peking University students sell meat to cause controversy.

10. Monetary Theory - Who gave the RMB the right to exchange for goods.

11. Why is it so difficult to get a Beijing hukou?

12. Why are Christmas gifts all over the world made in China?

13. What is the purpose of Obama's accusation that China is manipulating the exchange rate?

14. In behavioral economics in life, everyone is faced with choices and decisions every day, but not all of these choices are "rational", on the contrary, people's past experience, satisfied assumptions, imprecise frame of reference and other factors often make "irrational" choices that are detrimental to the best interests.

The knowledge of economics is divided into two sides, namely theoretical economics and applied economics.

1. Theoretical economics mainly includes: political economy, Western economics, world economics, population resources and environmental economics, etc.

2. Applied economics mainly includes: National Economics, Regional Economics, Public Finance, Finance, Industrial Economics, International Economics or, Labor Economics, Statistics, Quantitative Economics, etc.

Economics is a theory that studies the laws of production, circulation, distribution, and consumption of value. The object of study of economics is the same objective law as the object of study of natural sciences and other social sciences.

1.Economics General Knowledge epub

Common sense in economics Sakura leak epub 1Common sense in economics.

It is the central bank that prints more money to make more money in the market. For example, if a country can produce 1,000 cars, each car = 1 piece, the country has 1,000 pieces. At this time, if another 1,000 yuan (quantitative easing) were printed, the country would have 2,000 yuan, but the production capacity was still 1,000 cars, so now each car is equal to 2 yuan.

That is to say, in the past, your salary was 3,000 yuan, and you could buy 1 car for one piece, but now the salary remains the same, it is still 3k, but you have to spend 2 yuan to buy a car. Isn't your life getting harder and harder?

You know this and that's it:

In fact, they all come from the "conservation of economic energy" here: MV=PQ, M refers to the amount of money, V refers to the currency turnover rate, P refers to commodities ** (also called the general price level), and Q refers to the total amount of commodities.

When the marketization develops to a stable stage, v can be regarded as a constant and does not need to be considered. Then if the growth rate of m exceeds the growth rate of q, p will grow, which is inflation. The definition of inflation is:

Monetary over-issuance (i.e., mq growth) or the general price level p** are the same thing.

1.Macroeconomic policy objectives include four: full employment, price stability, economic growth and balance of payments.

There is often a contradiction between the four objectives of macroeconomic policy. Macroeconomic policy instruments can be divided into several types: demand management, supply management, and external management.

2.Fiscal policy is the choice of income and expenditure, or the decision made on income and expenditure, in order to promote the increase of employment level, prevent inflation, reduce economic and technological fluctuations, and achieve stable growth. State finance is made up of two aspects:** revenue and expenditure.

Revenues include taxes and public debt, and expenditures include purchases and transfers.

3.The intrinsic stabilizer refers to the mechanism that the fiscal policy itself has to automatically regulate the economy and reduce economic fluctuations, which can automatically curb inflation when the economy is booming and automatically reduce its degree when the economy is depressed, without the need for special policies to regulate the economy. The fiscal policies that play the role of automatic stabilizers are mainly income taxes, transfer payments, and support for agricultural products.

4.According to the judgment of the economic situation and the characteristics of fiscal policy, the fiscal policy of camera choice and initiative to increase or decrease expenditure, reduce or increase income to stabilize the economy and achieve full employment.

The so-called coordination method is the coordination of monetary policy and fiscal policy tightness. There are four combinations of this kind of tightening: (1) the combination of tight monetary policy and tight fiscal policy, that is, the "double tightening policy"; 2) the combination of loose monetary policy and loose fiscal policy, that is, the "double loosening policy"; 3) the combination of loose monetary policy and tight fiscal policy, that is, the policy of "loose money and tight fiscal"; 4) The combination of tight monetary policy and loose fiscal policy, i.e., "tight money,

Isn't this what we need to do to stimulate domestic demand? Consumption is promoted through a series of economic policies such as social welfare and increasing household income. Because there are many overcapacity problems in China, coupled with the economic crisis and the rise in the exchange rate, these problems are even more serious.

Therefore, the previous economic model cannot sustain our development, and we need to change and turn the momentum of development to ourselves.