What is the raw material of stainless steel, what material is stainless steel made of

Stainless steel, the main component is iron. Generally about 50%.

Then, in order to improve the corrosion resistance of iron, some elements are added. Such as: chromium, nickel, manganese, carbon, cobalt.

The different elements added, the amount and the processing process form different grades of stainless steel.

Stainless steel is based on ordinary carbon steel, adding a group of steel with a mass fraction of chromium (WCR) greater than 12 alloying elements, which can maintain metallic luster under the action of air, that is, it has the characteristics of no rust. This is due to the fact that this type of steel contains a certain amount of chromium alloy elements, which can form a strong oxide film (passivation film) on the surface of the steel that does not dissolve in certain media, so that the metal is isolated from the external medium without chemical reaction. In this kind of steel, in addition to containing more chromium (Cr), some are also matched with the addition of more other alloying elements, such as nickel (Ni), so that it has good chemical stability in air, water, and vapor, and has enough stability in many kinds of acid, alkali, salt aqueous solution, even in high or low temperature environment, it can still maintain its corrosion resistance.

There are two kinds of stainless steel: ordinary (general) stainless steel and corrosion-resistant steel: steel that can resist erosion in air or weak medium can be called stainless steel, that is, general stainless steel; Steel that resists erosion in certain strong corrosive media is called corrosion-resistant steel. Stainless steel is not necessarily corrosion-resistant, and corrosion-resistant steel certainly does not rust, and of course it is worthy of the title of stainless steel.

Stainless steel not only has strong chemical stability, but also has sufficient strength and plasticity, and has stable mechanical properties at a certain high or low temperature. Some grades of these steels are also available as heat-resistant steels, including austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, and precipitation-hardened steels; Some can be used as high-quality low-temperature steel, and its corrosion resistance is still excellent in the process of use. Due to the unique properties mentioned above, it is not difficult to imagine the place it occupies in the national economy.

Especially in today's high-tech development, stainless steel is widely used in various fields. It can be used as a material for acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, high-pressure-resistant pressure vessel devices and storage and operation tanks in the chemical industry, oil refining industry, man-made fiber industry, food, medicine and daily necessities industry; It can also be used as a high-temperature and low-temperature resistant component for the power industry, steam turbine manufacturing industry, shipbuilding industry, and aviation industry; In the aerospace industry and nuclear industry, it is an indispensable material for the manufacture of artificial satellites, spacecraft, rockets and nuclear power units; With the increasing development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, stainless steel daily products have also penetrated into thousands of households.

The raw material of stainless steel is ordinary carbon steel, and on this basis, other chemical elements are added, such as chromium, the content of which is more than 12%, and the material of stainless steel is formed by production.

When manufacturing stainless steel, manufacturers must determine exactly what type of stainless steel they want to make. This is important because the grade of stainless steel they want to make affects the proportion of stainless steel materials present in the mixture, such as iron, carbon, nickel, etc. These ratios are not always accurate, and sometimes they are in a range because there is an inevitable risk of variation in the purity of each element in the mixture.

The principle of stainless steel

Stainless steel is essentially the product of a combination of steel and chromium, chromium can become good friends with oxygen, forming chromium oxide, this substance has a smooth and hard surface, and has a strong adhesion to iron, in addition, this chromium oxide can also be automatically repaired after destruction, so stainless steel will always look shiny.

From iron to steel to stainless steel, this technological breakthrough has accelerated the pace of human civilization, and today stainless steel masterpieces, razors, protective nets, sinks, etc. can be seen everywhere around people.

Stainless steel is an anti-corrosion and high-temperature resistant alloy, and it is not easy to rust, which has a lot to do with its composition. In addition to iron, stainless steel is composed of chromium, nickel, aluminum, and silicon. After adding chromium and other elements to the steel, it can make the structure of the steel more uniform, thereby changing the properties of the steel, so that the corrosion invasion becomes difficult, and the surface of the stainless steel is attached with an oxide protective film, just like putting on a piece of armor for the steel, it is naturally not easy to rust.

The first to realize the corrosion resistance of stainless steel were two German scientists, Monatz and Borst. Monatz received a patent for the production of stainless steel in Germany in 1911. However, when it comes to the real inventor of stainless steel, Monatz seems to be no match for the British metallurgist Henry Brelley.

During the First World War, Brelley was commissioned by the British ** Military Arsenal to study the improvement work of **. At that time, a large number of guns were needed for war, but due to technical constraints, the rifles used by soldiers were extremely prone to wear and tear and rust. So, Brearley wanted to invent an alloy steel that was not easy to wear and rust.

Later, he added various elements to the steel and did a number of experiments. However, many trials have not yielded the desired results. On one occasion, he incorporated chromium into the raw material for steelmaking, and when the new material came out, it had a shiny and attractive appearance.

He happily made this steel into the barrel. It's a pity that this steel texture was too brittle, and in the first shooting tests, it was "crushed".

Brearley found in the rusted scrap metal pile, most of which was rusted, and only a few pieces of steel pipe fragments doped with chromium were still shiny. This discovery surprised Brearley, and he hurriedly retrieved these "treasures" to study in detail.

Henry Breerley found that these chrome steels are not easy to cast even if they are exposed to the sun and rain, and they are not "afraid" of acid and alkali like ordinary steel. Because chrome steel was too brittle and expensive to make gun barrels, Brearley introduced this non-rusty steel to a cutlery factory to produce a variety of stainless steel knives, forks, etc., which made stainless steel a sensation in Europe. In 1916, Brelley patented stainless steel, and people respected him as the "father of stainless steel".

Since then, many inventors have also made important contributions. French scientists Guillet and Portevin invented high-temperature, earthquake-resistant austenitic stainless steel, which is used in the food industry. 1911 In 1914, Danzi of the United States invented another major category of stainless steel - ferritic stainless steel.

Now, stainless steel has developed into a large family of alloys, with no less than hundreds of varieties.

HH Stainless Steel Chemical Formula.

Carbon, manganese, ; Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon, Chromium-Nickel-Nitrogen, Iron: Margins HH Stainless Steel Features:

Tensile and yield strengths of 150,000 psi and 110,000 psi.

Elongation and ductility are better than those of the 302 and 304 types.

301HH stainless steel applications.

Kitchen equipment, wheel covers, aircraft parts, automotive decoration, numerous industrial applications.

Stainless steel is a corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant alloy, which belongs to alloy metal materials. It is not easy to rust because stainless steel contains chromium, nickel, aluminum, and silicon in addition to iron. After adding chromium and other elements to the steel, the structure of the steel can be made more uniform, thereby changing the properties of the steel, making it difficult to invade corrosive substances, and the surface of the stainless steel is attached to a wax loss layer oxide protective film, which is naturally difficult to rust.

2. What are the types of stainless steel materials?

1. Ferritic stainless steel.

Ferritic stainless steel, one of the most common stainless steel materials, is a type of stainless steel that has a ferritic structure in use. This stainless steel has a chromium content of between 11% and 30%. In addition, it also contains small amounts of molybdenum, titanium, niobium and other elements.

In addition to good corrosion resistance, ferritic stainless steel also has good oxidation resistance, excellent stress resistance, good thermal conductivity and a very small coefficient of expansion. However, ferritic stainless steel has poor plasticity, so this stainless steel material is mainly used to make corrosion-resistant parts.

2. Austenitic stainless steel.

Austenitic stainless steel is a stainless steel with a stable austenitic structure, containing 18% chromium and 8% nickel, and also contains small amounts of molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen and other elements. This stainless steel material is a product with good comprehensive properties, which can resist the corrosion of various media. Moreover, austenitic stainless steel has good toughness and plasticity, and its easy-to-cut air-to-air performance is also very good.

At present, austenitic stainless steels are widely used in various industries.

3. Martensitic stainless steel.

Martensitic stainless steel is a hardenable stainless steel material. The biggest feature of this stainless steel material is that its mechanical properties can be changed by heat treatment. At present, this stainless steel material is mainly used for the processing of steam turbine blades, surgical instruments and other products.

Question 1: What materials are needed to produce stainless steel? Low-carbon scrap, low-carbon ferrochrome, low-carbon ferronickel, low-carbon ferromanganese. Wait.

Question 2: What is the material of ordinary stainless steel Ordinary stainless steel is generally 304.

The better stainless steel is 316.

Question 3: What kind of material is stainless steel? Stainless steel is generally divided into austenitic stainless steel and ferritic stainless steel, and the main characteristics of the two are:

1. The corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel is stronger, and the typical material is 1Cr18Ni9Ti, that is, the steel contains 18% CR and 9% de Ni. A simple identification method, using a magnet to test that is not magnetic.

2. Ferritic stainless steel rarely contains Ni, and the stock ** is relatively cheap. A simple identification method, use magnets to test for magnetism.

Question 4: What is the material of S21953 stainless steel? It is a foreign grade of austenitic-ferritic alloy steel material, and the domestic close grade is 00cr18ni5mo3si2

Question 5: What is the name of the raw material for the manufacture of stainless steel Different stainless steel, the specific gravity of the elements in it is different, what element is what mine!!

Question 6: What is the surface of the raw materials of stainless steel strips It is the raw material before it is processed into stainless steel strip. The steel strip is processed from stainless steel coils. Therefore, the raw material of stainless steel strip is stainless steel coil.

Question 7: What is the material of stainless steel? How do you write a codename? SUS 201 202 301 304 and so on, generally start with SUS, and there are quite a lot of grades.

Question 8: What is stainless steel generally used for? Construction: decoration, cabinetry, etc.

Machinery: corrosion-resistant equipment, food industry equipment, special machinery and equipment, etc.

Marine engineering: for corrosion protection.