What are the common epidemic diseases in winter and spring? How to prevent it

Oops, simple simple cold.

1. Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which is highly contagious, and its incidence rate accounts for the first place in infectious diseases. The incubation period is 1-3 days, the main symptoms are fever, headache, runny nose, sore throat, dry cough, muscle and joint aches and discomfort all over the body, fever generally lasts for 3-4 days, and there are also severe pneumonia or gastrointestinal influenza.

Mode of transmission: The source of infection is mainly sick and infected, and the infection period is 1 week. The main route of transmission is direct transmission by airborne droplets, but it can also be transmitted indirectly through items contaminated with the virus.

Precautionary measures: Open windows frequently to ventilate during flu season to keep indoor air fresh. Children should avoid going to crowded places as much as possible.

2. Spring is the season of good occurrence, the onset is generally more urgent, children often have fever, body temperature 38 40, with herpes of the hands, feet, and mouth as the main characteristics.

Mode of transmission: It is mainly transmitted through droplets from the digestive tract or respiratory tract, and can also be infected by contact with patients** and mucosal herpes fluid.

Preventive measures: In spring, parents should disinfect children's supplies and toys in a timely manner, and develop a good habit of hygiene. If your child is found to have any abnormalities, go to the hospital for a check-up**.

3. Mumps commonly known as "cha gicca", which is an acute, systemic infectious disease caused by mumps virus, generally about 2 weeks. Typical clinical symptoms are fever, diffuse swelling and pain in the cheeks and submandibular areas under the ears, and parotid gland enlargement is characterized by spreading forward, backward and downward with the earlobe as the center, which can be complicated by meningoencephalitis and acute pancreatitis.

Mode of transmission: The source of infection is mumps patients or hidden infections, and the virus infects healthy people through droplets. It is more common in children and adolescents, and the prognosis is good, and there is long-lasting immunity after the disease.

Precautionary measures: Isolate the patient in time until the swelling has subsided. Get vaccinated against mumps.

4. Common respiratory infections in children are viral infections, mainly through airborne droplets and contact, and there is no specific drug at present. During the onset of the disease, it is necessary to pay attention to letting the child rest and necessary symptomatic treatment.

Mode of transmission: The patient is the only source of infection, and the measles virus is present in the conjunctiva, nose, mouth, pharynx, etc. secretions (such as tears, nasal discharge, sputum, etc.) of the patient, as well as in the urine and blood.

Precautionary measures: In order to reduce the incidence of illness in young children, it is recommended that parents take their children to play in public places if they do not write on weekends.

Spring is the season of the year when there is a high incidence of many diseases, and here are some of them:

1.Allergic rhinitis: pollen flies in spring, and allergic rhinitis is prone to occur.

2.Bacterial infection: The warm and humid climate in spring is conducive to the reproduction of germs and can easily lead to diseases such as pneumonia and diarrhea.

3.Colds and flu: In spring, the temperature fluctuates and the body's resistance decreases, and it is easy to contract upper respiratory tract diseases.

4.Hepatitis: As the climate warms up in spring, people go out more, and their exposure to unclean food and water sources increases, making them susceptible to hepatitis.

5.Tuberculosis: Spring is one of the most common seasons for tuberculosis, and pregnant women, the elderly, and children are susceptible to infection.

6.Overwork: The temperature gradually rises, the body is prone to sweating, and the physical exertion is fast, resulting in overwork, which can easily cause muscle soreness, arthritis and other diseases.

Therefore, in the spring, you should maintain good hygiene habits, pay attention to exercise, eat reasonably, and enhance the body's immunity. If you experience uncomfortable symptoms, you should seek medical attention promptly.

5. When it is warm in early spring, don't rush to give your child clothes, and when the temperature drops sharply, you should add clothes in time. Parents can often touch the child's back and hands, and it is most suitable for the child's small hands to be warm and sweat-free.

It is necessary to keep the room beam bridge clean frequently, open the window for ventilation, so that the indoor air is fresh, but to avoid wearing the hall, when the sun is full, to change the bedding and change clothes frequently, when the cold is epidemic, try not to go to a crowded place, and avoid contact with cold patients.

In addition to eating a moderate amount of fish, meat, chicken, and eggs, you should eat more milk, soy products, vegetables and fruits. Drink plenty of water, and try to eat liquid food and soft food to reduce the burden on the digestive tract.

Ensuring adequate sleep for children is not only conducive to the growth and development of children, but also enhances immunity.

Let children go outdoors more often, they can get sunlight, breathe in fresh air, and enhance children's hematopoietic and immune function. However, it should be noted that it is necessary to avoid catching a cold on a windy day in spring.

Vaccinations should be carried out on time and in time to prevent common infectious diseases in children.

Spring is the season for a variety of diseases, and here are some of the common diseases that tend to occur in spring:

1.Respiratory tract infection: In spring, the temperature of the air belt pants gradually rises, and the climate is humid, which will adversely affect the respiratory tract and easily cause colds, flu and other respiratory diseases.

For example, in the spring of 2023, there is a high incidence of influenza A.

2.Allergic diseases: Pollen is scattered in spring, which can easily cause allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma and other diseases.

3.Gastrointestinal diseases: The temperature fluctuates greatly in spring, which can easily make the gastrointestinal peristalsis poor, resulting in diarrhea, indigestion and other diseases.

4.Disease: The air humidity in spring is large, and the amount of sweat is excreted, which is easily affected by humidity and can easily cause itching, eczema, acne and other diseases.

5.Eye diseases: Too much pollen in spring can easily lead to eye allergies, conjunctivitis and other diseases.

Strategies to prevent these diseases include maintaining good indoor air circulation, personal hygiene, eating hygiene, avoiding overexertion, and dressing properly. If the above symptoms appear, you should go to the nearest hospital in time and follow the doctor's advice**.