What is the meaning of the principle of program storage and program control?

In 1945, von Neumann first proposed the concept of "stored programs" and the binary principle, and later, people used this concept and principle to design electronic computer systems collectively called "von." Norman-type structure "computer. Feng.

Norman-based processors use the same memory and are transferred over the same bus.

Feng. Norman structure processors have the following characteristics:

There must be a memory;

There must be a controller;

There must be a combinator for both arithmetic and logical operations;

There must be input and output devices for human-machine communication.

Von Neumann's main contribution was to propose and implement the concept of "stored programs". Since the instructions and data are binary, and the addresses of the instructions and operands are closely related, it was natural to choose this structure in the first place. However, this structure of instructions and data sharing the same bus makes the transmission of information flow a bottleneck that limits the performance of the computer, which affects the improvement of data processing speed.

In a typical case, completing an instruction requires 3 steps: fetching the instruction, decoding the instruction, and executing the instruction. From the timing relationship of the instruction flow, we can also see the difference between the von Neumann structure and the Harvard structure.

For example, the simplest instruction to read and write the memory, instruction 1 to instruction 3 are all storage and retrieval instructions. In Norman fabric processors, because the fetching instructions and accessing data are accessed from the same storage space and transmitted through the same bus, they cannot overlap executions, and only one is completed before the next.

Physical Storage?? It is to convert the information into basic 0 and 1 and store it on the hardware, control, is to use the underlying language that the machine can recognize, such as assembly, to operate the computer hardware to achieve the purpose of control.

Feng. The main idea of the basic working principle of the computer described by Neumann is program storage.

The principle of stored programs is also known as the "von Neumann principle" (proposed in 1946). A design principle that stores programs in a computer's internal memory like data. Once the program is stored in memory, the computer can automatically move from one instruction to another.

Modern electronic computers are designed according to this principle.

The von Neumann structure, also known as the Princeton structure, is a memory structure that combines program instruction memory and data memory. The program instruction storage address and the data storage address point to different physical locations of the same memory, so the program instruction and data width are the same, such as the program instruction and data of Intel's 8086** processor are both 16 bits wide.

Generally speaking, it means that an executable program written to solve a specific problem is saved in the memory of the computer, and then the first instruction of the program is executed according to the first address of the program in the memory, and then the other instructions are executed in the established order of the program until the end of the program. Hope it helps.

The basic principles of the concept of stored programs.

A computer system consists of two parts: a hardware system and a software system. American-Hungarian scientist von Neumann structure (John

vonneumann) laid the basic structure of modern computers, which are characterized by:

1) Use a single processing component to complete the work of calculation, storage, and communication.

2) The storage cell is a linear organization of fixed length.

3) The unit of the storage space is directly addressed.

4) Using low-level machine language, instructions are used to complete simple operations through opcodes.

5) Centralized sequential control of calculations.

6) The computer hardware system consists of five components: combinator, memory, controller, input device, and output device, and stipulates their basic functions.

7) Color binary form represents data and instructions.

8) When executing programs and processing data, programs and data must be ethically loaded from the external memory into the main memory, so that the computer can automatically adjust the instructions from the memory and execute them when working.

This is the basic principle of the concept of stored programs.

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At the heart of the von Neumann principle is "storage program control".

Step 1: Programs and data are fed into memory through input devices;

Step 2: After starting and running, the computer takes out the program instruction from the memory and sends it to the controller to identify and analyze what the instruction requires;

Step 3: The controller issues corresponding commands (such as addition and subtraction) according to the meaning of the instruction, takes out the operation data stored in the memory unit and sends it to the combinator for calculation, and then sends the operation result back to the unit specified by the memory;

Step 4: When the computing task is completed, the result can be output through the output device according to the instructions.

The basic content of the principle of "storage program control" is:

1) Representation of data and instructions in binary form;

2) the program (data and instruction sequence) is stored in the main memory in advance, so that the computer can automatically take out the instructions from the memory at high speed when working, and execute them;

3) The computer system is composed of five basic components: combinator, memory, controller, input device and output device, and the basic functions of these five components are specified. Von Neumann's thought is actually the basic idea of electronic computer design, which laid the basic structure of modern electronic computers and ushered in the era of programming.

Basic Principles of Computers: Principles of Stored Program Control.

The characteristics of this principle are: (1): when executing programs and processing data, it is necessary to load programs and data into memory, and then the computer can automatically take instructions from memory and execute them when working.

2): Represent data and instructions in binary form.

3): Centralized sequential control of calculations.

4): The computer system is composed of five major components: combinator, memory, controller, input device, and output device.

The core of von Neumann's working principle of "stored programs" contains two meanings: first, the written program and the original data are stored in the computer's memory, that is, "stored programs"; Secondly, the computer takes out the instructions one by one according to the stored program, analyzes them, and performs the operations specified in the instructions, that is, "program control".

Programs and data are stored in a memory storage area, and the program can be executed continuously and automatically by simply giving the address of the first instruction.

What is the working principle of a computer's "stored program, program control".

What is the working principle of computer "stored programs, program control" Hello, dear! Computer work is based on the storage of program control information

Programs and data 1, instructions: instructions to indicate the computer to work, by the opcode and address stool carrying code or operand 2, program: composed of a series of instructions, a collection of instructions to solve the problem 3, the working principle of the storage program will binary representation of the program and data through the input device input to the computer memory to the CPU processing, when the processing is finished from the output device output results to the memory is divided into a number of storage units, each storage unit has a number, the label is the memory address 4, proposed:

von Neumann-Hungarian American five-part storage program 5, instruction execution process 1) take instruction 2) analyze instruction 3) execute instruction 4) wait for the execution of the next instruction; Hope mine is helpful to you, thank you and have a great day!

The working principle of computers can be summarized as stored program control, that is, they run instructions stored in memory (program-closed-sequence) and data (data) together to achieve a specific computing task. When a computer's processor (or processor) receives an instruction, it translates it into a series of machine language instructions, executes them step by step, and outputs the processing result based on the execution result. In addition, the computer can input and output data from external devices to perform more complex tasks.