Which are the more than 20 ethnic minorities in China that have been designated by the state as spar

There are 22 ethnic groups with a population of less than 100,000, collectively known as the ethnic groups with small populations, with a total population of 630,000.

The 22 ethnic groups with small populations are: Gaoshan (4,461), Brown (91,882), Salar (104503), Maonan (107166), Achang (33,936), Pumi (33,600), Tajik (41,028), Nu (28,759), Uzbek (12,370), Russian (15,609), Evenki (30,505), De'ang (17,935), Baoan (16,505), Yugur (13,719), Jing (22,517), Tatar (4,890), Dulong (7,426), Oroqen (8,196), Hezhe (4,640), Menba (8,923), Lhoba (2,965), Kino (20,899).

The 22 ethnic groups with small populations are: Gaoshan, Brown, Salar, Maonan, Achang, Pumi, Tajik, Nu, Uzbek, Russian, Evenki, De'ang, Baoan, Yugur, Jing, Tatar, Dulong, Oroqen, Hezhe, Menba, Lhoba, and Kino.

With a total of 3,556 Tatars in China, they are the smallest ethnic group in China.

The Tatar people are the Siberian type of the race, with their own language, belonging to the West Hungarian branch of the Turkic language family of the Altaic language family, with a script based on the Arabic script, and the main belief is Islam.

The Tatar people were formed mainly by the long-term integration of the ancient Bolgars, Kipchaks and Turkicized Mongols.

The Bolgars were a nomadic tribe that emerged in the steppes north of the Caspian Sea after the Xiongnu migrated westward. Around the 7th century AD, due to the continuous raids of other nomadic tribes, the Bolgar tribes were forced to migrate, and some of them came to the middle reaches of the Volga River and the Kama River, conquered the local indigenous population, formed the "Volga-Kama River Bolgar Tribal Union", and gradually merged with the local population and changed to agriculture.

These Bolgars became one of the most important Tatars of the Kazan region, and until the beginning of the 20th century, there were Tatars who called themselves Bolgars.

In the middle of the 13th century, the Mongols on a westward expedition destroyed the "Volga-Kama Bolgar Tribal Union". Genghis Khan's grandson, Batu, founded the Golden Horde, which spanned Europe and Asia. Its inhabitants are mainly Bulgars and Turkic-speaking Kipchaks.

The Mongols, the rulers of the Khanate, gradually adopted the Turkic language under the influence of the local population and converted to Islam in the 14th century.

In the 15th century, the Golden Horde gradually declined, and the Kazan Khanate was replaced by the Kazan Khanate in the middle reaches of the Volga and Kama rivers under the control of the Khanate. Its leader claimed to be a descendant of the Mongols, the Tatars. After that, "Tatar" gradually became the name of the inhabitants of the Kazan Khanate and its nearby tribesmen.

The least populated ethnic group - the Lhoba

There are 55 ethnic minorities in China, with a population of about 100 million, the largest population is the Zhuang nationality, with 15 million, and the population of more than 1 million is the Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uygur, Yi, Tujia, Mongolian, Tibetan, Buyi, Dong, Yao, Korean, Bai, Hani, Kazakh, Li, Dai and other 18 ethnic groups, and the smallest population is the Lhoba, only 2,000 people. In addition, there are more than 750,000 people in our country whose ethnic composition has yet to be finalized.

The number of people represented by the representatives of ethnic minorities in the diaspora may be appropriately reduced.

The number of deputies to people's congresses at all levels in our country is determined according to the method of adding the base number to the population. This provision is a good reflection of the equality in the distribution of the number of delegates from each region.

On the other hand, however, since China is a unified and multi-ethnic country, and the population of the minority nationalities in general is relatively small, it is necessary to proceed from reality in the distribution of the number of deputies, take care of the minority nationalities, earnestly implement ethnic equality, and fully reflect the extensive nature of the deputies.

In the People's Republic of China, the remaining 55 legal ethnic groups, except for the Han nationality, are all ethnic minorities. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in order to formulate and implement the work of national unity and unity, and in order to realize the equal rights of all ethnic groups, the party began to order the organization of forces to distinguish the names of ethnic groups and ethnic groups.

Through their efforts, scientists have clarified the basic composition of the big Chinese national family and identified 56 ethnic components. The smooth progress of ethnic identification has laid a foundation for carrying out ethnic work.

According to the electoral regulations, scattered ethnic minorities should elect deputies to the local people's congresses, and the number of people represented by each deputy may be less than the number of people represented by each deputy to the local people's congress.

It should be noted that the Orange Xun Stipulation applies not only to the ethnic minorities scattered in the ethnic autonomous areas, but also to the Han ethnic groups scattered within the autonomous territory.

The above content reference: Chinese National Network - How to understand that the minority of the Diaspora orange Xun ethnic group should be told that the number of people represented by the elected representatives can be appropriately reduced?

Oroqen.

The Oroqen are one of the least populated ethnic groups living in the northeastern part of China. According to the China Statistical Yearbook-2021, the population of the Oroqen ethnic group is 9,168.

The Oroqen language belongs to the Tungusic branch of the Manchu-Tungusic language family of the Altaic language family, has no written language, and now mainly uses Chinese Chinese.

The Oroqen ethnic group is mainly distributed in the Oroqen Autonomous Banner of the Hulunbuir League, the Butha Banner (now Zhalantun City) of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the Molidawa Daur Autonomous Banner, and the counties of Huma, Xunke, Aihui and Jiayin in the northern part of Heilongjiang Province. There are 3,871 Oroqen people in Heilongjiang Province, accounting for 47% of the total Oroqen population. The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has 3,573 people, accounting for 44%.

In the long-term hunting production and social practice, the Oroqen people have created a rich and colorful spiritual culture, including oral creation, dance, plastic arts, etc.

During the Yuan Dynasty, the Oroqen people were known as "the people in the forest" and "the savages of the northern mountains", and they were extremely widely distributed and were under the jurisdiction of Liaoyang Province. In the Ming Dynasty, there were "Beishan savages" who "rode deer to enter and exit" in the north of Heilongjiang River, which refers to the "deer tribe" who hunted east of Lake Baikal and north of Heilongjiang, that is, the Oroqen people. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Oroqen people were called "people in the tree".

The Oroqen clan said that on April 28, 1640 (the third month of the fifth year of Chongde), it appeared as "Orton".

After 1683 (the twenty-second year of Kangxi), there were many different ways of writing "Russian Spring", "Orochun Spring", "Oroqen" and so on. From October 1690 (the 29th year of Kangxi), "Oroqen" was fixed as a unified family name.

"Oroqen" is the national self-designation, that is, "people who use reindeer". In addition, the pronunciation of "Oroqun" is the same as the pronunciation of reindeer, which is an additional component to indicate people, and the two are combined, that is, "Oroqun", which means "deer beater" in Chinese.

The smallest ethnic group in China is the Lhoba Fifth National Population Census in 2000 (Ethnic Minorities) According to the statistics of the Fifth National Population Census in 2000, there are 100 million people in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in Chinese mainland. Among them, 1,159,400,000 are of Han nationality, accounting for; 106.43 million ethnic minorities accounted for 116.92 million compared with the fourth national census in 1990, the Han population increased by 116.92 million, an increase; The population of various ethnic minorities increased by 15.23 million, an increase. 55 ethnic minority population groups (unit:

10,000 people) Ethnic minorities with a population of more than 10 million (2) Zhuang and Manchu Ethnic minorities with a population of 10 million to 5 million (7) Hui, Miao, Uygur, Tujia, Yi, Mongolian, Tibetan.

<> ethnic minorities with a population of 5 million to 1 million (9): Buyi, Dong, Yao, Korean, Bai, Hani, Kazakh, Li, Dai, and 4 ethnic minorities with a population of 1 million to 500,000 (4): She, Susu, Gelao, and Dongxiang.

Ethnic minorities with a population of 500-100,000 (13): Lahu, Shui, Wa, Naxi, Tingyouqiang, Tu, Lupinlao, Xibe, Kirkezi, Daur, Jingpo, Maonan, Salar Ethnic minorities with a population of less than 100,000 (20): Brown, Tajik, Achang, Pumi, Evenki, Nu, Jing, Kino, De'ang, Baoan, Russian, Yugur, Uzbek, Menba, Oroqen, Dulong, Tatar, Hezhe, Gaoshan, Lhoba.

The least populous ethnic minority: the Lhoba, the official population data now used: 2,965 (absolute population), which is the proportion of the country's total population.

This statement is the latest census data in our country.