What are the necessary requirements for geological conditions in the construction of reservoirs?

The geology must be strong and must withstand the impact of water in order to prevent flooding, such as the Three Gorges Dam.

The geology must be solid and the geology must be relatively good, so that the reservoir can be built.

There are mainly corresponding requirements for the mechanical strength, stability and permeability of the foundation bearing these buildings.

It is required that the geology should be very strong, otherwise the reservoir is prone to danger.

The construction of reservoirs is particularly geologically demanding. The geology has to be very stable.

The place where the reservoir is built must first of all be well geological and relatively solid.

The main reason is that the rock formation at the bottom of the reservoir area is fractured or broken, and leakage occurs under strong water pressure.

Or the development of rock fissures in the embankment (rock part) in the reservoir area is also prone to lateral leakage.

The dike (rocky part) in the reservoir area has developed rock fissures and is also prone to lateral leakage.

The rock formation at the bottom of the reservoir area is fractured or broken, and leakage occurs under strong water pressure.

The main link in the construction of reservoirs that affects the water cycle is surface runoff.

The various parts of the water cycle include:

One: Offshore internal circulation.

Evaporation – precipitation.

Two: onshore internal circulation.

Evaporation, transpiration of plants – precipitation.

Three: sea and land circulation.

Evaporation - water vapor transport - precipitation - surface runoff, underground runoff (return to the ocean) Possible disasters from the construction of reservoirs are:

1. Cause the rise of groundwater level, in arid and semi-arid areas, the rise of groundwater level may cause soil salinization, and in humid areas may lead to cold springs invading fertile fields.

2. Large reservoirs may trigger**.

3. After the completion of the barrage dam, the sedimentary environment of the river may be changed due to the decrease in the flow rate of the upstream river section, which may cause the change of the channel of the channel.

4. If the dam fails under the action of force majeure, it will cause a catastrophe to the downstream.

5. It may affect the reproduction of migratory fish.

Due to the deterioration of water quality and the slowing down of water flow, aquatic plants and algae spread everywhere, which not only evaporated a large amount of river water, but also blocked river irrigation canals. These aquatic plants are not only found throughout irrigation channels, but also invade the main river channels. They hinder the efficient operation of irrigation canals and require frequent mechanical or chemical cleaning.

In this way, the maintenance of the irrigation system is increased.

Therefore, the site selection of reservoir dams should comprehensively consider the role of reservoir dams and the characteristics of local physical geography.

1) The dam site should be built at the river canyon where the contour line is dense, so that the dam body is shorter, so as to save the investment in dam construction project;

2) The reservoir area should be selected in the river valley, valley area, or "pocket-shaped" depression and small basin to ensure a large catchment area and reservoir capacity.

3) Avoid faults, karst landforms and other complex geological terrain sections, try to minimize the inundation of farmland, and there are no dangerous geological disasters such as debris flows and landslides to ensure the safety of the project.

Pumped storage power stations use the electric energy at low power load to pump water to the upper reservoir, and then release water to the lower reservoir to generate electricity during peak power load periods. It is also known as a storage hydropower station. It can convert the excess electric energy when the load of the power grid is low into the best value of electric energy during the peak period of the power grid, and is also suitable for frequency modulation and phase modulation, stabilizing the frequency and voltage of the power system, and it is suitable for accident backup, and can also improve the efficiency of thermal power stations and nuclear power plants in the system.

The construction of pumped storage power stations in China started late, but due to the late-onset effect, the starting point is higher, and the technology of several large-scale pumped storage power stations built in recent years has been at the world's advanced level.

Location conditions for the construction of pumped storage power stations:

1. The pumped storage power station plays a peak regulation role in the power grid, which can improve the efficiency of thermal power units, and the construction of pumped storage power station must be that the power grid has enough valley power. In addition, after considering the efficiency of pumps and hydro-generator units, the power generation income of pumped storage power stations is greater than that of thermal power units reduced by peak shaving.

2. The site selection conditions of pumped storage power station are mainly that suitable storage capacity can be built on the terrain and the site has an economic and reasonable distance from the power grid.

3. The upper and lower reservoirs use similar natural rivers or lakes. This kind of site is more difficult to choose, the capacity of the regulating reservoir of the reservoir generally considers the storage and discharge of 5-l0 hours, and the radiance of the water level change does not exceed 10-20 of the working head of the turbine. And the water level difference between the upper and lower reservoirs will not be very large.

4. When the upper reservoir is built by artificiality, the lower reservoir uses natural rivers, lakes, sea bends or the reservoirs that have been built. The upper and lower reservoirs are all built by artificial, and only pure pumped storage power stations can be built. The lower reservoir is built artificially, and the upper reservoir is the reservoir that has been built.

Or the original conventional hydropower station can be transformed into a hybrid pumped storage power station.

The engineering geological problems in the reservoir area include leakage in the reservoir area, including temporary and permanent leakage, and reservoir inundation. Reservoirs generally occur in mountain valleys and piedmont plains;

The problem of reservoir bank collapse is generally more serious in plain reservoirs; The problem of reservoir siltation will reduce the reservoir capacity and shorten the life of the reservoir.

A large reservoir of three gorges as an example:

1: Destruction and flooding of a large number of precious farmland land, and various customs, culture, cultural relics and buildings.

2: Destroying the local ecological environment and preventing the migration of aquatic animals in the Yangtze River may make some rare species extinct.

3: It may lead to an imbalance in China's water resources and affect the entire Chinese networked water flow system.

4: Affect the local climate, is the local temperature is more mild and stable. Increased rainfall. Reducing the amount of water downstream can make it difficult to use water downstream.

5: The construction process of the reservoir itself and the filling of water after the construction of the reservoir cause additional pressure on the local geographical structure, which may lead to various geological disasters. As**.

Small reservoirs such as those on the Yongding River.

1: It can lead to the interruption of the flow of the river, affect the downstream ecosystem, and the weather becomes dry and rainless.

2: Increase the pollution of the river because there is less water in the river.

That's all I can think of. Please forgive me that it may not be perfect.