What exactly is the third exploitation of oil fields? Is it legal?

The oil field passed. After the first and second oil recovery, the recovery rate can generally reach more than 50, and there is still a large amount of remaining ** underground that has not been mined. The use of chemical surfactant-driven substances to improve the properties of oil, gas, water and rock in relation to each other to extract more oil is known as tertiary oil recovery.

The third mining is legal.

Oil, as a non-renewable resource, has always been the key to the country's energy development. Since the 90s of the last century, the production has decreased, the water production has increased, the water injection efficiency has decreased, the oil production cost has risen, and the new reserves can not meet the needs of economic development, and the new oil recovery technology is urgently needed to take over.

According to statistics, China's onshore heavy oil reserves are more than 12 million tons, but they are faced with a single exploitation method.

1. Major technical problems such as high energy consumption and cost, poor economic benefits, and a large amount of ultra-heavy oil to be used urgently. At present, low-pressure and low-permeability fields account for more than 60% of the recoverable oilfields in China, so the use and promotion of surfactant flooding is particularly important for the domestic low-pressure and low-permeability oilfields and heavy oil oilfields.

At present, the major domestic oilfields have generally carried out the mine field test and industrial application test of tertiary oil recovery, so as to improve the recovery rate, develop the comprehensive adjustment of the oilfield and improve the secondary oil recovery as a means, actively explore and adopt the tertiary oil recovery technology, increase the economic recoverable reserves, improve the production intensity of difficult to recover reserves, and extend the stable production period of the oilfield.

Legal analysis: tertiary oil recovery refers to the continuous oil recovery by polymer flooding, composite flooding, foam flooding, gas-water alternate flooding, carbon dioxide flooding, microbial flooding, etc. after the secondary oil recovery.

Legal basis: Resource Tax Law of the People's Republic of China Article 16 The following terms in this Law have the following meanings: (1) low-abundance oil and gas fields, including onshore low-abundance oil fields, onshore low-abundance gas fields, offshore low-abundance oil fields, and offshore low-abundance gas fields.

Onshore low-abundance oilfields refer to oilfields with recoverable reserves of less than 250,000 cubic meters per square kilometer; Onshore low-abundance gas fields refer to gas fields with recoverable natural gas reserves of less than 250 million cubic meters per square kilometer; Offshore low-abundance oilfields refer to oilfields with recoverable reserves abundance of less than 600,000 cubic meters per square kilometer; Offshore low-abundance gas fields refer to gas fields with an abundance of recoverable natural gas reserves of less than 600 million cubic meters per square kilometer. (2) High sulfur natural gas refers to natural gas with a hydrogen sulfide content of more than 30 grams per cubic meter. (3) Tertiary oil recovery refers to the continued oil recovery by polymer flooding, composite flooding, foam flooding, gas-water alternate flooding, carbon dioxide flooding, microbial flooding, etc. after the secondary oil recovery.

4) Deep-water oil and gas fields refer to oil and gas fields with a water depth of more than 300 meters. (5) Heavy oil refers to the viscosity of the formation is greater than or equal to 50 millipascals per second or the density is greater than or equal to 0.92 grams per cubic centimeter. (6) High condensate refers to the freezing point higher than 40 degrees Celsius.

7) Mines in the depletion period refer to the number of mines with a design mining life of more than 15 years, and the remaining mineable reserves have dropped to less than 20% of the original designed mineable reserves, or the remaining mining life does not exceed five years. Mines in the depletion period are determined on the basis of individual mines under the mining enterprise.

I've said it all over the above, but some of them have already been mined or are about to be mined, and now I've focused on the northern and northwestern regions such as Inner Mongolia.

Daqing is very successful in using polymers, claiming that the technical level has been equivalent to the international level, but the same method has no effect in Liaohe and Dagang. Of course, there are some methods that have a wide range of applicability, such as water shut-off profile control, thermal recovery and other most oilfields should be used; At the same time, some methods are relatively Yangchun, and the practical application is said to be not much, such as surfactant repellent or something, Changqing here in the first two years to get an active agent with excellent laboratory effect, and then immediately mine experiment, but the effect is gone, and finally it is gone. So I agree with you that you should EOR according to your actual situation.

Tertiary oil recovery is referred to as EOR, and the main technologies include hydrocarbon flooding, chemical flooding, thermal flooding, CO2 flooding, etc. In developed countries, tertiary oil recovery has become an important technology to improve the oil recovery rate of oilfields. Among these methods, CO2 enhanced oil recovery technology has been widely used in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Turkey and other countries and regions.

According to the statistics of Oil & Gas magazine in 2012, there were 327 tertiary oil recovery projects and 135 CO2 injection oil displacement projects, accounting for the main technology of tertiary oil recovery. China's CO2 flooding technology began in the 60s and 70s of the last century, and Daqing Oilfield carried out CO2 immiscible flooding field tests for high water-cut oilfields in Sanan. After 2000, for low permeability reservoirs, CO2 flooding field tests have been carried out in Daqing, Shengli, Jilin, East China and Zhongtian, and preliminary results have been obtained.

Because it is a driller, I don't particularly understand the oil displacement process. However, the method used in the tertiary injection and production of Daqing Oilfield, where I am located, is ternary polymer flooding, that is, a composite flooding method composed of alkali, active agent and polymer. This oil displacement method makes the Daqing Oilfield 40 million tons of stable production until 2009, cost-effective, very suitable for Daqing Oilfield, a sandstone and good connectivity oilfield.

Therefore, the geological conditions of each oilfield are different, and the oil displacement methods used are also different, and the key is the geological structure. <>

With the increasing demand for oil in the world, oil as a limited non-renewable energy source, the opportunity to find larger oil storage fields is decreasing, the developed oil fields are aging, and the unexploited oil fields are mostly heavy oil, ultra-heavy oil and other difficult to recover reserves, which forces the industry to focus on the technology of improving the recovery rate of old oil fields. Tertiary oil recovery technology is an important oil extraction technology that can use new technologies such as physics, chemistry and biology to improve oil recovery. China's dependence on oil imports has exceeded 50%, and the domestic oil reserve recoverable reserves are becoming increasingly tight. The eastern oilfields have entered the late stage of secondary oil recovery, Xinjiang Oilfield and Changqing Oilfield have also entered the stage of secondary oil recovery, and most of the overseas oilfields acquired by oil companies have also entered the secondary oil recovery. The increase in production by 1 percentage point in the recovery rate of the old oilfield is equivalent to the current annual production in China, which shows the strategic significance of the three oil recovery.

Transcripts of graduate review courses in the Department of Geology, Northwest University; Student's NameMajorCourse NameSemesterCourse GradeTeacher's Comments:Teaching; The total grade of the course should be basically in line with the normal distribution; If there are two (or more) ways to conduct a comprehensive assessment, each one needs to be clarified; Gao Chunyun Oil and Gas Field Geology and Development Modern Reservoir Engineering 36 Category 36; Oil, as an important non-renewable chemical energy source, has a significant impact on the national economy and; 1.Principles of enhanced oil recovery; In the process of oilfield development, it is usually called the exploitation of natural energy from oil reservoirs; Oil recovery?

In the end, the social economy continues to grow rapidly, and the demand for oil and gas naturally rises, while the domestic oil ** is difficult to fill. This year, China's dependence on foreign oil has reached an increase of one percentage point over the previous year. China's ** production increased year-on-year, while net oil imports increased year-on-year.

According to the information released by the General Administration of Customs, in the first quarter of this year, China's imports of ** and refined oil products showed an upward trend year-on-year. China National Petroleum Corporation is the largest oil producer in China, with an annual output of 100 million tons this year, accounting for 58% of the domestic production share. Therefore, it is of great significance to fully tap the potential of PetroChina and maintain stable production and increase production to reduce China's dependence on foreign countries and ensure national energy security.