The inverse Carnot principle is used for heat pumps in air source heat pump technology

The "ground source heat pump system" is the three constant system, the core is constant temperature, constant humidity and constant oxygen, and a set of systems is used to create a healthy and comfortable indoor environment. In fact, the three constant systems of Huiji have ten values: constant temperature, constant humidity, constant oxygen, intelligence, quietness, energy saving, health, cleanliness, tidiness and peace of mind.

Sanheng system is selected by Hui Technology, a sub-household Sanheng benchmarking enterprise, lifelong maintenance, active service, to ensure lifelong stable operation. When choosing a home Sanheng system, many factors should be considered, and here are some important parts to share, I hope it will help you: 1. System effect; The purpose of installing the Sanheng system is to achieve the effect of indoor constant temperature, humidity and constant oxygen, so that the family can enjoy a healthy living environment like spring all year round, so the system effect is the first.

How do you determine the effect? It is recommended to go to the Sanheng system exhibition hall, or go directly to....

The air source heat pump absorbs a large amount of low-temperature heat energy in the air with very little electrical energy, and turns it into high-temperature heat energy through the compression of the compressor, which is transmitted to the water tank to heat hot water, so it has low energy consumption, high efficiency, fast speed, good safety, strong environmental protection, and a continuous stream of hot water. As a hot water system, it has incomparable advantages. However, one of the main disadvantages of air source heat pump is that the heating capacity and heating performance coefficient decrease with the decrease of outdoor air temperature, so its use is limited by the ambient temperature, and is generally suitable for areas with a minimum temperature above -10.

Combining heat pump technology with solar energy to ** hot water, so that the air source heat pump is undoubtedly an ideal auxiliary heating equipment.

The heat pump hot water unit follows the law of conservation of energy and the second law of thermodynamics, and uses the principle of heat pump to consume only a small part of the mechanical work (electrical energy) to transfer the heat in the low temperature environment (atmosphere or groundwater, etc.) to the water heater in the high temperature environment to heat and produce high temperature hot water. Heat pump can be compared with water pump, water can not flow spontaneously from low to high, to transport water from low to high, you must use a water pump, consume a part of electricity, in order to send water to the high tank. Similarly, according to the second law of thermodynamics, heat cannot be spontaneously transferred (transferred) from a low temperature environment to a high temperature environment, and to achieve this purpose, a machine must consume a part of the mechanical work (such as electrical energy) to transfer heat from a low temperature environment to a high temperature environment.

Such a machine is called a "heat pump". The function of the heat pump is to take out the heat in the air or low-temperature water, and send it to the high-temperature environment together with the heat energy converted into the heat energy used by itself.

The working principle of the heat pump is a mechanical device that forces heat to flow from low-temperature objects to high-temperature objects in a reverse circulation mode, which only consumes a small amount of reverse circulation net work, and can obtain a larger heat supply, which can effectively utilize the low-grade heat energy that is difficult to apply to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

In the operation of the air source heat pump, the evaporator absorbs heat from the ambient heat energy in the air to evaporate the heat transfer working fluid, the pressure and temperature of the working fluid vapor rise after compression by the compressor, and the high-temperature vapor condenses into a liquid through the special annular tube bonded to the outer surface of the water storage tank, and the heat is transferred to the water in the water storage tank of the air source heat pump.

Apply. The low-level heat energy (such as the heat contained in the air, soil, and water) is converted into the high-level heat energy that can be used, so as to achieve the purpose of saving part of the high-level energy (such as coal, gas, oil, electricity, etc.).

The working principle of the heat pump is a mechanical device that forces heat to flow from low-temperature objects to high-temperature objects in a reverse circulation mode, which only consumes a small amount of reverse circulation net work, and can obtain a larger heat supply, which can effectively utilize the low-grade heat energy that is difficult to apply to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

In the operation of the air source heat pump, the evaporator absorbs heat from the ambient heat energy in the air to evaporate the heat transfer working fluid, the pressure and temperature of the working fluid vapor rise after compression by the compressor, and the high-temperature vapor condenses into a liquid when the high-temperature vapor passes through the special annular tube bonded to the outer surface of the water storage tank, and the heat is transferred to the water in the water storage tank of the air source heat pump.

The low-level heat energy (such as the heat contained in air, soil, and water) should be converted into the high-level heat energy that can be used, so as to achieve the purpose of saving part of the high-level energy (such as coal, gas, oil, electricity, etc.).

In the presence of a low-temperature heat source, it cannot be re-liquefied and therefore cannot complete the cycle. In 1820, the French engineer Carnot designed an ideal heat engine working between two heat sources - Carnot heat engine, which theoretically proved that the Carnot cycle with ideal gas as the working medium has derived its thermal efficiency. The heat pump uses the reverse Carnot principle, with very little electrical energy, absorbs a large amount of low-temperature heat energy in the air, and turns it into high-temperature heat energy through compression, which is transmitted to the water tank to heat hot water, so it has low energy consumption, high efficiency, fast speed, good safety, strong environmental protection, and a continuous stream of hot water.

As a hot water system, it has incomparable advantages.

Inverse Carnot cycle.

It consists of two isothermal processes and two adiabatic processes. Assuming that the temperature of the low-temperature heat source (i.e., the cooled object) is t0 and the temperature of the high-temperature heat source (i.e., the ambient medium) is tk, then the temperature of the working fluid.

T0 in the endothermic process and Tk in the exothermic process, that is, there is no temperature difference between the working fluid and the cold source and the high temperature heat source in the endothermic and exothermic process, that is, the heat transfer is carried out at isotherm, and the compression and expansion process is carried out without any loss. The cyclic process is:

First, the working fluid absorbs heat Q0 from the cold source (i.e., the cooled object) under T0, and carries out isothermal expansion 4-1, and then through adiabatic compression 1-2, its temperature rises from T0 to the temperature of the ambient medium Tk, and then isothermal compression 2-3 is carried out under Tk, and the heat QK is released to the environmental medium (i.e., the high-temperature heat source), and finally the adiabatic expansion 3-4 is carried out to reduce the temperature from Tk to T0 even if the working fluid returns to the initial state 4, so as to complete a cycle.

For the inverse Carnot cycle, it can be seen from the graph:

q0=t0(s1-s4）

qk=tk(s2-s3)=tk(s1-s4）

w0=qk-q0=tk(s1-s4)-t0(s1-s4)=(tk-t0)(s1-s4）

Then the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration coefficient k is:

As can be seen from the above equation, the refrigeration coefficient of the inverse Carnot cycle is independent of the properties of the working fluid, but only depends on the temperature t0 of the cold source (i.e., the object to be cooled) and the temperature tk of the heat source (i.e. the ambient medium). Decreasing the tk and increasing the t0 can improve the refrigeration coefficient. In addition, it can be proved by the second law of thermodynamics that "the reverse cycle operating within a given temperature range of cold and heat sources is the highest refrigeration coefficient of the reverse Carnot cycle".

The refrigeration coefficient of any actual refrigeration cycle is less than that of the inverse Carnot cycle.

In summary, the ideal refrigeration cycle should be the reverse Carnot cycle. In fact, the reverse Carnot cycle is not possible, but it can be used as an indicator to evaluate the perfection of the actual refrigeration cycle. Usually the ratio of the refrigeration coefficient of the actual refrigeration cycle operating at the same temperature to the refrigeration coefficient k of the reverse Carnot cycle is called the thermal perfection of the refrigerator cycle, which is represented by symbols.

i.e.: = k

Thermal perfection is used to indicate how close the chiller cycle is to the inverse Carnot cycle. It is also a technical and economic indicator of the refrigeration cycle, but it is different from the meaning of the refrigeration coefficient, for the refrigeration cycle with different working temperatures, the economy of the cycle can not be compared according to the size of the refrigeration coefficient, but can only be judged according to the size of the thermal perfection of the cycle.

Yes! Its internal structure is mainly composed of four core components: compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.

Its working process is as follows: the compressor compresses the refluxed low-pressure refrigerant and discharges it into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas flows through the copper pipe wound outside the water tank, and the heat is conducted into the water tank through the copper pipe, and the cooled refrigerant becomes liquid under the continuous action of pressure, and enters the evaporator after the expansion valve, because the pressure of the evaporator decreases suddenly, so the liquid refrigerant quickly evaporates into a gaseous state and absorbs a large amount of heat. At the same time, under the action of the fan, a large amount of air flows through the outer surface of the evaporator, and the energy in the air is absorbed by the evaporator, and the air temperature decreases rapidly, turning into cold air and discharging into the kitchen.

The refrigerant, which has absorbed a certain amount of energy, then flows back to the compressor and enters the next cycle.

From the above working principle, it can be seen that the working principle of air energy heat pump is similar to the principle of air conditioning, and the reverse Carnot principle is applied, by absorbing a large amount of low-temperature heat energy in the air, it becomes high-temperature heat energy through compression of the compressor, and is transmitted to the water tank to heat the water. The whole process is an energy transfer process (from air to water), not an energy conversion process, without heating hot water through electric heating elements, or burning combustible gas to heat hot water.